“Outline of fungi”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Outline of fungi

释义

What type of thing are fungi?
Types of fungi
Symbiotic life forms of which fungi are a part
Study of fungi
History of fungi
Fungi-related publications
Persons influential in fungi
See also
References
External links

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to fungi:

Fungi – "Fungi" is plural for "fungus". A fungus is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes unicellular microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as multicellular fungi that produce familiar fruiting forms known as mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, Fungi, which is separate from the other life kingdoms of plants, animals, protists, and bacteria. One difference that places fungi in a different kingdom is that its cell walls contain chitin, unlike the cell walls of plants, bacteria and some protists. Similar to animals, fungi are heterotrophs, that is, they acquire their food by absorbing dissolved molecules, typically by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Growth is their means of mobility, except for spores, which may travel through the air or water (a few of which are flagellated). Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems.

What type of thing are fungi?

Fungi can be described as all of the following:

Life forms – entities that are living.
Kingdom – second highest taxonomic rank of living organisms, just below domain. The kingdom Fungi belongs to the Eukaryota domain.

Types of fungi

By form
- Molds
- Aspergillus (list)
- Fusarium (list)
- Mushrooms
- Agaricus (list)
- Amanita (list)
- Armillaria (list)
- Boletus (list)
- Coprinellus (list)
- Coprinopsis (list)
- Cortinarius (list)
- Entoloma (list)
- Gymnopilus (list)
- Gymnopus (list)
- Hebeloma (list)
- Hygrocybe (list)
- Hygrophorus (list)
- Inocybe (list)
- Lactarius (list)
- Lactifluus (list)
- Lepiota (list)
- Leucoagaricus (list)
- Leccinum (list)
- Marasmius (list)
- Pleurotus (list)
- Yeasts
- Other
- Cyathus (list)
By activity
- Carnivorous fungi
- Pathogenic fungi
- Poisonous fungi
- Poisonous mushrooms
- List of poisonous mushrooms
- List of deadly mushrooms
By aspect
- Bioluminescent fungi
- Deadly fungi
By use
- Medicinal fungi
- Edible fungi
- Edible molds
- Penicillium camemberti – used in the production of Brie cheese and Camembert cheese
- Penicillium glaucum – used in making Gorgonzola cheese
- Penicillium roqueforti – used in making Roquefort cheese, Danish Blue cheese, and also recently Gorgonzola
- Edible mushrooms

Symbiotic life forms of which fungi are a part

Lichen – composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria living among filaments of multiple fungi^[1] in a symbiotic relationship.^[2]^[3] Lichens are classified by the fungal component. Lichen species are given the same scientific name (binomial name) as the fungus species in the lichen. Lichens are being integrated into the classification schemes for fungi.
- Caloplaca (list)
- Cladonia (list)
- Lecanora (list)

Study of fungi

Mycology

Branches of mycology
- Mycotoxicology

History of fungi

History of mycology

Fungi-related publications

Books about fungi

Mycology journals
- Fungal Biology
- Fungal Genetics and Biology
- Medical Mycology
- Mycologia
- Mycological Progress
- Mycoscience
- Mycoses
- Mycotaxon
- Sydowia

Persons influential in fungi

List of mycologists

References

1. ^{{Cite journal|last=Spribille|first=Toby|last2=Tuovinen|first2=Veera|last3=Resl|first3=Philipp|last4=Vanderpool|first4=Dan|last5=Wolinski|first5=Heimo|last6=Aime|first6=M. Catherine|last7=Schneider|first7=Kevin|last8=Stabentheiner|first8=Edith|last9=Toome-Heller|first9=Merje|date=2016-07-21|title=Basidiomycete yeasts in the cortex of ascomycete macrolichens|url=http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2016/07/20/science.aaf8287|journal=Science|language=en|pages=488–492|doi=10.1126/science.aaf8287|issn=0036-8075|pmid=27445309|pmc=5793994|volume=353|issue=6298}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.anbg.gov.au/lichen/what-is-lichen.html|title=What is a lichen?, Australian National Botanical Garden|accessdate=10 October 2014}}
3. ^Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms. University of California Museum of Paleontology.

External links

Tree of Life web project: Fungi
Mushroom Observer ([https://mushroomobserver.org mushroomobserver.org]), a collaborative fungus recording and identification project

4 : {{{2}}}|Outlines|Wikipedia outlines|Fungi

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