| 词条 | It Follows |
| 释义 |
| name = It Follows | image = It Follows (poster).jpg | alt = Retro Poster | caption = Theatrical release poster | director = David Robert Mitchell | producer = {{Plainlist|
}} | writer = David Robert Mitchell | starring = {{Plainlist|
}} | music = Disasterpeace | cinematography = Mike Gioulakis | editing = Julio C. Perez IV | studio = {{Plainlist|
}} | distributor = RADiUS-TWC | released = {{Film date|2014|05|17|Cannes|2015|03|13|United States}} | runtime = 100 minutes[1] | country = United States | language = English | budget = $2 million[2] | gross = $23.3 million[3] }}It Follows is a 2014 American supernatural psychological horror film written and directed by David Robert Mitchell, and starring Maika Monroe, Keir Gilchrist, Daniel Zovatto, Jake Weary, Olivia Luccardi, and Lili Sepe.[4] The film follows a teenage girl named Jay, who is pursued by a supernatural entity after a sexual encounter.[5] The film debuted at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival, and was later purchased by RADiUS-TWC for distribution. After a successful limited release beginning on March 13, 2015, the film had a wide release on March 27, 2015. It received critical acclaim and grossed $23.3 million worldwide. PlotOakland University student Jay goes on a date with her new boyfriend, Hugh. At the movies, Hugh points out a girl whom Jay says she cannot see. Afraid, he asks that they leave. On another date, Hugh and Jay have sex in his car, but afterward he incapacitates Jay with chloroform, and she wakes up tied to a wheelchair in the Packard Plant, where Hugh explains that she will be pursued by an entity that only they can see and that it can take the appearance of any person. If it catches Jay, it will kill her and pursue the previous person to have passed it on: Hugh. After they see a naked woman walking toward them, Hugh drives Jay home and flees. The next day, the police cannot find the naked woman or Hugh, who was living under a false identity. At school, Jay sees an old woman in a hospital gown walking towards her, invisible to others. Jay's sister Kelly and her friends, Paul and Yara, agree to help and spend the night in Jay and Kelly's house. That night someone smashes the kitchen window. Paul investigates but sees no one. Inside the house, Jay sees a disheveled, urinating, half-naked woman walking toward her and runs upstairs to the others, who cannot see the entity. When a tall man, seemingly with no eyes, enters the bedroom, Jay flees the house. Her friends catch up to her at a nearby playground. With the help of their neighbor, Greg, the group discovers Hugh's real name, Jeff Redmond, and trace him to his address. Jeff's mom answers the door, and Jay realizes that the naked woman she had seen coming for her in the Packard Plant was in the form of Mrs. Redmond. Jeff explains that the entity began pursuing him after a one-night stand and that Jay can pass it on by having sex with someone else. Greg drives Jay, Kelly, Yara, and Paul to his family's lake house, and teaches Jay to shoot a revolver. The entity arrives in the form of Yara and attacks Jay on the lakefront. Jay's friends ward it off by breaking a chair over its body, and Jay shoots it in the head, but it recovers unharmed and attacks Jay again, taking the form of a boy who lives next door to Jay. Jay flees in Greg's car, crashes into a cornfield, and wakes up in a hospital with a broken arm. Greg has sex with Jay in the hospital, as he does not believe the entity exists. Days later, Jay sees the entity in the form of Greg walking towards Greg's house. It smashes a window at Greg's house and enters. Jay tries to warn the real Greg by telephone, but he does not answer. She runs into the house and finds the entity in the form of Greg's half-naked mother knocking on his door before it jumps on Greg. Jay sees the entity grinding on a dead Greg, then Jay flees by car and spends the night outdoors. On a beach, Jay sees three young men on a boat. She then undresses and walks into the water. Back home, Jay refuses Paul's offer of sex. The group plans to kill the entity by luring it into a swimming pool and dropping electrical devices into the water. Jay, waiting in the pool, spots the entity and realizes it has taken the appearance of her father. Instead of entering the pool, it throws the devices at her. Firing at an invisible target, Paul accidentally wounds Yara but shoots the entity in the head, causing it to fall into the pool. As it pulls Jay underwater, Paul shoots it again, and Jay escapes. Paul asks Jay if the entity is dead. Jay approaches the pool and sees it filling with blood. Jay and Paul have sex. Afterward, Paul drives past prostitutes in a seedy part of town. Later, Jay and Paul walk down the street holding hands. A figure walks behind them. Cast{{div col}}
Development and productionWriter and director David Robert Mitchell conceived the film based on recurring dreams he had in his youth about being followed: "I didn't use those images for the film, but the basic idea and the feeling I used. From what I understand, it's an anxiety dream. Whatever I was going through at that time, my parents divorced when I was around that age, so I imagine it was something to do with that."[6] The role that sexual transmission plays came later, from Mitchell's desire for something that could transfer between people.[7] Mitchell started writing the film in 2011 while working on a separate film he intended to be his second feature film; however, Mitchell struggled with this would-be second feature and made It Follows as his next film instead.[8] Mitchell realized that the concept he was working on was tough to describe and thus refused to discuss the plot when asked what he was working on, reasoning later, "When you say it out loud, it sounds like the worst thing ever."[7] The film was shot in 2013 in Detroit, Michigan.[9] Mitchell used wide-angle lenses when filming to give the film an expansive look,[9] and cited the works of George Romero and John Carpenter as influences on the film's compositions and visual aesthetic.[6] The film's monster, shot composition, and overall aesthetic were influenced by the work of contemporary photographer Gregory Crewdson. Director of photography Mike Gioulakis said: "We're both big fans of the still photographer Gregory Crewdson and David had him in his look book from day one. [Crewdson's] photographs have the same kind of surreal suburban imagery that we wanted for It Follows."[10] InterpretationsIt Follows has sparked numerous interpretations from film critics in regard to the source of "it" and the film's symbolism.[6] Critics have interpreted the film as a parable about HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections,[11] and the social perceptions thereof; the sexual revolution;[12] and "primal anxieties" about intimacy.[13]Mitchell stated: "I'm not personally that interested in where 'it' comes from. To me, it's dream logic in the sense that they're in a nightmare, and when you're in a nightmare there's no solving the nightmare. Even if you try to solve it."[6] Mitchell said that while Jay "opens herself up to danger through sex, sex is the one way in which she can free herself from that danger ... We're all here for a limited amount of time, and we can't escape our mortality ... but love and sex are two ways in which we can – at least temporarily – push death away".[11] Soundtrack{{Infobox album| name = It Follows (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) | type = soundtrack | artist = Disasterpeace | cover = | alt = | released = {{start date|2015|2|2|df=yes}} | recorded = | venue = | studio = | genre = Electronic | length = 44:43 | label = Editions Milan Music | producer = {{flatlist|
| prev_title = The Floor is Jelly | prev_year = 2014 | next_title = | next_year = }} The score was composed by Rich Vreeland, better known as Disasterpeace.[14][15] It was released on February 2, 2015 over Editions Milan Music with permission of The Weinstein Company with a digital booklet.[16] The digital version of the album went on sale March 10, 2015. ReleaseIt Follows premiered at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival on May 17, 2014. It was released theatrically in France on February 4, 2015, and in the United Kingdom on February 27. It was given a limited release in the United States on March 13[17] and a wide release on March 27[18] in 1,200 theaters.[19] The film also received a limited release on March 27, 2015, in Canada by Mongrel Media.[20]Box officeIt Follows opened in limited theaters on March 13, 2015, in the United States and Canada. It earned $163,453 in its opening weekend from four theaters at an average of $40,863 per theater, making it the best limited opening for a film released in the United States and Canada in 2015.[21]The film made its international debut in the United Kingdom on February 27, 2015, where it earned $573,290 (£371,142) on 190 screens for the #8 position. The following week, the film dropped two spots to #10 with a weekend gross of $346,005 (£229,927) from 240 screens.{{citation needed|date=August 2016}} The film had a domestic gross of $14.7 million and an international gross of $8.6 million for a worldwide total of $23.3 million.[3] Critical responseIt Follows received critical acclaim.[22] On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, it holds a 96% approval rating and a rating average score of 8.1/10, based on 242 reviews. The critical consensus states: "Smart, original, and above all terrifying, It Follows is the rare modern horror film that works on multiple levels – and leaves a lingering sting."[23] On review aggregator website Metacritic, the film has an average rating of 83 out of 100, based on 37 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".[24] On Rotten Tomatoes' aggregation, it was ranked as the sixth most-praised film of the year.[25]Peter Debruge of Variety gave an overall positive review, saying: "Starting off strong before losing its way in the end, this stylish, suspenseful chiller should significantly broaden Mitchell's audience without disappointing his early supporters in the slightest."[26] David Rooney of The Hollywood Reporter said, "Creepy, suspenseful and sustained, this skillfully made lo-fi horror movie plays knowingly with genre tropes and yet never winks at the audience, giving it a refreshing face-value earnestness that makes it all the more gripping."[27] Tim Robey of The Daily Telegraph gave the film five out of five stars and said, "With its marvellously suggestive title and thought-provoking exploration of sex, this indie chiller is a contemporary horror fan's dream come true."[28] Ignatiy Vishnevetsky of The A.V. Club said, "Despite all the fun-to-unpack ideas swirling around Mitchell's premise, this is first and foremost a showcase for his considerable talents as a widescreen visual stylist, which are most apparent in the movie's deftly choreographed, virtuoso 360 degree pans."[29] Mike Pereira of Bloody Disgusting described the film as a "creepy, mesmerizing exercise in minimalist horror" and labelled it "a classical horror masterpiece".[30] Michael Nordine of Vice named It Follows as "the best horror film in years",[31] and critic Mark Frauenfelder called it "the best horror film in over a decade".[32] Possible sequelFollowing the film's success, Radius-TWC co-president Tom Quinn announced that the studio is looking into a possible sequel.[33] Quinn has expressed the idea of flipping the concept of the first film around, with Maika Monroe's Jay or another protagonist going down the chain to find the origin of "it".[34] See also
References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/it-follows-film |title=It Follows (15) |website=British Board of Film Classification |accessdate=December 15, 2014}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cinemablend.com/new/It-Follows-Has-Some-Exciting-Ideas-Sequel-70796.html |title=It Follows Has Some Exciting Ideas For A Sequel |first=Gregory |last=Wakeman |date=2015 |website=CinemaBlend |access-date=November 5, 2016}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://www.the-numbers.com/movie/It-Follows#tab=summary |title=It Follows (2015) |website=The Numbers |accessdate=March 9, 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.indiewire.com/article/cannes-review-it-follows-is-a-teen-horror-movie-like-youve-never-seen-it-before |title=Cannes Review: It Follows Is a Teen Horror Movie Like You've Never Seen It Before |last=Kohn |first=Eric |date=May 24, 2014 |website=IndieWire |accessdate=October 24, 2014}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dreadcentral.com/news/91144/follows-first-clip/ |last=Barton |first=Steve |title=It Follows The First Clip |website=Dread Central |date=February 26, 2015 |accessdate=March 24, 2019}} 6. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |url=https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/a633564/exploring-the-horror-of-it-follows-david-robert-mitchell-interview/ |title=Exploring the horror of 'It Follows': David Robert Mitchell interview |first=Ben |last=Rawson-Jones |date=March 8, 2015 |website=Digital Spy |accessdate=March 27, 2015}} 7. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://www.yahoo.com/movies/the-yahoo-movies-interview-it-follows-director-114138739632.html |title=The Yahoo Movies Interview: It Follows Director David Robert Mitchell on His Surprise Horror Hit |last=Watkins |first=Gwynne |date=March 20, 2015 |website=Yahoo! Movies |accessdate=April 17, 2015}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.avclub.com/article/david-robert-mitchell-his-striking-new-horror-film-216215 |title=David Robert Mitchell on his striking new horror film, 'It Follows' |last=Dowd |first=A. A. |date=March 12, 2015 |website=The A.V Club |accessdate=April 17, 2015}} 9. ^1 {{cite news |url=http://www.austinchronicle.com/daily/screens/2015-03-26/it-follows-goes-everywhere/ |title=It Follows Goes Everywhere |last=Whitaker |first=Richard |date=March 26, 2015 |newspaper=Austin Chronicle |accessdate=March 26, 2015}} 10. ^{{Cite magazine |url=http://filmmakermagazine.com/93629-we-didnt-have-to-add-too-much-creepiness-it-follows-dp-mike-gioulakis/#.VqhjVlMrLMU |title="We Didn't Have to Add Too Much Creepiness": It Follows DP Mike Gioulakis |first=Matt |last=Mulcahey |date=March 31, 2015 |magazine=Filmmaker |access-date=January 27, 2016}} 11. ^1 {{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/feb/21/it-follows-teen-horror-movie |title=It Follows: 'Love and sex are ways we can push death away' |last=Lyne |first=Charlie |date=February 21, 2015 |newspaper=The Guardian |accessdate=March 26, 2015}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.catholicworldreport.com/Blog/3811/pope_paul_vi_makes_a_horror_movie.aspx |title=Pope Paul VI Makes a Horror Movie |last1=Olszyk |first1=Nick |date=April 14, 2015 |website=Catholic World Report |accessdate=April 14, 2015}} 13. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/feb/26/it-follows-review-horror-sex-death |title=It Follows review – sexual dread fuels a modern horror classic |last=Bradshaw |first=Peter |date=February 26, 2015 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=March 24, 2019}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://bloody-disgusting.com/news/3333712/stream-3-tracks-follows-soundtrack/ |title=Stream 3 Tracks From The It Follows Soundtrack |first=Jonathan |last=Barkan |date=February 25, 2015 |website=Bloody Disgusting |access-date=March 24, 2019}} 15. ^{{Cite magazine |url=http://filmmakermagazine.com/people/rich-vreeland/#.VqhlklMrLMU |title=25 New Faces of 2014: Rich Vreeland |magazine=Filmmaker |access-date=January 27, 2016}} 16. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dreadcentral.com/news/91112/follows-listen-three-tracks-disasterpiece/ |title=It Follows – Listen to Three Tracks from Disasterpiece |first=Steve |last=Barton |date=February 25, 2015 |website=Dread Central |accessdate=March 24, 2019}} 17. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dreadcentral.com/news/89720/follows-uk-tv-spot/ |title=It Follows These UK TV Spots |first=Steve |last=Barton |date=February 13, 2015 |website=Dread Central |accessdate=March 24, 2019}} 18. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dreadcentral.com/news/94376/it-follows-opening-wide/ |title=It Follows Opening Wide; See it Friday! |first=Steve |last=Barton |date=March 24, 2015 |website=Dread Central |accessdate=March 24, 2015}} 19. ^{{cite web |url=http://bloody-disgusting.com/news/3337440/weekend-follows-expands-1200-theaters-nationwide/ |title=This Weekend It Follows Expands to 1,200 Theaters Nationwide! |first=Patrick |last=Cooper |date=March 24, 2015 |website=Bloody Disgusting |accessdate=March 24, 2019}} 20. ^{{cite magazine |url=http://www.fangoria.com/new/it-follows-a-critical-analysis/ |title=It Follows: A Critical Analysis |last=Parkin |first=Nigel |date=March 27, 2015 |magazine=Fangoria |accessdate=March 24, 2019 |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402042632/http://www.fangoria.com/new/it-follows-a-critical-analysis/ |archive-date=April 2, 2015}} 21. ^{{cite web |url=http://deadline.com/2015/03/it-follows-box-office-seymour-an-introduction-1201393045/ |title=Audiences Tracking It Follows Closely In 2015's Best Specialty Debut |first=Brian |last=Brooks |date=March 15, 2015 |website=Deadline Hollywood |accessdate=March 16, 2015}} 22. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/uk-box-office-exotic-marigold-778866 |title=U.K. Box Office: 'Exotic Marigold' Sequel Topples 'Fifty Shades' |first=Alex |last=Ritman |date=March 3, 2015 |newspaper=The Hollywood Reporter |accessdate=March 3, 2015}} 23. ^{{Rotten Tomatoes|it_follows}} 24. ^{{metacritic film|it-follows}} 25. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/top/bestofrt/?year=2015 |title=Best of 2015 |website=Rotten Tomatoes |accessdate=6 January 2016}} 26. ^{{cite magazine |url=https://variety.com/2014/film/reviews/cannes-film-review-it-follows-1201194726/ |title=Cannes Film Review: It Follows |first=Peter |last=Debruge |date=May 28, 2014 |magazine=Variety |accessdate=January 12, 2015}} 27. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/follows-film-review-cannes-705174 |title='It Follows': Cannes Review |first=David |last=Rooney |date=May 17, 2014 |newspaper=The Hollywood Reporter |accessdate=January 12, 2015}} 28. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/filmreviews/10839371/Cannes-2014-It-Follows-review-ingenious-and-scalp-prickingly-scary.html |title=It Follows, review: 'tender, ingenious and scalp-prickingly scary' |first=Tom |last=Robey |date=May 18, 2014 |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |accessdate=January 12, 2015}} 29. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.avclub.com/article/toronto-2014-day-one-judging-robert-downey-jr-catc-208849 |title=Toronto 2014, Day One: Judging Robert Downey Jr., catching up with Locarno and Cannes |first=Ignatiy |last=Vishnevetsky |date=September 5, 2014 |website=The A.V. Club |accessdate=January 12, 2015}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=http://bloody-disgusting.com/videos/3333811/follows-clip-explains-sexual-stalker-curse/ |title=It Follows Clip Explains Sexual Stalker Curse |first=Brad |last=Miska |date=February 26, 2015 |website=Bloody Disgusting |access-date=March 24, 2019}} 31. ^{{cite magazine |url=https://www.vice.com/read/it-follows-is-the-new-horror-movie-about-a-sexually-transmitted-monster-456 |title='It Follows' Is the Best Horror Film in Years |first=Michael |last=Nordine |date=March 4, 2015 |magazine=Vice |access-date=March 24, 2019}} 32. ^{{cite web |url=http://boingboing.net/2015/03/16/why-it-follows-is-the-best.html |title=Why "It Follows" is the best horror movie in over a decade |first=Mark |last=Frauenfelder |date=March 16, 2015 |website=Boing Boing |access-date=March 24, 2019}} 33. ^{{cite web |url=http://bloody-disgusting.com/news/3339306/radius-twc-wants-it-follows-sequel/ |title=Radius-TWC Wants An It Follows Sequel |last=Miska |first=Brad |date=April 8, 2015 |website=Bloody Disgusting |accessdate=April 8, 2015}} 34. ^{{cite magazine |title=It Follows sequel could take story in the other direction |url=http://www.ew.com/article/2015/04/08/it-follows-sequel |last=Sullivan |first=Kevin P. |date=April 8, 2015 |magazine=Entertainment Weekly |accessdate=April 8, 2015}} External links
19 : 2014 films|2014 horror films|2010s independent films|2010s monster movies|2010s psychological horror films|2010s supernatural films|2010s teen horror films|American films|American independent films|American monster movies|American psychological horror films|American supernatural horror films|American teen horror films|English-language films|Films about shapeshifting|Films set in Michigan|Films shot in Michigan|Juvenile sexuality in films|Films shot in Detroit |
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