| 词条 | Kim Won-gyun |
| 释义 |
| name = Kim Won-gyun | image = File:Portrait of composer Kim Won Gyun.jpg | alt = Portrait of Kim Won-gyun | caption = | image_size = | landscape = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date|1917|01|02|df=yes}} | birth_place = Wonsan, Kangwon Province, Korea[1] | baptised = | death_date = {{Death date and age|2002|04|05|1917|01|02|df=yes}} | flourished = | ethnicity = Korean | notable_family = | era = 20th century | list_of_works = }}{{Infobox Korean name | hangul = 김원균 | hanja = {{lang|ko|{{linktext|金|元|均}}}} | rr = Kim Won-gyun | mr = Kim Wŏn'gyun | koreanipa = | context = north | image = | caption = | text = [1][2][3] }}Kim Won-gyun ({{korean|context=north|hangul = 김원균}}; 2 January 1917 – 5 April 2002)[4] was a North Korean composer and politician. He is considered one of the most prominent,[6] if not the most celebrated,[5] composer of North Korea. He composed "Aegukka" — the national anthem of the country — and "Song of General Kim Il-sung", in addition to revolutionary operas.[6] Career{{Listen| filename =National Anthem of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.ogg | title ="Aegukka" | description ="Aegukka" became the national anthem of North Korea in 1947. | type = music }} In his youth, Kim Won-gyun attended high school but dropped out after three grades.[4] After the liberation of Korea, he wrote his first compositoin: "March of Korea".[7] Before his musical career, Kim had been only "a farmer who just happened to write [the] 'Song of General Kim Il Sung{{' "}}.[5] That was in 1946, very early into the cult of personality of Kim Il-sung; the song was the first work of art that ostensibly mentions Kim Il-sung.[8] After the success of the song, he was asked to compose "Aegukka". As a musician, he was initially self-taught but went to Moscow in order to study there.[9] At some point he attended a music school in Japan.[6] By 1947, when "Aegukka" was adapted as the national anthem,[10] he had risen in status.[5] Other compositions by Kim include: "Democratic Youth March", "Our Supreme Commander", "Glory to the Workers' Party of Korea", "Sunrise on Mt. Paektu", "Steel-stong Ranks Advance", "Song of Great National Unity",[17] "We Rush Forward in Spirit of Chollima", and "Song of Anti-Imperialist Struggle".[11] Kim is credited with contributing to "the creation of the 'Sea of Blood' -type revolutionary operas".[12] It is possible that he worked on the operatic version of Sea of Blood and a symphony based on music from the opera.[13] He is also credited with the opera Chirisan.[14] Kim served as a composer to National Art Theatre.[7] He also became the head of the Central Committee of the Korean Musicians Union in 1954, and would later become the vice-president and president of the Union.[6] He was the president of the Pyongyang University of Music and Dance since 1960. In 1985, he became the general director of the Sea of Blood Opera Troupe.[6][12] He was the North Korean chairman of the Reunification Music Festival in September 1990.[6] He was also the chairman of the National Music Committee of Korea[15] and honorary member of the International Music Council.[16] Besides his musical activities, he was a deputy to the ninth and tenth Supreme People's Assemblies (SPA).[6] Upon his death in 2002, he held the posts of deputy to the SPA and adviser to the Central Committee of the Korean Musicians Union.[30] He received many prizes and honours, including Labour Hero, Merited Artist, People's Artist, recipient of the Order of Kim Il-sung and a Kim Il-sung Prize winner.[6][16] The Pyongyang Conservatory was renamed the Kim Won-gyun Conservatory on 27 June 2006.[6][12] Kim Won-gyun died on 5 April 2002 of heart failure. Kim Jong-il sent a wreath to his bier on the day following his death.[17] Kim Jong-un paid homage to Kim Won-gyun by organizing a concern on the centenary of his birth in 2017.[7] See also{{Portal|Biography|Classical music}}
References1. ^1 {{cite book|author=Yonhap News Agency, Seoul|title=North Korea Handbook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JIlh9nNeadMC&pg=PR39|accessdate=5 July 2015|date=27 December 2002|publisher=M.E. Sharpe|isbn=978-0-7656-3523-5|page=39}} 2. ^{{Cite web | script-title = ko:국가(國歌) | title = Gukka | work = JoongAng Ilbo | accessdate = 5 July 2015 | url = http://nk.joins.com/dic/view.asp?idx=20001221120905 | language = Korean }} 3. ^{{cite book|author=George Ginsburgs|title=Soviet Works on Korea, 1945-1970: Prepared for the Joint Committee on Korean Studies of the American Council of Learned Societies and the Social Science Research Council|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AlDjAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=5 July 2015|year=1974|publisher=University of Southern California Press|page=137}} 4. ^1 {{Cite web| script-title = ko:내나라| trans-title = Kim Won-gyun| work = Naenara| archive-date = 13 August 2009| accessdate = 5 July 2015| url=http://www.kcckp.net/ko/art/artist/index.php?3| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090813223514/http://www.kcckp.net/ko/art/artist/index.php?3| dead-url=yes| language = Korean}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite book|author=Marie Korpe|title=Shoot the Singer!: Music Censorship Today|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-Yc0xnSfS8EC&pg=PA220|accessdate=5 July 2015|date=4 September 2004|publisher=Zed Books|isbn=978-1-84277-505-9|page=220}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite book|author=James E. Hoare|title=Historical Dictionary of Democratic People's Republic of Korea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rh5h4bZgkhEC&pg=PA224|accessdate=5 July 2015|date=13 July 2012|publisher=Scarecrow Press|isbn=978-0-8108-7987-4|page=224}} 7. ^1 2 {{Cite web | title = Kim Won Gyun, World-famous Composer | agency = KCNA | date = 4 May 2018 | archive-date = 17 May 2018 | url = http://www.kcna.co.jp/item/2018/201805/news04/20180504-10ee.html | archive-url = http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:QZfykdgXzsMJ:www.kcna.co.jp/item/2018/201805/news04/20180504-10ee.html }} 8. ^{{cite book|author=Jae-Cheon Lim|title=Leader Symbols and Personality Cult in North Korea: The Leader State|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yswqBwAAQBAJ&pg=PP2|accessdate=5 July 2015|date=24 March 2015|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-56741-7|page=29}} 9. ^{{cite book|last=Portal|first=Jane|title=Art Under Control in North Korea|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zWH05CbG02kC&pg=PA187|accessdate=5 July 2015|date=15 August 2005|publisher=Reaktion Books|isbn=978-1-86189-236-2|pages=92–93}} 10. ^{{cite book|author=IBP, Inc.|title=Korea North Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6W6-CQAAQBAJ&pg=PA18|accessdate=5 July 2015|date=13 April 2015|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=978-1-4330-2780-2|page=18}} 11. ^{{cite web|date=10 March 1997|title=Kim Won Gyun concert|url=http://www.kcna.co.jp/item/1997/9703/news3/10.htm#5|agency=KCNA|access-date=5 July 2015}} 12. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web | title = Famous Musician Kim Won Gyun | agency = KCNA | date = 30 June 2006 | accessdate = 5 July 2015 | url = http://www.kcna.co.jp/item/2006/200607/news07/01.htm#10 }} 13. ^{{cite book|author=Keith Howard|chapter=Dancing for the Eternal President|editor=Annie J. Randall|title=Music, Power, and Politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=22iUAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT178|accessdate=5 July 2015|date=22 December 2004|publisher=Routledge|isbn=1-135-94690-6|pages=130, 178}} 14. ^{{cite web|title=Korea|work=The Great Soviet Encyclopedia|edition=3rd|date=1970–1979|publisher=The Gale Group| accessdate = 5 July 2015|url=http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Korea|via=TheFreeDictionary.com}} 15. ^{{cite book|author=Yonhap News Agency|title=Korea Annual|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F2F9AAAAIAAJ|accessdate=5 July 2015|year=2000|publisher=Yonhap News Agency|page=284}} 16. ^1 {{cite web|title=Composer Living along with Conservatory |date=10 August 2009 |url=http://www.kcna.co.jp/item/2009/200908/news10/20090810-12ee.html |agency=KCNA |access-date=5 July 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012055044/http://www.kcna.co.jp/item/2009/200908/news10/20090810-12ee.html |archivedate=12 October 2014 |df= }} 17. ^1 {{Cite web | title = Kim Won Gyun passed away | agency = KCNA | date = 6 April 2002 | accessdate = 5 July 2015 | url = http://www.kcna.co.jp/item/2002/200204/news04/06.htm#9 }} Further reading{{refbegin}}
External links
12 : 1917 births|2002 deaths|20th-century classical composers|Members of the Supreme People's Assembly|North Korean composers|North Korean opera composers|People from Wonsan|Recipients of the Order of Kim Il-sung|Male classical composers|Place of death missing|National anthem writers|20th-century male musicians |
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