| 词条 | Omid Noorafkan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Omid Noorafkan | image = Omid Noorafkan - Esteghlal-Paykan 20190207.jpg | image_size = | caption = Noorafkan with Esteghlal in 2019 | fullname = Omid Noorafkan | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1997|04|9|df=y}} | birth_place = Rey, Iran | height = 1.82 m | position = Left back / Defensive midfielder | currentclub = Esteghlal (on loan from Charleroi) |clubnumber = 30 | youthyears1 = 2005–2007 | youthclubs1 = Erfan Nasim Shahr | youthyears2 = 2008–2012 | youthclubs2 = Ehsan Rey | youthyears3 = 2012–2015 | youthclubs3 = Esteghlal | years1 = 2015–2018 | clubs1 = Esteghlal | caps1 = 49 | goals1 = 4 | years2 = 2018– | clubs2 = Charleroi | caps2 = 2 | goals2 = 0 | years3 = 2019– | clubs3 = → Esteghlal (loan) | caps3 = 6 | goals3 = 0 |nationalyears1 = 2011–2014 | nationalteam1 = Iran U17 | nationalcaps1 = 5 | nationalgoals1 = 1 | nationalyears2 = 2014–2017 | nationalteam2 = Iran U20 | nationalcaps2 = 13 | nationalgoals2 = 3 | nationalyears3 = 2017– | nationalteam3 = Iran U23 | nationalcaps3 = 5 | nationalgoals3 = 0 | nationalyears4 = 2018– | nationalteam4 = Iran | nationalcaps4 = 1 | nationalgoals4 = 0 | club-update = 9 February 2019 | nationalteam-update = 17 March 2018 }} Omid Noorafkan ({{lang-fa|امید نورافکن}}; born 9 April 1997) is an Iranian professional footballer who currently plays for Iranian club Esteghlal on loan form Charleroi and the Iran national team.[1] He primarily plays as a left back and as a defensive midfielder. Noorafkan started his career with Esteghlal and at the time became the youngest ever player to play a game for the club at the age of 18 years and eight months and 12 days.[2] Noorafkan is an Iranian international, having represented his nation at under-17 and under-20 level. He made his senior international debut in March 2018, aged 20, in a friendly match against Sierra Leone. Club careerEarly careerA native of Rey, Noorafkan started playing football at Ehsan Rey where he played as striker mostly.[2] EsteghlalNoorafkan joined Esteghlal as a youth player in 2012 at the age of 15 and played for their under-19 team. During his time in Esteghlal's Under-19, his position was shifted from striker to left back.[2] 2015–16 season: Debut seasonNoorafkan was promoted to the senior squad before the start of the 2015–16. Due to the absence of Yaghoub Karimi and Meysam Majidi, Esteghlal's coach Parviz Mazloumi decided to play Noorafakan as left back in order to fill their place.[2] He made his first senior appearance on 17 December 2015 at the age 18 years and 271 days in a 1–0 win against Saba Qom making him the youngest ever player to appear in a match for Esteghlal at the time.[3] A record which was broken by Mehdi Ghaedi two seasons later.[4] His impressive performances lead him to become a regular member of the starting eleven during 2015–16 season. He finished the season with 11 appearances playing as a left back.[5] 2016–17 season: First team breakthroughHe was placed in the starting line up for the season opening match against Naft Tehran.[6] However, due to a FIFA imposed transfer ban which lead to Esteghlal's lack of midfield, team manager Alireza Mansourian, tried Noorafkan in his favorite position as a defensive midfielder.[7] The position which he played with Iran U19 as well.[8] Following his stunning display in that role, he secured his place in the team's starting line up. On 27 January 2017, he scored his first professional goal in a 3–2 home win against Paykan.[9] He scored another goal in a 3–0 win against Machine Sazi the following week.[10] Earlier in that match he assisted Ali Ghorbani's goal. On 2 February 2017, he started the AFC Champions League qualifying play-off match against Al Sadd SC which Esteghlal won in a 4–3 penalty shoot-out following a 0–0 draw after extra time.[11][12] On 12 February he played his first Tehran derby against city rivals Persepolis assisting Kaveh Rezaei's goal as Esteghlal won 3–2.[13] Noorafkan was lauded by Iranian media for his display against Persepolis, marking-out creative Attacking midfielder Soroush Rafiei as he played an insignificant role in the match against Esteghlal.[14] On 4 April he had an argument with his teammate, Yaghoub Karimi after being substituted.[15] Due to his behaviour Alireza Mansourian decided to ban him from group training.[16] He was also excluded from the squad to play against Gostaresh Foulad on 4 April.[17] On 7 April he finally got the permission to join the team training with the rest of the squad.[18] He was included in the called up squad for the AFC Champions League match against Lokomotiv Tashkent but he sat on the bench during the match.[19] He returned to the starting line-up in the match against Saba Qom on 15 April which resulted in a 2-1 win for Esteghlal.[20] On 29 April he scored a stunner from outside of the box with his weaker foot, in Esteghlal's 2–1 win against Padideh.[21] He ended the season with 3 goals in 18 appearances in all competition as Esteghlal finished the season in second place in the league, were eliminated in the quarter-finals of the Hazfi Cup by Naft Tehran and qualified from the group stage of Champions League. He signed a contract extension through 2019 with Esteghlal on 16 June 2017.[22] He was named "Persian Gulf Pro League Young Player of the Year" by F.F.I.R.I. at the end of the season.[23] 2017–18 seasonAt the beginning of the season, Noorafkan was banned from playing by the F.F.I.R.I. along with two other Esteghlal players Majid Hosseini and Mehdi Ghaedi as Alireza Mansourian prevented them to join Iran under-23 camp.[24] After missing the first week of the season, the deprivation from the F.F.I.R.I. was finally cancelled on 29 July 2017 and the players were ready to play for the second week of the 2017–18 campaign.[25] He finally made his season debut on 4 August 2017 in a 0–0 draw against Esteghlal Khuzestan.[26] On 8 September 2017, he scored his first goal of the season in a 2–1 win over Gol Gohar in Hazfi Cup.[27] On 20 December 2017, he was introduced as one the "100 Best Young Players to Watch in 2018" by outside of the boot website.[28][29] His first league goal was the game-winning goal in a 2–1 away victory against Naft Tehran on 29 March.[30] He finished the season with 1 goal in 24 appearances in all competition as Esteghlal finished the season in third in the 2017–18 campaign, won the Hazfi Cup and qualified for the quarter-finals of Champions League.[31] CharleroiOn 6 June 2018, Noorafkan signed for Belgian First Division A club Charleroi,[32] for a fee reported to be worth around €250,000.[33] He made his official debut for Charleroi in a 3–2 away win over Genk on 19 August.[34] Return to EsteghlalOn 26 January 2019, Esteghlal re-signed Noorafkan on a six-month loan deal.[35] On 7 February, he made his first league appearance, since leaving Esteghlal in a 4–0 win against Paykan.[36] International careerYouthNoorafkan played five matches for Iran under-17 scoring one goal. Later on, he was called up for Iran under-20 and became a regular member. With the Iranian under-20 team he became the vice-captain and took part at the 2016 AFC U-19 Championship, under manager Amir Hossein Peiravani, playing an important role in Iran's tournament run.[37] After beating Uzbekistan in the Quarter-finals, Iran managed to qualify for the 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup, making their first appearance in World Cup after 16 years having Noorafkan started every match of the tournament.[38] However Iran was knocked out of the competition after losing 5–6 on penalties to Saudi Arabia in Semi-finals.[39] As 2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup coincided with Esteghlal's match in Champions League against Al Ain, Esteghlal's coach Alireza Mansourian was against Noorafkan joining the U20 squad to play in the competition.[40] However, later on, the coach changed his mind and decided to let the player join the U20 squad and captain the side.[41] He made his tournament debut against Costa Rica while wearing the captain armband,[42] as Iran beat their opponent 1–0.[43] It was Iran's first win and the goal was Iran's first goal in the competition after 40 years which was scored by Mehdi Mehdikhani.[44][45] On 24 May, in Iran's second match against Zambia, Noorafkan began the game and managed to be fouled and get a free-kick which was converted by Reza Shekari and get a 2–0 lead. However, Iran couldn't keep the lead as Zambia made a comeback and Iran lost the match 4–2.[46] He also played the full 90 minutes against Portugal which Iran lost 2–1 and was eventually eliminated from the competition.[47] SeniorNoorafkan was called up for the first time for the Iran senior team in August 2017 at the age 20 by coach Carlos Queiroz for Iran's 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifying matches against South Korea and Syria.[48] On 17 March 2018, he made his official debut in a 4–0 victory against Sierra Leone, assisting Mohammad Reza Khanzadeh's goal.[49] In May 2018 he was named in Carlos Queiroz's Preliminary 35-man Iran squad for the 2018 World Cup in Russia.[50] However he did not make the final 23 and was left out of the squad.[51] Personal lifeNoorafkan was raised in Baharestan County in Tehran Province.[52] His parents are from Sarab and he is an Iranian Azari.[53] He is a fan of Germany national football team and Bayern Munich and he idolises Germany's former captain Philipp Lahm.[54][53] Career StatisticsClub{{updated|9 February 2019}} [55]
International{{updated|17 March 2018}}[55]
HonoursEsteghlal
References1. ^https://www.fifa.com/fifa-tournaments/players-coaches/people=403248/index.html 2. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1290084/پدیده-استقلال-تلفن-همراه-نداشت!|title=پدیده استقلال تلفن همراه نداشت!|trans-title=Esteghlal's phenomenon did not have a mobile phone!|language=Persian}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1289941/نور-افکن-جوانترین-بازیکن-تاریخ-استقلال|title= نور افکن جوانترین بازیکن تاریخ لیگ برتر استقلال|language=Persian}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.isna.ir/news/96051509034/قائدی-رکورد-جوان-ترین-بازیکن-تاریخ-استقلال-را-در-لیگ-برتر-شکست|title=قائدی رکورد جوانترین بازیکن تاریخ استقلال را در لیگ برتر شکست|language=Persian}} 5. ^Soccerway stats 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1343864|title= استقلال 1 - نفت 1؛ |language=Persian}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.khabarvarzeshi.com/p/107960|title= امید جدید خط هافبک استقلال|language=Persian}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1339459/تغییر-پست-نورافکن-در-ترکیب-استقلال|title=تغییر پست نورافکن در ترکیب استقلال|trans-title=Noorafkan's position changed in Esteghlal's squad|language=Persian}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1390844|title= استقلال 3 ـ پیکان 2؛ فریاد جوانی|language=Persian}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1392351|title= ماشینسازی 0 - استقلال 3؛ بولدوزر قوی تر از برف و یخ|language=Persian}} 11. ^AFC official match summary 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1393907/استقلال-0(4)-السد-0(3)؛-آبی-بهتر-از-ژاوی|title= استقلال 0(4) - السد 0(3)؛ آبی بهتر از ژاوی|language=Persian}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1395157|title= استقلال3 ـ پرسپولیس2؛ سلفی با شگفتی|language=Persian}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1395314/بچه-19-ساله-علیه-ستاره%E2%80%8Cهای-میلیاردی|title=بچه 19 ساله علیه ستارههای میلیاردی|language=Persian}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.isna.ir/news/96011203033/درگیری-یعقوب-کریمی-و-امید-نورافکن-در-پایان-بازی|title=درگیری یعقوب کریمی و امید نورافکن در پایان بازی|trans-title=Contention between Yaghoub Karimi and Omid Noorafkan at the end of the match|language=Persian}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.tarafdari.com/خبر/674031/با-تصمیم-علیرضا-منصوریان؛-نورافکن-تا-اطلاع-ثانوی-اجازه-تمرین-با-استقلال-را-ندارد|title=با تصمیم علیرضا منصوریان؛ نورافکن تا اطلاع ثانوی اجازه تمرین با استقلال را ندارد|language=Persian}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fartakvarzeshi.ir/بخش-فوتبال-3/57020-نبود-نورافکن-از-دست-دادن-فضای-میانه-میدان|title=نبود نورافکن و از دست دادن فضای میانه میدان|language=Persian}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fcesteghlal.ir/news/item/1731/بازگشت+چشمی،+نورافکن+و+غفوری+به+تمرینات+استقلال|title=بازگشت چشمی، نورافکن و غفوری به تمرینات استقلال|trans-title=Return of Cheshmi, Noorafkan and Ghafouri to Esteghlal's training|language=Persian}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1407986/ترکیب-استقلال-مقابل-لوکوموتیو-ازبکستان|title=ترکیب استقلال مقابل لوکوموتیو ازبکستان|trans-title=Esteghlal's squad against Lokomotiv Tashkent|language=Persian}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1408938/گزارش-زنده؛-استقلال-1-صبا-1|title=استقلال 2 - صبا 1؛ امید آسیایی با امید|language=Persian}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1412108/گزارش-زنده؛-پدیده-1-استقلال-0|title=پدیده 1 - استقلال 2؛ یک سوپر گل برای سکوی دوم|language=Persian}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1422354/نورافکن-قرارداد-خود-با-استقلال-را-تمدید-کرد|title=نورافکن قرارداد خود با استقلال را تمدید کرد|trans-title=Noorafkan renewed his contract with Esteghlal|language=Persian}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1450777/نورافکن-پدیده-فصل-فوتبال-ایران-شد|title=نورافکن پدیده فصل فوتبال ایران شد|trans-title=Noorafkan named Young player of the year|language=Persian}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1428874/محرومیت-3-بازیکن-استقلال-از-هفته-اول-لیگ!|title=محرومیت 3 بازیکن استقلال از هفته اول لیگ|language=Persian}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1450468/محرومیت-سه-بازیکن-استقلال-لغو-شد|title=محرومیت سه بازیکن استقلال لغو شد|language=Persian}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1451851/استقلال-0-اس-خوزستان-0؛-آبی%E2%80%8Cها-شاکی-از-داور-و-دیوار|title= استقلال 0 - استقلال خوزستان 0؛ آبیها شاکی از داور و دیوار |language=Persian}} 27. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.tarafdari.com/خبر/793618/گل-گهر-سیرجان-1-2-استقلال؛-آبی-ها-در-کویر-به-آرامش-رسیدند|title=گل گهر سیرجان 1-2 استقلال؛ آبی ها در کویر به آرامش رسیدند|language=Persian}} 28. ^{{cite news|url=http://outsideoftheboot.com/2017/12/19/100-best-young-players-to-watch-in-2018-part-7-midfielders/|title=100 Best Young Players to Watch in 2018|last = Saemian |first = Sina |accessdate=20 December 2017}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1482234/نورافکن-در-بین-استعداد-جوان-برتر-فوتبال-جهان|title=نورافکن در بین ۱۰۰ استعداد جوان برتر فوتبال جهان|language=Persian}} 30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1513869/گزارش-بازی-نفت-تهران-و-استقلال-تاریخ-1397-1-9|title=نفت تهران 1 - استقلال 2؛ استقلال ملی شد و برد|language=Persian}} 31. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1521638/گزارش-بازی-استقلال-و-خونه-به-خونه-فینال-جام-حذفی-تاریخ-1397-2-13|title=استقلال 1- خونه به خونه 0؛ هفتمین تاجگذاری|date=3 May 2018|accessdate=20 May 2018|publisher=Varzesh3|language=Persian}} 32. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.tarafdari.com/node/993111|title=رسمی؛ امید نورافکن به شارلوا بلژیک پیوست (عکس)|trans-title=Official; Omid Noorafkan joined Charleroi|date=6 June 2018|accessdate=6 June 2018|publisher=Tarafdari|language=Persian}} 33. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dhnet.be/sports/football/mercato/omid-noorafkan-signe-a-charleroi-5b17f48d55326301e77732f2|title=Omid Noorafkan signe à Charleroi|date=6 June 2018|language=French}} 34. ^{{cite news|url= https://www.varzesh3.com/news/1547048/شکست-شارلروا-با-بازیکن-ایرانی|title=شکست شارلروا با ۳ بازیکن ایرانی|trans-title=Charleroi's defeat with three Iranian playerss|date=19 August 2018|accessdate=26 January 2019|publisher=Varzesh 3|language=Persian}} 35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fcesteghlal.ir/news/item/3542/با+اعلام+فتحی؛+امید+نورافکن+با+قراردادی+6+ماه+به+استقلال+پیوست|title=با اعلام فتحی؛ امید نورافکن با قراردادی 6 ماه به استقلال پیوست|trans-title=With Fathi's announcement, Noorafkan joined Esteghlal on a six-month loan deal|publisher=Esteghlal F.C.|date=26 January 2019|accessdate=26 January 2019|language=Persian}} 36. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.varzesh3.com/news/1589947/گزارش-بازی-پیکان-استقلال-تهران-لیگ-برتر-18-11-139705-12-96|title=پیکان 0 - استقلال 4؛ آماده باش تیم پرستاره به لیگ|trans-title= Paykan 0 - Esteghlal 4|date=7 February 2019|accessdate=7 February 2019|publisher=Varzesh3}} 37. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1364888/ترکیب-تیم-ملی-فوتبال-جوانان-مشخص-شد|title= ترکیب تیم ملی فوتبال جوانان مشخص شد|language=Persian}} 38. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1367418/صعود-شیربچه%E2%80%8Cها-به-جام%E2%80%8Cجهانی|title=ایران 2- ازبکستان 0؛ صعود شیر بچهها به جام جهانی|language=Persian}} 39. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1368076/ایران-5-–-عربستان6؛-جوانان-ایران-سوم-آسیا-شدند|title=ایران 5 – عربستان6؛ جوانان ایران سوم آسیا شدند|language=Persian}} 40. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1413128/مخالفت-منصوریان-با-حضور-نورافکن-در-تیم-جوانان|title=مخالفت منصوریان با حضور نورافکن در تیم جوانان|language=Persian}} 41. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1415259/با-تصمیم-منصوریان؛-نورافکن-به-جام-جهانی-می%E2%80%8Cرود|title=با تصمیم منصوریان؛ نورافکن به جام جهانی میرود|language=Persian}} 42. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1416930/ترکیب-11-نفره-جوانان-ایران-مقابل-کاستاریکا|title=ترکیب 11 نفره جوانان ایران مقابل کاستاریکا|language=Persian}} 43. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1416968/ایران-1-کاستاریکا0؛-گل-مهدی%E2%80%8Cخانی-کلید-صعود|title=ایران 1 - کاستاریکا 0 ؛ گل مهدیخانی کلید صعود|language=Persian}} 44. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1417025/دومین-پیروزی-تیم-ملی-در-سومین-حضور|title=دومین پیروزی تیم ملی در سومین حضور |language=Persian}} 45. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1417011/لحظه-ای-که-به-انتظار-چهل-ساله-پایان-داد(عکس)|title=لحظه ای که به انتظار چهل ساله پایان داد(عکس)|language=Persian}} 46. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1417753/ایران-2-زامبیا-4-؛-توفان-آفریقایی-در-10-دقیقه|title= ایران 2 - زامبیا 4 ؛ توفان آفریقایی در 10 دقیقه |language=Persian}} 47. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1418308/ایران-1-پرتغال-2؛-با-دو-ویدئو-چک-حذف-شدیم|title=ایران 1- پرتغال 2؛ با دو ویدئو چک حذف شدیم|language=Persian}} 48. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.varzesh3.com/news/1457092/قدوس-و-نورافکن-اردو-اولی-های-لیست-کی%E2%80%8Cروش|title=قدوس و نورافکن اردو اولی های لیست کیروش|language=Persian}} 49. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.tarafdari.com/خبر/933697/ایران-4-0-سیرالئون؛-تمرین-گلزنی%D9%90-تیم-ملی-مقابل-یک-تیم-محلی|title=ایران 4 - 0 سیرالئون؛ تمرین گلزنیِ تیم ملی مقابل یک تیم محلی|trans-title= Iran 4 - 0 Sierra Leone|publisher= Tarafdari |language=Persian|accessdate=17 March 2018|date=17 March 2018}} 50. ^{{cite web|title= World Cup 2018: All the confirmed squads for this summer's finals in Russia|url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/football/440833652018}} 51. ^{{Cite web |url=http://ifpnews.com/exclusive/carlos-queiroz-names-provisional-iran-squad-for-fifa-world-cup-2018/ |title=Carlos Queiroz Names Provisional Iran Squad for FIFA World Cup 2018 |website=IFPNews.com}} 52. ^{{cite web|url=http://abipooshan.ir/بیوگرافی-امید-نورافکن/|title=بیوگرافی امید نورافکن|trans-title=Omid Noorafkan's Biography|language=Persian}} 53. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.mashreghnews.ir/news/686529/برای-رفتن-به-تمرین-استقلال-چند-کورس-ماشین-سوار-می-شوم-هدفم-رفتن|title=برای رفتن به تمرین استقلال چند کورس ماشین سوار میشوم/ هدفم رفتن به بوندسلیگاست|publisher=mashreghnews.ir|language=Persian}} 54. ^{{cite web|url=http://metafootball.com/fa/news/2016/6/19/384759/امید-نورافکن/|title=امید نورافکن در مصاحبه با "متافوتبال": عاشق لام و تیم ملی آلمان هستم|trans-title=Omid Noorafkan interview with "Metafootball": I love Philipp Lahm and Germany national football team|language=Persian}} 55. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://int.soccerway.com/players/omid-noorafkan/436042/|title=Soccerway stats}}
External links{{Commons category|Omid Noorafkan}}{{Esteghlal F.C. squad}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Noorafkan, Omid}} 13 : 1997 births|Living people|Iranian footballers|Iranian Azerbaijani sportspeople|Association football midfielders|Esteghlal F.C. players|R. Charleroi S.C. players|Persian Gulf Pro League players|Belgian First Division A players|Iran under-20 international footballers|Iranian expatriate footballers|Expatriate footballers in Belgium|People from Rey, Iran |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。