| 词条 | Irapé Dam |
| 释义 |
| name = Irapé Dam | name_official = Usina Presidente Juscelino Kubitschek | image = | image_size = | image_caption = | image_alt = | location_map = Brazil | location_map_size = | location_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|16|44|15|S|42|34|30|W|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | country = Brazil | location = Berilo/Grão Mogol districts | status = O | purpose = Power | construction_began = 2002 | opening = {{Start date|2006}} | demolished = | cost = R$1 billion (~US$480 million) | owner = | dam_type = Embankment, rock-fill | dam_height = {{convert|208|m|abbr=on}} | dam_height_thalweg = | dam_height_foundation = | dam_length = {{convert|500|m|abbr=on}} | dam_width_crest = | dam_width_base = | dam_volume = {{convert|10300000|m3|abbr=on}} | dam_elevation_crest = {{convert|515.5|m|abbr=on}} | dam_crosses = Jequitinhonha River | spillway_count = | spillway_type = | spillway_capacity = {{convert|6000|m3/s|abbr=on}} | res_name = | res_capacity_total = | res_capacity_active = | res_capacity_inactive= | res_catchment = | res_surface = {{convert|137|km2|abbr=on}} | res_elevation = {{convert|510|m|abbr=on}} | res_max_depth = | res_max_length = | res_max_width = | res_tidal_range = | plant_operator = | plant_commission = 20 July 2006 | plant_decommission = | plant_type = | plant_turbines = 3 × {{convert|120|MW|abbr=on}} Francis-type | plant_capacity = {{convert|360|MW|abbr=on}} {{convert|390|MW|abbr=on}}* (*=max. planned) | plant_annual_gen = | website = | extra = }} Irapé Dam, the tallest dam in Brazil,[1][2][3] is an embankment dam on the Jequitinhonha River in the state of Minas Gerais. It is on the border of Berilo and Grão Mogol districts, about {{convert|26|km}} west of Virgem da Lapa. The dam was constructed between 2002 and 2006 for the purpose of hydroelectric power generation. HistoryIn 1963, the Jequitinhonha River was studied for its hydroelectric potential and the studies were reviewed in 1984. Brazilian power company CEMIG won the bid to build the Irapé Dam in 1998. Construction on the dam began in September 2002 and in September of that year, the power plant was officially renamed Juscelino Kubitschek Power Plant, after the former President of Brazil.[1] The river diversion was complete by April 2003 with two {{convert|14|m|adj=on}} diameter tunnels; one {{convert|1227|m}} in length and the other {{convert|1067|m}}.[1][6] The dam's reservoir began to fill in December 2005[3] and the first of the power plant's generators was commissioned on 20 July 2006.[1] The second generator was commissioned in August and the third in October 2006. At the time of its completion it was the tallest dam in Brazil.[1][2][3][6] DesignThe dam is a rock-fill-type with a height of {{convert|208|m}} and length of {{convert|500|m}}. It is built within a steep canyon just upstream of a bend in the river. Total structural volume amounts to about {{convert|10300000|m3}}. The reservoir created by the dam has a surface area of {{convert|137|km2}}. Controlling overflow are three {{convert|634|m||adj=mid|-long}} spillway tunnels. Each diverts water from the reservoir to the eastern side of a bend in the river. Two of the tunnels are located high above the valley while one is at an intermediate height. Each tunnel has a maximum discharge capacity of {{convert|2000|m3/s}}, making the total maximum discharge capacity of the spillway {{convert|6000|m3/s}}.[4] Juscelino Kubitschek Power PlantJuscelino Kubitschek Power Plant is located at the dam's base and houses three {{convert|120|MW}} Francis turbine-generators for an installed capacity of {{convert|360|MW}}.[5] The generators are rated to operate at {{convert|130|MW}} though, providing a maximum capacity of {{convert|390|MW}}.[1]See also{{stack|{{Portal|Brazil|Water|Renewable energy}}}}
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web |title=Usina Irape |url=http://www.soujequi.com/uploads/7/3/5/1/7351566/irap.pdf |publisher=Soujequi |accessdate=31 August 2012 |language=Portuguese |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105124906/http://www.soujequi.com/uploads/7/3/5/1/7351566/irap.pdf |archivedate=5 November 2013 |df= }} {{DEFAULTSORT:Irape Dam}}2. ^1 {{cite web |title=Irape |url=http://www.cemig.com.br/sites/en/Sustainability/Programs/EnvironmentalPrograms/Irape/Pages/Plant.aspx |publisher=CEMIG |accessdate=31 August 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20121231120723/http://www.cemig.com.br/sites/en/Sustainability/Programs/EnvironmentalPrograms/Irape/Pages/Plant.aspx |archivedate=31 December 2012 |df= }} 3. ^1 2 {{cite conference |last=Martins Calcina |first=Alex |author2=Jânder de Faria Leitão |author3=Reginaldo Araujo Machado |title=Irape Dam – Stress and Strain: Numerical Previsions and Measurement Results|conference=The 1st International Symposium on Rockfill Dams |year=2009 |url=http://www.cbdb.org.br/documentos/china/IRAPE%20DAM%20%20STRESS%20AND%20STRAIN%20NUMERICAL%20PREVISIONS%20AND%20MEASUREMENT%20RESULTS%20_3_%20_3_.pdf}} 4. ^{{cite web |title=Irape Dam |url=http://www.chincold.org.cn/zt/rockfill/newsview-en.asp?s=3179 |publisher=Chinese National Committee on Large Dams |accessdate=31 August 2012 |date=31 August 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231000034/http://www.chincold.org.cn/zt/rockfill/newsview-en.asp?s=3179 |archivedate=31 December 2013 |df= }} 5. ^1 2 {{cite web |title=Hydroelectric Plants in Brazil - Minas Gerais |url=http://www.industcards.com/hydro-brazil-mg.htm |archive-url=https://archive.is/20121209110429/http://www.industcards.com/hydro-brazil-mg.htm |dead-url=yes |archive-date=9 December 2012 |publisher=IndustCards |accessdate=31 August 2012 }} 3 : Dams completed in 2006|Dams in Minas Gerais|Rock-filled dams |
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