| 词条 | Gholamreza Hassani |
| 释义 |
|era = Modern |image = GHassani20140405 (1).jpg |caption = Hassani in January 2014 |name = Gholamreza Hassani Bozorg-Abad غلامرضا حسنی بزرگآباد |title = Ayatollah |birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1927|7|21}} |birth_place = Urmia, Iran |death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2018|5|21|1927|7|21}} |death_place = Urmia, Iran |module={{Infobox person|child=yes |years_active = 1955–1979 Leader of Islamic militia movement against Pahlavi dynasty 1970–2014 as Friday prayer leader of Urmia |successor = Ayatollah Qurayshi}} |nationality = Iranian |region = Iran |creed = Shia Islam, The Fourteen Infallibles |main_interests = Islamic History and Islamic leadership doctrine |notable_ideas = Sunnism is invasion of Nubuwwah. |works = Divine Leadership and Quran, Fiqh and Jihad |influences = Abdul-Adhim ibn Abdillah al-Hassani, Imam Ruhollah Khomeini |influenced = Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Atieh Hassani, Mehdi Bakeri }}{{Infobox officeholder | | name= | image= | order1=Member of the Iranian Parliament[1] | term_start1=March, 1980 | term_end1=August, 1980 | order2=Representative of the Supreme Leader in West Azerbaijan and Imam Jumu'ah of Urmia | term_start2=1980 | term_end2=2014 |predecessor2 = |successor2 = Seyid Mehdi Ghoreishi | birth_date= | birth_place= | awards = Order of Courage (1st class)[2] | alma_mater=Qom Hawza |children = Allamah Atieh Al-Hassani, Rashid Hassani |relatives = Imam Hasan ibn Ali }} Ayatollah Gholamreza Hassani ({{lang-fa|غلامرضا حسنی}}, {{lang-az|Qulamrza Həsəni}}) July 21, 1927 – May 21, 2018)[3] was the previous Friday prayer, first First imam of Masjid-e-Jamé mosque of the city of Urmia in northwest Iran after Iranian Revolution., member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly in the first term from electoral district of Urmia and representative of the Iranian Supreme Leader Grand Ayatollah Ali Hosseini Khamenei in West Azarbaijan Province.[4] He has been described as one of the most, if not the most, conservative voices in Iran and Shia Islam world.[5] He is known for the highly challenging religious and political positions taken and his ultimate opposition to Caliphate and Anti-Sunni theories advocated in his controversial Friday sermons, which have reportedly drawn criticism from many of the Sunni leaders, Iranian reformists, Pan-Turkists, radical left organisations, Kurdish nationalists with adherence to Sunni tradition and Southern Azerbaijan patriot movement and been used by "Iranian political satirists in their works."[6]In 2001, articles appeared in the English-language media about a Friday sermon he delivered that condemned the practice of owning and holding small dogs as unIslamic.[5] The New York Times reported him as saying, "I would like to thank the honorable police and judges and all those who worked to arrest dog lovers and to confiscate short-legged dogs in this city,"[6] Several years later a crackdown on dogs and dog owners was launched in Tehran.[7] He has also been quoted as saying that "Women who do not respect the hijab and their husbands deserve to die ... These women and their husbands and their fathers must die."[4] In 2011 he was reportedly presented with the national "Medal of Bravery", "one of the most significant official medals awarded in Iran,"[6] by president Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. The medal was reportedly awarded for his record of resistance against the Shah’s regime prior to the Islamic Revolution, against the Kurdish opposition in the first years of the Islamic Republic, and for his participation in the Iraq-Iran War.[6] Hassani's devotion to the Islamic Revolution was such that in 1983, several years after the Revolution, he informed authorities of the hiding place of his son, Rashid,[8] a member of the opposition leftist guerilla group Fadayian Khalq, who was then executed by firing squad with Hassani's approval.[9] Hassani is quoted as telling an American journalist, "Abraham didn't sacrifice his son, but I did. Even today, I don't regret it."[10] As of January 2014, Hassani had two living wives and came instead Mehdi Ghoreyshi.[11] He has seven sons and four daughters.[10] Hassani died on 21 May 2018 at the age of 90.[12] References1. ^http://chichestnews.ir/wp-content/uploads/chichestnews201.jpg {{S-start}}{{s-off}}{{succession box |2. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1392/06/02/122731/%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%BE%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%85%DB%8C-%D9%88-%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D9%86%DA%98%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D9%87-%DA%86%D9%87-%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84|work=Tasnim News Agency|script-title=fa:نشانهای دولتی در روزهای پایانی خاتمی و احمدینژاد به چهکسانی رسید؟ |trans-title=|language=Persian|date=24 August 2013|access-date=15 April 2016}} 3. ^https://www.khabaronline.ir/detail/778623/provinces/Azarbayjangharbi 4. ^1 "Iran: Top cleric says women without veils must die" | adnkronos.com | 19 December 2009 5. ^"Iranian cleric denounces dog owners" | news.bbc.co.uk | 14 October 2002 6. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/24/world/tehran-journal-dog-lovers-of-iran-beware-growling-ayatollahs.html "Tehran Journal; Dog Lovers of Iran, Beware Growling Ayatollahs"] By Neil MacFarquhar | nytimes.com | 24 August 2001 7. ^"Iran: Tehran Officials Begin Crackdown On Pet Dogs" | referl.org | 14 September 2007 8. ^"The Biography Of Great Martyr Br. Rashid Hasani" | referl.org | 14 September 2008 9. ^1 2 3 "Qarna Massacre Mullah Awarded with ‘Medal of Bravery’ in Iran" {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120325210019/http://www.insideofiran.org/en/section-blog/25-important-news/604-qarna-massacre-mullah-awarded-with-medal-of-bravery-in-iran.html |date=25 March 2012 }} | insideofiran.org | 5 April 2011 10. ^1 2 [https://www.nytimes.com/specials/010100mil-tech-mull.html "Praying for a Century That Is Not the American One"] By John F. Burns | nytimes.com | 1 January 2000 11. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.leader.ir/langs/fa/index.php?p=contentShow&id=11395|title=حجت الاسلام قریشی به امامت جمعه ارومیه و نماینده ولی فقیه در آذربایجان غربی منصوب شد/ تقدیر از مجاهدت و خدمات حجت الاسلام حسنی|publisher=Supreme Leader Website |date= |accessdate=6 August 2015}} 12. ^http://fa.euronews.com/2018/05/21/gholamreza-hasani-former-friday-prayer-imam-of-western-city-of-urmia-in-iran-died-at-91 before=Was not composed| title=Imam Jumu'ah of Urmia and Representative of the Supreme Leader| years= 1980—2014 | after={{flagicon|Iran}}Seyid Mehdi Ghoreishi}}{{S-end}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Hassani, Gholamreza}} 9 : Iranian Azerbaijani grand ayatollahs and clerics|1927 births|2018 deaths|People from Urmia|Iranian Azerbaijani politicians|Deputies of Urmia|Members of the 1st Islamic Consultative Assembly|Representatives of the Supreme Leader in the Provinces of Iran|Recipients of the Order of Courage (Iran) |
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