| 词条 | Kuvi language | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Kuvi | altname = Kuwi, Kuvinga, Kond, Khondi, Jatapu | states = India | region = Orissa, Andhra Pradesh | ethnicity = Khonds | speakers = 155,548 | date = 2011 census | ref = [1] | familycolor = Dravidian | fam2 = South-Central | fam3 = Gondi–Kui | fam4 = Kuvi–Kui | iso3 = kxv | glotto = kuvi1243 | glottorefname = Kuvi }} Kuvi is a South-Central Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Odisha. The language is one of two spoken by the Khonds, with the other being the closely related and more dominant Kui language. According to the 2011 Indian census, there are around 155,000 speakers. The orthography is the Oriya script. The grammatical structure of this language is comparable to other similar languages such as Kui which all fall under the classification of a Dravidian language. Background informationAccording to a study regarding population structure of tribal populations in central India, information was collected from the Koraput district of Odisha about the Kuvi Khonds. There were 325,144 people in the district according to the 1971 census. The Kuvi Khond are agriculturalists, and their physical appearance is similar to other Khond groups.[2] PhonologyWithin a study done by A.G. Fitzgerald and F. V. P. Schulze, they spent some time interrogating Kuvi speakers in Araku in Andhra Pradesh. Their information came from a village called Sunkarametta. They also went to Gudari to study the Kuttiya dialect of Kui, and found a Kuvi speaker. It was found that the speakers location influenced their speech. The Kuvi speaker described himself as a Parja Kandh, so some of his dialect is abbreviated by P, while the dialect studied at Araku was indicated by Su. The following vowels and consonants are necessary for the language.[3]
All vowels have short and long forms.
GrammarAll Central Dravidian languages are unified in gender and number distinctions. There is the distinction of masculine vs non-masculine (or feminine and non human) both in singular and plural. There is a simplex negative tense consisting of verb base + negative suffix + personal ending present in all Dravidian languages.[4]
Kuvi language also contains a past negative tense with the structure- verb base + negative suffix + past suffix + personal ending.
Past tense [5]
Present tense [5]
See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language_MTs.html|title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date=2018-07-05}} 2. ^DAS, K., MALHOTRA, K., MUKHERJEE, B., WALTER, H., MAJUMDER, P., & PAPIHA, S. (1996). Population Structure and Genetic Differentiation among 16 Tribal Populations of Central India. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/41465514 Human Biology], 68(5), 679-705. 3. ^BURROW, T., & BHATTACHARYA, S. (1963). NOTES ON KUVI WITH A SHORT VOCABULARY. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/24646681 Indo-Iranian Journal], 6(3/4), 231-289. 4. ^Krishnamurti, B. (2005). M. B. Emeneau, 1904-2005. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/20064422 Journal of the American Oriental Society], 125(4), 481-497. 5. ^1 {{Cite book|title=A grammar of the Kuvi language: with copious examples|last=Schulze|first=F. V. P.|publisher=University of California Libraries|year=1911|isbn=978-1-333-47162-0|location=|pages=12|quote=|via=Archive.org}} Further reading
2 : Dravidian languages|Endangered Indian languages |
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