“Rutin”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Rutin, also called rutoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and sophorin, is the glycoside combining the flavonol quercetin and the disaccharide rutinose (α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranose). It is a citrus flavonoid found in a wide variety of plants including citrus fruit.

Occurrences

Rutin is one of the phenolic compounds found in the invasive plant species Carpobrotus edulis and contributes to the antibacterial^[3] properties of the plant.

Its name comes from the name of Ruta graveolens, a plant that also contains rutin.

Metabolism

The enzyme quercitrinase can be found in Aspergillus flavus.^[4] It is an enzyme in the rutin catabolic pathway.^[5]

In food

Rutin is a citrus flavonoid glycoside found in many plants including buckwheat,^[6] the leaves and petioles of Rheum species, and asparagus. Tartary buckwheat seeds have been found to contain more rutin (about 0.8–1.7% dry weight) than common buckwheat seeds (0.01% dry weight).^[6] Rutin is one of the primary flavonols found in 'clingstone' peaches.^[7] It is also found in green tea infusions.^[8]

Research

Rutin (rutoside or rutinoside)^[10] and other dietary flavonols are under preliminary clinical research for their potential biological effects, such as in reducing post-thrombotic syndrome, venous insufficiency, or endothelial dysfunction, but there was no high-quality evidence for their safe and effective uses as of 2016.^[10]^[11]{{Update inline|reason=Updated version https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30406640|date = December 2018}}^[12] As a flavonol among similar flavonoids, rutin has low bioavailability due to poor absorption, high metabolism, and rapid excretion that collectively make its potential for use as a therapeutic agent limited.^[10]

References

1. ^Merck Index, 12th Edition, 8456
2. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Krewson CF, Naghski J | title = Some physical properties of rutin | journal = Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. American Pharmaceutical Association | volume = 41 | issue = 11 | pages = 582–7 | date = Nov 1952 | pmid = 12999623 | doi = 10.1002/jps.3030411106 }}
3. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = van der Watt E, Pretorius JC | year = 2001 | title = Purification and identification of active antibacterial components in Carpobrotusedulis L. | url = | journal = Journal of Ethnopharmacology | volume = 76 | issue = 1| pages = 87–91 | doi = 10.1016/S0378-8741(01)00197-0 | pmid=11378287}}
4. ^quercitrinase on www.brenda-enzymes.org
5. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Tranchimand S, Brouant P, Iacazio G | title = The rutin catabolic pathway with special emphasis on quercetinase | journal = Biodegradation | volume = 21 | issue = 6 | pages = 833–59 | date = Nov 2010 | pmid = 20419500 | doi = 10.1007/s10532-010-9359-7 }}
6. ^¹{{cite journal | vauthors = Kreft S, Knapp M, Kreft I | title = Extraction of rutin from buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentumMoench) seeds and determination by capillary electrophoresis | journal = Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry | volume = 47 | issue = 11 | pages = 4649–52 | date = Nov 1999 | pmid = 10552865 | doi = 10.1021/jf990186p }}
7. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Chang S, Tan C, Frankel EN, Barrett DM | title = Low-density lipoprotein antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds and polyphenol oxidase activity in selected clingstone peach cultivars | journal = Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry | volume = 48 | issue = 2 | pages = 147–51 | date = Feb 2000 | pmid = 10691607 | doi = 10.1021/jf9904564 }}
8. ^{{cite journal | vauthors = Malagutti AR, Zuin V, Cavalheiro ÉT, Henrique Mazo L | year = 2006 | title = Determination of Rutin in Green Tea Infusions Using Square‐Wave Voltammetry with a Rigid Carbon‐Polyurethane Composite Electrode | url = | journal = Electroanalysis | volume = 18 | issue = 10| pages = 1028–1034 | doi = 10.1002/elan.200603496 }}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/polyphenol/296|title=foods in which the polyphenol Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside is found|publisher=Phenol-Explorer v 3.6|date=June 2015}}
10. ^¹²{{cite web|url=http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/dietary-factors/phytochemicals/flavonoids|title=Flavonoids|publisher=Micronutrient Information Center, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon|date=November 2015|accessdate=25 February 2018}}
11. ^{{cite journal|pmid=26376212|year=2015|author1=Morling|first1=J. R|title=Rutosides for treatment of post-thrombotic syndrome|journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|issue=9|pages=CD005625|last2=Yeoh|first2=S. E|last3=Kolbach|first3=D. N|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD005625.pub3}}
12. ^{{cite journal|pmid=27048768|year=2016|author1=Martinez-Zapata|first1=M. J|title=Phlebotonics for venous insufficiency|journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|volume=4|pages=CD003229|last2=Vernooij|first2=R. W|last3=Uriona Tuma|first3=S. M|last4=Stein|first4=A. T|last5=Moreno|first5=R. M|last6=Vargas|first6=E|last7=Capellà|first7=D|last8=Bonfill Cosp|first8=X|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD003229.pub3}}

词条	Rutin
释义	Occurrences Metabolism In food Research References External links {{chembox \| Verifiedfields = changed \| Watchedfields = changed \| verifiedrevid = 455039901 \| Name = Rutin \| ImageFile = Rutin structure.svg \| ImageSize = 250px \| ImageName = Rutin \| IUPACName = 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy]-4H-chromen-4-one \| SystematicName = 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-{[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-({[(2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy}methyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy}-4H-chromen-4-one \| OtherNames=Rutoside (INN) Phytomelin Sophorin Birutan Eldrin Birutan Forte Rutin trihydrate Globularicitrin Violaquercitrin Quercetin rutinoside \|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers \| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite\|correct\|CAS}} \| CASNo = 153-18-4 \| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite\|changed\|chemspider}} \| ChemSpiderID = 4444362 \| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite\|changed\|kegg}} \| KEGG = C05625 \| PubChem = 5280805 \| RTECS = VM2975000 \| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite\|correct\|drugbank}} \| DrugBank = DB01698 \| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite\|correct\|FDA}} \| UNII = 5G06TVY3R7 \| SMILES = CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)O)C5=CC(=C(C=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O \| InChI=1S/C27H30O16/c1-8-17(32)20(35)22(37)26(40-8)39-7-15-18(33)21(36)23(38)27(42-15)43-25-19(34)16-13(31)5-10(28)6-14(16)41-24(25)9-2-3-11(29)12(30)4-9/h2-6,8,15,17-18,20-23,26-33,35-38H,7H2,1H3/t8-,15+,17-,18+,20+,21-,22+,23+,26+,27-/m0/s1 \|Section2={{Chembox Properties \| C=27 \| H=30 \| O=16 \| Appearance = Solid \| Density = \| MeltingPtC = 242 \| BoilingPtC = \| Solubility = 12.5 mg/100 mL^[1] 13 mg/100mL^[2] \|Section6={{Chembox Pharmacology \| ATCCode_prefix = C05 \| ATCCode_suffix = CA01 }} \|Section7={{Chembox Hazards \| NFPA-H = 2 \| NFPA-F = 0 \| NFPA-R = 0 }} Rutin, also called rutoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and sophorin, is the glycoside combining the flavonol quercetin and the disaccharide rutinose (α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranose). It is a citrus flavonoid found in a wide variety of plants including citrus fruit. Occurrences Rutin is one of the phenolic compounds found in the invasive plant species Carpobrotus edulis and contributes to the antibacterial^[3] properties of the plant. Its name comes from the name of Ruta graveolens, a plant that also contains rutin. Metabolism The enzyme quercitrinase can be found in Aspergillus flavus.^[4] It is an enzyme in the rutin catabolic pathway.^[5] In food Rutin is a citrus flavonoid glycoside found in many plants including buckwheat,^[6] the leaves and petioles of Rheum species, and asparagus. Tartary buckwheat seeds have been found to contain more rutin (about 0.8–1.7% dry weight) than common buckwheat seeds (0.01% dry weight).^[6] Rutin is one of the primary flavonols found in 'clingstone' peaches.^[7] It is also found in green tea infusions.^[8] Approximate rutin content per 100g of selected foods:^[9] 332 mg Capers, spice 45 mg Olive [Black], raw 36 mg Buckwheat, whole grain flour 23 mg Asparagus, raw 19 mg Black raspberry, raw 11 mg Red raspberry, raw 9 mg Buckwheat, groats, thermally treated 6 mg Buckwheat, refined flour 6 mg Greencurrant 6 mg Plum, fresh 5 mg Blackcurrant, raw 4 mg Blackberry, raw 3 mg Tomato [Cherry], whole, raw 2 mg prune 2 mg Fenugreek, fresh 2 mg Marjoram, dried 2 mg Tea [Black], infusion 1 mg Grape, raisin 1 mg Zucchini, raw 1 mg Apricot, raw 1 mg Tea [Green], infusion 0 mg apple 0 mg redcurrant 0 mg Grape [Green] 0 mg Tomato, whole, raw Research Rutin (rutoside or rutinoside)^[10] and other dietary flavonols are under preliminary clinical research for their potential biological effects, such as in reducing post-thrombotic syndrome, venous insufficiency, or endothelial dysfunction, but there was no high-quality evidence for their safe and effective uses as of 2016.^[10]^[11]{{Update inline\|reason=Updated version https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30406640\|date = December 2018}}^[12] As a flavonol among similar flavonoids, rutin has low bioavailability due to poor absorption, high metabolism, and rapid excretion that collectively make its potential for use as a therapeutic agent limited.^[10] References 1. ^Merck Index, 12th Edition, 8456 2. ^{{cite journal \| vauthors = Krewson CF, Naghski J \| title = Some physical properties of rutin \| journal = Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association. American Pharmaceutical Association \| volume = 41 \| issue = 11 \| pages = 582–7 \| date = Nov 1952 \| pmid = 12999623 \| doi = 10.1002/jps.3030411106 }} 3. ^{{cite journal \| vauthors = van der Watt E, Pretorius JC \| year = 2001 \| title = Purification and identification of active antibacterial components in Carpobrotusedulis L. \| url = \| journal = Journal of Ethnopharmacology \| volume = 76 \| issue = 1\| pages = 87–91 \| doi = 10.1016/S0378-8741(01)00197-0 \| pmid=11378287}} 4. ^quercitrinase on www.brenda-enzymes.org 5. ^{{cite journal \| vauthors = Tranchimand S, Brouant P, Iacazio G \| title = The rutin catabolic pathway with special emphasis on quercetinase \| journal = Biodegradation \| volume = 21 \| issue = 6 \| pages = 833–59 \| date = Nov 2010 \| pmid = 20419500 \| doi = 10.1007/s10532-010-9359-7 }} 6. ^¹{{cite journal \| vauthors = Kreft S, Knapp M, Kreft I \| title = Extraction of rutin from buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentumMoench) seeds and determination by capillary electrophoresis \| journal = Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry \| volume = 47 \| issue = 11 \| pages = 4649–52 \| date = Nov 1999 \| pmid = 10552865 \| doi = 10.1021/jf990186p }} 7. ^{{cite journal \| vauthors = Chang S, Tan C, Frankel EN, Barrett DM \| title = Low-density lipoprotein antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds and polyphenol oxidase activity in selected clingstone peach cultivars \| journal = Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry \| volume = 48 \| issue = 2 \| pages = 147–51 \| date = Feb 2000 \| pmid = 10691607 \| doi = 10.1021/jf9904564 }} 8. ^{{cite journal \| vauthors = Malagutti AR, Zuin V, Cavalheiro ÉT, Henrique Mazo L \| year = 2006 \| title = Determination of Rutin in Green Tea Infusions Using Square‐Wave Voltammetry with a Rigid Carbon‐Polyurethane Composite Electrode \| url = \| journal = Electroanalysis \| volume = 18 \| issue = 10\| pages = 1028–1034 \| doi = 10.1002/elan.200603496 }} 9. ^{{cite web\|url=http://phenol-explorer.eu/contents/polyphenol/296\|title=foods in which the polyphenol Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside is found\|publisher=Phenol-Explorer v 3.6\|date=June 2015}} 10. ^¹²{{cite web\|url=http://lpi.oregonstate.edu/mic/dietary-factors/phytochemicals/flavonoids\|title=Flavonoids\|publisher=Micronutrient Information Center, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon\|date=November 2015\|accessdate=25 February 2018}} 11. ^{{cite journal\|pmid=26376212\|year=2015\|author1=Morling\|first1=J. R\|title=Rutosides for treatment of post-thrombotic syndrome\|journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews\|issue=9\|pages=CD005625\|last2=Yeoh\|first2=S. E\|last3=Kolbach\|first3=D. N\|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD005625.pub3}} 12. ^{{cite journal\|pmid=27048768\|year=2016\|author1=Martinez-Zapata\|first1=M. J\|title=Phlebotonics for venous insufficiency\|journal=Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews\|volume=4\|pages=CD003229\|last2=Vernooij\|first2=R. W\|last3=Uriona Tuma\|first3=S. M\|last4=Stein\|first4=A. T\|last5=Moreno\|first5=R. M\|last6=Vargas\|first6=E\|last7=Capellà\|first7=D\|last8=Bonfill Cosp\|first8=X\|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD003229.pub3}} External links {{Commonscat-inline}} {{Flavonol}}{{Vasoprotectives}} 4 : Quercetin glycosides\|Flavonol rutinosides\|Flavonoid antioxidants\|Polyphenols
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Occurrences

Metabolism

In food

Research

References

External links