| 词条 | St Mary's Church, Twickenham |
| 释义 |
| name = St Mary's Church, Twickenham | image = Twickenham, St Mary's Church - geograph.org.uk - 164928.jpg | caption = St Mary's Church, Twickenham (in 2006) | pushpin map = England | pushpin label position = left | coordinates = {{coord|51.447|N|0.3255|W|display=inline,title}} | location = Church Street, Twickenham, Middlesex, England | country = United Kingdom | denomination = Church of England | previous denomination = Roman Catholic | website = {{URL|stmarytwick.org.uk}} | osgraw = | length = | width = | churchmanship = | province = Canterbury | diocese = London (Kensington Area) | parish = St Mary's, Twickenham | deanery = Hampton | archdeaconry = Middlesex | status = | architect = John James[1] | architectural type = Neo-classical | style = | materials = brick, stone | former name = | groundbreaking = | people = Godfrey Kneller[1] | consecrated date = 1714 | dedication = St Mary the Virgin | vicar = Revd Jeff Hopkin Williams | asstpriest = Revd Dr Piotr Ashwin-Siejkowski | director = Adrian Mumford | warden = Judy Britton Katherine Cox | parishadmin = | embedded = {{infobox designation list | embed = yes | designation1 = Grade II* | designation1_date = 2 September 1952 | designation1_number = 1080852 }} }}St Mary's Church, Twickenham, also known as St Mary the Virgin, Twickenham, is a Grade II* listed Church of England place of worship dedicated to Saint Mary the Virgin in Church Street, Twickenham, Middlesex, England.[2] The parish church stands a short distance from York House and the banks of the River Thames, immediately opposite Eel Pie Island. HistoryThe church stands on the site of an earlier one and incorporates its 15th-century medieval tower. On 9 April 1713 the ancient church's 14th-century nave collapsed. The painter Godfrey Kneller was a churchwarden of St Mary's at the time and was active in the plans for reconstruction in the Neo-classical style by the local architect John James.[1][3] A local resident, Lady Wentworth, wrote a month after the collapse that it had been foreseen by a new vicar, Dr Pratt:[3] {{quote|Dr Pratt had insisted that a tabernakle be erected in the churchyard, prior to the collapse. Soe he preached there and exhorted al to giv thanks for thear great deleverenc for the church not falling when they wear in it, it being then standing. The people all laughed at him, and in a weeks time it fell to the ground, soe all the parish contrebutse to the building of it.[3]}}Inside the 18th-century church some older monuments have survived from the medieval nave, including a brass to Richard Burton, the King's chief cook, and Agnes his wife, dated 1443.[3][9] On 20 June 1721 Dr Pratt baptised at the church "James Shandayes and John Twogood", described as two Indian princes.[4] They were followed in 1747 by Henry Fielding's son William.[5] Hallam Tennyson, son of the poet Alfred, Lord Tennyson, and eventually second Governor-General of Australia, was christened at the church in 1852.[6] The 18th-century nave of the church is in red brick with Tuscan pilasters and pediments. Following the reconstruction of 1713–14, the church was enlarged in 1754 and contains fittings of the same period, including a reredos and gallery fronts. The tower has a ring of eight bells, of which one dates from the early 16th century, three from the 17th and four from the 18th.[7] Extent of parishLike the ancient church on the site, the present one began life as the parish church for the whole of Twickenham. However, housing development in the 19th and 20th centuries led to new parishes being created for several new Church of England churches: Holy Trinity, Twickenham Common (1842), St Philip and St James Church, Whitton (1862), St Stephen's, East Twickenham (1875), All Saints, Twickenham (1914) and All Hallows, Twickenham (1939). As these came into being, the parish of St Mary's became smaller, but it still takes in most of central Twickenham.[7] BurialsSir William Berkeley (1605–1677), Governor of Virginia from 1660 to 1677, was laid to rest in the crypt of the church in 1677, unusually encased in "lead exactly fitted to the shape of the body, shewing the form of the features, hands, feet, and even nails", instead of a coffin.[15] A year later he was joined by the remains of his brother Lord Berkeley, one of the Lords Proprietor of New Jersey. The brothers are commemorated in a memorial window in the present church, under which the ancient crypt survives.[8]Sir Godfrey Kneller died in 1723 and his remains were entombed in the church.[1] The poet Alexander Pope (1688–1744) lies in the church under a stone slab engraved simply with the letter P, near a bronze memorial plate,[9] joining his mother, Edith Pope (1643–1733), who had been buried in the church in 1733.[7] The well-known actress and soprano singer Kitty Clive (1711–1785) was buried in the churchyard in 1785. A plaque to her memory was affixed to the outside wall in the north-east angle of the church chancel.[9] General William Tryon (1729–1788), a soldier who served as governor of the Province of North Carolina (1765–1771) and of the Province of New York (1771–1780) was buried in the churchyard in 1788.[10]At the north-east corner of the church, in the graveyard, are memorials to the tea merchant Thomas Twining (1675–1741) and the actress Kitty Clive (1710–1785).[9] Martha Bruce, Countess of Elgin and Kincardine, former governess of Princess Charlotte of Wales, was buried at St Mary's on 4 July 1810.[11] There is a memorial to timber merchant James Montgomrey’s wife Henrietta (1818–1905) in the church, but both she and her husband were buried at Isleworth Cemetery[12][13] The funeral of Neil Aspinall (1941–2008), head of The Beatles' company Apple Corps and sometimes called "the fifth Beatle", took place at the church in 2008, although Aspinall was buried at Teddington.[14] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 Richard Stuteley Cobbett, Memorials of Twickenham: parochial and topographical (Smith, Elder & Co., 1872), p. 402 2. ^London Borough of Richmond upon Thames: Listed buildings (pdf file) at richmond.gov.uk 3. ^1 2 3 St Mary's Church at twickenham-museum.org.uk, accessed 14 October 2012 4. ^Frederic Chapman, illus. Thomas R. Way, Architectural Remains of Richmond, Twickenham, Kew, Mortlake, and Petersham (The Wildhern Press, 2008 edition, {{ISBN|184830059X}}), p. 65 5. ^Martin C. Battestin, A Henry Fielding Companion (Greenwood, 2000, {{ISBN|031329707X}}), p. 4 6. ^Cecil Y. Lang & Edgar F. Shannon, Jr. (eds.), The Letters of Alfred Lord Tennyson, Volume II: 1851-1870 (Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1987, {{ISBN|978-0674525849}}), p. 47 7. ^1 2 3 SAINT MARY THE VIRGIN, TWICKENHAM at aim25.ac.uk, accessed 20 October 2012 8. ^1 Warren M. Billings, Sir William Berkeley and the Forging of Colonial Virginia (Louisiana State University Press, 2010 edition), p. 268 (footnote) 9. ^1 2 Lynn F. Pearson, Discovering Famous Graves (Shire Discovering vol. 288, 2008, {{ISBN|0747806195}}), p. 82 10. ^Paul David Nelson, William Tryon and the Course of Empire: A Life in British Imperial Service (University of North Carolina Press, 1990, {{ISBN|0807819174}}), p. 181 11. ^George Cokayne, The Complete Peerage, vol. E to G (St Catherine Press, Limited, 1926), p. 43 12. ^B. F. Ronalds, “The Montgomrey Family of Brentford: Timber Merchants and Benefactors” in London’s Industrial Archaeology, volume 16, pp. 57-69 13. ^A. B. Willson, Memorials and Ledgerstones of St Mary’s Church Twickenham 14. ^{{cite news | url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1584285/Yoko-Ono-and-Stella-McCartney-attend-fifth-Beatle-Neil-Aspinalls-funeral.html | title=Yoko Ono and Stella McCartney attend 'fifth Beatle' Neil Aspinall's funeral | work=Daily Telegraph | date=9 April 2008 | accessdate=13 January 2013 | author=Anita Singh | location=London}} Further reading
External links{{Sister project links|wikt=no|commonscat=yes|b=no|n=no|q=no|s=no|v=no|voy=no|species=no|d=Q1441788}}
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