| 词条 | Jainism in Southeast Asia |
| 释义 |
Jainism is a minority religion in Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and other Southeast Asian countries. More broadly, the civilisation of India in general has influenced the languages, scripts, calendars, and artistic aspects of these people and nations. HistoryThere are references in Jain texts to various areas of Southeast Asia.[1] During the reign of Samprati, Jain teachers were sent to various Southeast Asian countries.[2] Prominent Jains (e.g., Jain monk Kshullaka Prayatna Sagar[3]) from India have visited South East Asia for the purpose of representing Jainism, guiding the local Jain community and interacting with the members of other religious faiths, notably Buddhism. RegionsBurmaThe Jain Agamas refer to Southeast Asia as Suvarnabhumi. Kalakacharya, a Jain monk, is said to have visited Burma.[1] About 5000 Jain families lived in Burma before World War II. Almost all of the families have now left.[4] There are three or four Jain families and a Jain temple in Yangon.[5][6] It was built with romanesque architecture and is located on 29th Street in Latha Township in Old Rangoon.[7] The Yangon Heritage Trust has been lobbying to preserve this temple, along with other prominent landmarks of Old Rangoon.[8] CambodiaThere is no evidence of Jainism in Cambodia.[9] IndonesiaA small Jain community exists in Indonesia. The community organises various Jain festivals in Jakarta. The community organisation is called Jain Social Group, Indonesia.[10] LaosThere is no presence of Jainism in Laos. MalaysiaThere are about 2,500 Jains in Malaysia. It is believed some of them came to Malacca in the 15th or 16th century.[11] The first Jain temple in Malaysia is located at Ipoh, Perak and was consecrated in 2012.[12][13] There is also a Jain temple in Kuala Lumpur.[14] The temple is located in the Bangsar locality of Kuala Lumpur and was built using 4000 kilograms of marble from India.[15] Malaysia's Human Resources Minister Subramaniam Sathasivam was present during the inauguration of the temple in 2011.[16] The Jain community actively celebrates Jain festivals like Paryushan.[17] The PhilippinesThere is no presence of Jainism in the Philippines. Singapore{{Main|Jainism in Singapore}}Jains have been settled in Singapore since just before the First World War (1910 – 1914).[18] As of 2006, there were 1,000 Jains in Singapore.[19] ThailandHistorically, Jain monks took Jain images to Thailand via Sri Lanka. A nude Jain image is worshipped as an image of Buddha at Chiangmai.[20] However, due to a rigid emphasis on austerity, Jainism did not take root in Thailand.[20] As of 2011, there are about 600 Jain families in Thailand, mainly in Bangkok.[21][22] The Jain community in Thailand in not united, unlike the Jain communities in Singapore, the United States, and some other countries. Separate Jain temples exist for the Digambara and the Svetmabara Jain communities.[23] The Digambar Jain Foundation was established in 2007.[24] The Jain community also sponsors local Thai PhD students to pursue higher studies in Jainism.[25] Some restaurants in Thailand serve Jain food.[26][27] A majority of the diamond cutting and polishing business in Bangkok is handled by the Jain community.[28] VietnamThere is no presence of Jainism in Vietnam. See also{{portal|Jainism}}
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://jainsamaj.org/rpg_site/literature2.php?id=658&cat=42 |title=on www.jainsamaj.org ( Jainism, Ahimsa News, Religion, Non-Violence, Culture, Vegetarianism, Meditation, India. ) |publisher=Jainsamaj.org |date= |accessdate=29 September 2013}} 2. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MDBpq23-0QoC&pg=PA141&dq=thailand+jain+temple+-wikimapia+-facebook&hl=en&sa=X&ei=wAwBU_CmK4zm0wGvwYFI&ved=0CFoQ6AEwCQ#v=snippet&q=thailand&f=false |title=Framing the Jina: Narratives of Icons and Idols in Jain History - John Cort - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date=16 November 2009 |accessdate=16 February 2014}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/multimedia/vdo/thailand/288396/no-pain-no-jain |title=No Pain, No Jain | Bangkok Post: multimedia |publisher=Bangkok Post |date= |accessdate=29 September 2013}} 4. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GPN1AAAAMAAJ&q=jain+temple+rangoon&dq=jain+temple+rangoon&hl=en&sa=X&ei=UNcIU-jVHamI1AHy9oCACA&ved=0CFEQ6AEwBw |title=Motiba's tattoos: a granddaughter's journey into her Indian family's past - Mira Kamdar - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=22 February 2014}} 5. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/26/yangon-myanmar-a-city-tha_n_1627630.html |title=Yangon, Myanmar: A 'City That Captured Time' (PHOTOS) |publisher=Huffingtonpost.com |date= 26 June 2012|accessdate=29 September 2013}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jaina.org/?page=Convention2009 |title=Jain Diaspora Convention(JDC) 2009 - JAINA-JainLink |publisher=Jaina.org |date=2 July 2009 |accessdate=29 September 2013}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://dreamofacity.com/2013/01/24/a-stroll-through-old-rangoon/ |title=A Stroll through Old Rangoon |publisher=Dream Of A City |date=24 January 2013 |accessdate=22 February 2014}} 8. ^{{cite news|last=Brady |first=Brendan |url=http://world.time.com/2012/08/13/as-rangoon-races-forward-a-push-to-preserve-its-architectural-past/ |title=Burma: Progress Puts Rangoon’s Architectural Past at Risk | TIME.com |publisher=World.time.com |date=13 August 2012 |accessdate=22 February 2014}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jainsamaj.org/magazines/ahimsatimesshow.php?id=93 |title=Jainism Ahimsa News Religious Non-Violence Celebrities Literature Philosophy Matrimonial Institutions |publisher=Jainsamaj.org |date= |accessdate=29 September 2013}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.herenow4u.net/index.php?id=66176 |title=Magazine | Locations | Indonesia | Jakarta | Jain Social Group Indonesia Organized The 1st Event Of Kshama Yachana At Sadhu Vasvani Center, Jakarta |publisher=Herenow4u.net |date=29 November 2012 |accessdate=29 September 2013}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jainsamaj.org/rpg_site/literature2.php?id=2702&cat=40 |title=on www.jainsamaj.org ( Jainism, Ahimsa News, Religion, Non-Violence, Culture, Vegetarianism, Meditation, India. ) |publisher=Jainsamaj.org |date= |accessdate=29 September 2013}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jainheritagecentres.com/abroad/malaysia.htm |title=Jain Heritage Centre - Jainism Abroad - Malaysia |publisher=Jainheritagecentres.com |date= |accessdate=29 September 2013}} 13. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2hHWAAAAMAAJ&q=ipoh+jain+temple&dq=ipoh+jain+temple&hl=en&sa=X&ei=gNhHUuv1AcHi4AOq0oGwCg&ved=0CC0Q6AEwAA |title=Jain temples in India and around the world - Laxmi Mall Singhvi, Tarun Chopra - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=29 September 2013}} 14. ^{{cite web|author=chandaram dewasi pujari says: |url=http://www.chakranews.com/new-jain-temple-in-kuala-lampur-malaysia/1796 |title=New Jain Temple in Kuala Lampur, Malaysia |publisher=The Chakra News |date=17 November 2011 |accessdate=29 September 2013}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/story.aspx/?file=%2f2011%2f11%2f13%2fnation%2f9896042&sec=nation |title=Archives | The Star Online |publisher=Thestar.com.my |date=13 November 2011 |accessdate=16 February 2014}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.namnewsnetwork.org/v3/read.php?id=MTc2MTA3 |title=Malaysian Minister Subramaniam: Agencies Which "Recycle" Maids Will Have Their Licence Revoked Immediately |publisher=Nam News Network |date=12 November 2011 |accessdate=16 February 2014}} 17. ^{{cite web|last=Chavan |first=Mahavir S. |url=http://jainsamachar.blogspot.com/2009/08/gujaratis-in-malysia-fast-during.html |title=Jain News: Gujaratis in Malysia fast during Paryushan |publisher=Jainsamachar.blogspot.com |date=27 August 2009 |accessdate=29 September 2013}} {{unreliable source?|date=October 2015}} 18. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.sjrs.org.sg/?page_id=25 | title=History of Jainism in Singapore | accessdate=24 March 2012}} 19. ^{{cite web | url=http://pluralism.org/news/view/12861 | title=Jainism Joins National Inter-Faith Organization (Singapore) | accessdate=13 January 2011}} 20. ^1 {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JsRmJrqo5qQC&pg=PA33&dq=jainism+thailand&hl=en&sa=X&ei=9AMBU_XnLYHh0QHU-oF4&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=jainism%20thailand&f=false |title=Sri Lanka Past and Present - L. R. Reddy - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=16 February 2014}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.herenow4u.net/index.php?id=78056 |title=Magazine | Locations | Thailand | Bangkok | Shri Digamber Jain Samaj ►Bangkok, Thailand |publisher=Herenow4u.net |date= |accessdate=29 September 2013}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.isjs.in/node/23 |title=Report ISSJS2009 Bangkok | International School for Jain Studies |publisher=Isjs.in |date=1 June 2008 |accessdate=29 September 2013}} 23. ^{{cite web|author=Anuj Jain |url=http://www.djfmandir.blogspot.com/ |title=Digamber Jain Mandir- Bangkok,Thailand |publisher=Djfmandir.blogspot.com |date=20 April 2008 |accessdate=29 September 2013}} {{unreliable source?|date=October 2015}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.indianembassy.in.th/relationpages.php?id=114 |title=Indian Associations - Embassy of India,Bangkok - Thailand |publisher=Indianembassy.in.th |date=31 May 2013 |accessdate=29 September 2013}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thaindian.com/indian-associations/shri-digamber-jain-samaj-bangkok-4405.html |title=Indians in Thailand - Shri Digamber Jain Samaj, Bangkok |publisher=Thaindian.com |date= |accessdate=29 September 2013}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.chiangmainews.com/ecmn/viewfa.php?id=3924 |title=Chiang Mai Citylife: This is Thailand |publisher=Chiangmainews.com |date=12 December 2013 |accessdate=16 February 2014}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.phuket.com/magazine/baluchi.htm |title=Baluchi Restaurant - Phuket - Patong Beach Restaurants & Dining |publisher=Phuket |date= |accessdate=16 February 2014}} 28. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h0tnSn_bVXAC&pg=PA163&dq=jain+bangkok&hl=en&sa=X&ei=wBABU9b6KufI0AHt1YAQ&ved=0CFwQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=jain%20bangkok&f=false |title=Inside Knowledge: Streetwise in Asia - Michael Backman - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date=16 June 2005 |accessdate=16 February 2014}} External links
2 : Jainism in Asia|Religion in Southeast Asia |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。