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| 释义 |
| name = Groupe Auchan SA | logo = Auchan.svg | logo_size = 200px | type = Private company, SA | foundation = {{start date and age|1961}} Roubaix, France | location_city = Croix, Lille Métropole | location_country = France | founder = Gérard Mulliez | locations = 3,051 | area_served = Worldwide | key_people = Vianney Mulliez, Chairman Thierry Mulliez, Vice-Chairman | industry = Retailing | products = Discount store, electronics specialty, hypermarket, supercenter, supermarket, superstore, other specialty | revenue = {{profit}} {{Euro|44.373|link=yes}} billion (2011)[1] | operating_income = {{profit}} {{euro|1.283}} billion (2011)[1] | net_income = {{profit}} {{euro|857}} million (2011)[1] | assets = {{profit}} {{euro|28.479}} billion (2011)[1] | equity = {{profit}} {{euro|9.286}} billion (2011)[1] | num_employees = 269,000 (2011) | parent = Mulliez Group | subsid = | homepage = {{URL|http://www.auchandirect.fr/Accueil}} | footnotes = }} Groupe Auchan SA ({{IPA-fr|oʃɑ̃}}) is a French international retail group and multinational corporation headquartered in Croix, France.[2] It is one of the world's principal distribution groups (337,900 employees) with a presence in France and 15 countries. The company began when Gérard Mulliez opened his first self-service shop in Roubaix in the district of Hauts-Champs, the pronunciation of which is identical to that of "Auchan".[3] Auchan has branches in France, and internationally in China, Hungary, India, Iraq, Italy, Luxembourg, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Senegal, Spain, Ukraine and Vietnam. Auchan had 639 hypermarkets and 2874 supermarkets around the world. Mulliez familyAuchan SA is controlled by the Mulliez family, one of the wealthiest in France and in Europe. The Mulliez family has interests in a large number of companies. SloganThe slogan of the company was La Vie, La Vraie, which translates into English as "Life, the real one". The slogan was changed in 2007 to: La vie Auchan, elle change la vie – "Auchan's lifestyle changes life (itself)". Auchan around the world
Notes
‡ — re-branded formerly Real hypermarkets[6] x — branded Alcampo in Spain
ChinaAuchan opened its first store in Shanghai in 1999, and according to the Auchan (China) Investment Co. Ltd. official report in 2009, there are 114 stores opened nationwide in China. Suzhou Jinji Lake store that is located in Suzhou Industrial Park had nine million population during that fiscal year with over four hundred million turnover and became one of the biggest Auchan hypermarkets in the world. Suzhou store expanded in 2008 and is the biggest Auchan Hypermarket in China, the second biggest in the world. Also, Auchan China led to open its online shopping website for the stores in Shanghai and Suzhou. Auchan offers online shopping only in those two cities so far and is opening in Suzhou its first AuchanDrive store, based on its French model (click & go) in May 2012. The AuchanDrive service allows customers to purchase groceries online for home delivery, these locations being examples of online supermarkets in China. Since 2017, a number of unmanned convenience stores, marketed as BingoBox, are being operated by Auchan in China.[7][8] RussiaAuchan (branded as Aшан) has been active on the Russian market since 2002 and had over 100 hypermarkets in the country by December 2016. It's the company's third largest market, after France and China.[9] Revenues for the country reached $5 billion in 2014, ranking third behind the local retailers X5 Retail Group and Magnit.[10] In 2016 it was ranked first in a list of the largest foreign-owned companies by the Russian edition of Forbes.[11] United StatesAuchan previously did business in the United States from 1988 to 2003 as Auchan Hypermarket under its subsidiary, Auchan USA, [12] who was the successor of interest to Texfield Inc.[13] By the time of its closing it was the only French hypermarket chain to still operate American stores, as other hypermarket chains, such as Carrefour and E.Leclerc (under the guise of Leedmark) gave up in the United States market around 1993-1994.[14] The first American Auchan (pronounced by Houstonians as “o-shawn”) store opened in western Houston on October 14, 1988.[15] The {{convert|250000|sqft|sqm|adj=on}} hypermarket was located on a {{convert|31.3|acre|ha|adj=on}} plot of land on Beltway 8, north of U.S. Route 59. The store was one of many hypermarkets to open in the U.S in the late 80's, after Walmart debuted Hypermart USA in December 1987, and Carrefour's Philadelphia store debuted in March 1988.[12] David Kaplan of the Houston Chronicle said "it was fairly unusual and became something of a tourist attraction" when it had first opened, as it was big enough to house lots of small businesses in front, such as a travel agency, a jewelry store, a bank, and a food court containing a Taco Bell, McDonald’s, and Pizza Hut. It also featured a huge cheese selection, a huge beer and wine selection, featuring local breweries such as Celis White, and a bakery, and like most hypermarkets operating in the U.S. in the late ’80s, as well as Aldi, Auchan also made customers use quarters to use the shopping carts, and in order to appeal to Houstonians, it had a huge seafood selection, as well as rodeo wear.[16] Auchan also opened a store in the Chicago suburb of Bridgeview, Illinois, in 1989.[17] It only sold food, and it was not as large as the Houston store. In 1991 the store closed.[16] It was later bought by a local Chicago supermarket chain, Dominick's, and converted into an Omni Superstore by 1991. Auchan's second Greater Houston location opened in southeast Houston in September 2000, in a former Target store, which Auchan heavily renovated (and partially built up on) prior to opening, the most obvious example being the entrances, designed to make it look huge, despite its past as a Target.[15] Kaplan said, "Auchan had solid business its first years, but with only two stores in the country, the company lacked buying power and economy-of-scale advantages."[16] In early January 2003 Auchan announced that both of its U.S. stores were making losses and were going to be closed; Auchan stated that it was instead going to concentrate its expansion in Asia and Europe, and on January 6, 2003, Auchan closed the two money-losing stores, ending all American operations after 15 years.[15] Auchan USA sold its first Houston location to Ho Enterprises. Lewis Food Town occupied about {{convert|110000|sqft|sqm}} of the space, with the rest of the space taken by other tenants, which makes the store a bit like a mini-mall today.[12] Kaplan said that by 2003, "the Houston market is saturated with huge discounters and large grocery stores."[16] In addition, many similar stores, including an H-E-B Food and Drug Store, the Hong Kong Supermarket, a Sam's Club, and a Wal-Mart had opened in proximity to the west Houston Auchan. In Europe, zoning laws would prevent such a high concentration of similar stores. Kaplan further added that "In Europe, shopping malls are not as prevalent as they are in America, and Auchan's everything-under-one-roof concept has greater appeal" in Europe rather than in the United States.[16] The second former Auchan is now used by a local scaffolding company, and was used as a shelter for Hurricane Katrina victims in 2005 and Hurricane Ike victims in 2008 due to its large space.{{citation needed|date=November 2012}}[18] Own-label product brands{{unreferenced section|date=January 2011}}
Divisions
Withdrawn venturesAuchan opened a number of stores in Mexico; the first of these opened in Mexico City in 1997 and eventually grew to five stores. Faced with stiff competition from Wal-Mart, as well as local superstore chains Gigante and Comercial Mexicana, and French rival Carrefour (who also sold their stores and left the country in March 2005), Auchan decided to sell their stores to Comercial Mexicana and withdrew from Mexico in early 2003, most of these stores were to Soriana in 2015. In 1997 Auchan sold its hypermarkets in Thailand to Groupe Casino. In 2007 Auchan sold its Argentine stores to Wal-Mart and withdrew from the country. Following a conflict with its Moroccan partner ONA, Auchan sold its 49% share in August 2007. In January 2011 Auchan dropped out of the Dubai market after just two years.[21] Initial public offeringSun Art Retail Group Ltd., the Chinese hypermarket operator backed by Auchan will go Public in Hong Kong at 15 July 2011 with hope to raise about $1 billion.[22] CriticismBuilding collapse at Savar{{main|2013 Savar building collapse}}On 24 April 2013, the eight-story Rana Plaza commercial building collapsed in Savar, a sub-district near Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. At least 1,127 people died and over 2,438 were injured.[23] The factory housed a number of separate garment factories employing around 5,000 people, several shops, and a bank[24] and manufactured apparel for brands including the Benetton Group, Joe Fresh,[25] The Children's Place, Primark, Monsoon, and DressBarn.[26][27] Of the 29 brands identified as having sourced products from the Rana Plaza factories, only 9 attended meetings held in November 2013 to agree a proposal on compensation to the victims. Several companies refused to sign including Walmart, Carrefour, Mango, Auchan and Kik. The agreement was signed by Primark, Loblaw, Bonmarché and El Corte Ingles.[28] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.groupe-auchan.com/pub-adm-fw3/display/000/507/110/5071101.pdf |title=Financial Report 2011 |publisher=Auchan Group |accessdate=4 August 2012 }}{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 2. ^"Contact {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160430130335/http://www.groupe-auchan.com/en/pied-de-page/contact/?no_cache=1 |date=30 April 2016 }}." Auchan. Retrieved on 24 October 2012. "Groupe Auchan 40, avenue de Flandre – BP 139 59964 Croix Cedex – France" 3. ^Cédric Citrain, "A Cap occitan, on fête les 50 ans d'Auchan", Midi Libre" (Bézier edition),19 January 2011, p3. 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.folletomania.es/catalogos-alcampo |title=Catalogos Alcampo |publisher=FolletoMania |date= |accessdate=11 June 2015}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.centrovolantini.it/volantino-auchan |title=Volantini Auchan |publisher=CentroVolantini |date= |accessdate=24 February 2015}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.zf.ro/companii/auchan-a-cumparat-magazinele-real-din-ece-inclusiv-cele-din-romania-pentru-1-1-miliarde-de-euro-10359963 |title=Auchan a cumpărat magazinele Real din ECE, inclusiv cele din România, pentru 1,1 miliarde de euro|date=30 November 2012|first=Liviu |last=Iancu |publisher=Ziarul Financiar|language=ro}} 7. ^{{cite web|title=Are China's Staff-less Stores a Glimpse into the Future?|url=https://www.thatsmags.com/shenzhen/post/20384/are-china-s-staff-less-stores-a-glimpse-into-the-future|date=26 August 2017|author=Allison Bew}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.china-briefing.com/news/2017/08/15/new-retail-in-china-new-growth-engine-for-the-retail-industry.html|title=New Retail in China: a Growth Engine for the Retail Industry|date=15 August 2017|author=Moliang Jiang}} 9. ^{{cite news|title=French hypermarket chain Auchan stepping up investment in Russia|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/auchan-russia-idUSL5N1E84DZ|work=Reuters|date=13 December 2016|ref=acrobata}} 10. ^{{cite news|title=Russia sends food inspectors into Auchan stores|url=https://www.ft.com/content/78f95178-467d-11e5-b3b2-1672f710807b|accessdate=20 May 2017|work=Ft.com}} 11. ^{{cite news|title=50 крупнейших иностранных компаний в России - 2016|url=http://www.forbes.ru/rating/50-krupneishikh-inostrannykh-kompanii-v-rossii-2016/2016|accessdate=20 May 2017|work=Forbes.ru}} 12. ^1 2 Wollam, Allison. "Food Town to occupy portion of shuttered Auchan hypermarket." Houston Business Journal. Sunday 8 June 2003. Modified on Thursday 5 June 2003. Retrieved on 13 January 2011. 13. ^"NO. 97-1052." ({{webarchive |url=https://www.webcitation.org/6C9hwDWnu?url=http://www.supreme.courts.state.tx.us/historical/1999/jun/971052.pdf |date=14 November 2012 }}) Supreme Court of Texas. Retrieved on 13 November 2012. "AUCHAN USA, INC., SUCCESSOR IN INTEREST TO TEXFIELD, INC., D/B/A AUCHANHYPERMARKET, RESPONDENT" 14. ^"[https://web.archive.org/web/20020608044353/http://www.auchan.com/pages/auchan1_113.html Etats-Unis]." Auchan. 25 May 2002. Retrieved on 13 January 2011. "Aujourd'hui, Auchan est la seule enseigne française d'hypermarchés encore implantée aux Etats- Unis." 15. ^1 2 "Auchan to close Houston hypermarkets." Houston Business Journal. Monday 6 January 2003. Retrieved on 13 January 2011. 16. ^1 2 3 4 Kaplan, David. "Auchan closing local stores to exit U.S. market." Houston Chronicle. 7 January 2003. Retrieved on 13 November 2012. 17. ^{{cite news| url=http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m3092/is_n5_v27/ai_6416073 | work=Discount Store News | title=Auchan chooses Chicago for its 2nd hypermarket | first=Laura | last=Liebeck | year=1988}} 18. ^http://abclocal.go.com/ktrk/story?section=weather/hurricane&id=6407039 19. ^http://www.auchan.ru/en/economic_products{{Dead link|date=October 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 20. ^http://www.auchan.ru/ru/our_marks 21. ^{{cite web|title=Auchan closes its hypermarkert in DragonMart |url=http://www.ameinfo.com/253128.html |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110212224512/http://www.ameinfo.com/253128.html |archivedate=12 February 2011 |df=dmy }} 22. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-06-20/china-s-sun-art-retail-said-to-gauge-demand-for-1-billion-ipo.html | work=Bloomberg | first=Fox | last=Hu | title=Auchan-Backed Sun Art Said to Test Demand for Billion IPO in Hong Kong | date=20 June 2011}} 23. ^{{Citation | title = Bangladesh building collapse: An end to recovery efforts, a promise of a new start | url = http://edition.cnn.com/2013/05/14/world/asia/bangladesh-building-collapse-aftermath/ | last1 = Ahmed| first1 = Saeed | last2 = Lakhani | first2 = Leone | accessdate = 16 December 2013 | work=CNN | date=14 June 2013}} 24. ^{{Cite news | url = https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/apr/24/bangladesh-building-collapse-kills-garment-workers| work = The Guardian | title = Matalan supplier among manufacturers in Bangladesh building collapse | first= Syed | last= Zain Al-Mahmood | accessdate = 21 October 2013 | date = 24 April 2013 | location=London}} 25. ^[https://www.forbes.com/sites/clareoconnor/2013/04/30/extreme-pricing-at-what-cost-retailer-joe-fresh-sends-reps-to-bangladesh-as-death-toll-rises/ 'Extreme Pricing' At What Cost? Retailer Joe Fresh Sends Reps To Bangladesh As Death Toll Rises - Forbes] 26. ^{{Cite news | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/bangladesh/10014778/Bangladesh-building-collapse-kills-at-least-82-in-Dhaka.html | work = The Daily Telegraph | accessdate = 24 April 2013 | date = 24 April 2013 | title = Bangladesh building collapse kills at least 82 in Dhaka| first =Dean | last = Nelson | location=London}} 27. ^{{Cite news | url = https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2013/04/24/bangladesh-building-collapse/2108727/ | work=USA Today | accessdate = 24 April 2013 | date = 24 April 2013 | title = At least 87 dead in Bangladesh building collapse| first = Julhas | last = Alam }} 28. ^{{Citation | title = Buyers' compensation for Rana Plaza victims far from reality | url = http://www.dhakatribune.com/business/2013/nov/17/buyers%E2%80%99-compensation-rana-plaza-victims-far-reality | year = 2013 | author = Ovi, Ibrahim Hossain | accessdate = 16 December 2013 | deadurl = yes | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20160325223918/http://www.dhakatribune.com/business/2013/nov/17/buyers%e2%80%99-compensation-rana-plaza-victims-far-reality | archivedate = 25 March 2016 | df = dmy-all }} External links{{commons category|Auchan}}
14 : Retail companies established in 1961|Retail companies of France|Hypermarkets of France|Supermarkets of Italy|Supermarkets of Poland|Supermarkets of Portugal|Supermarkets of Romania|Supermarkets of Russia|Supermarkets of San Marino|Supermarkets of Ukraine|Supermarkets of China|1961 establishments in France|Multinational companies headquartered in France|French brands |
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