| 词条 | Bakar | |||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Bakar | official_name = Grad Bakar Town of Bakar | settlement_type = Town | image_skyline = | image_caption = | image_shield = | shield_size = | image_flag = | pushpin_map = Croatia | map_caption = Location of Bakar in Croatia | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Croatia}} | subdivision_type1 = County | subdivision_name1 = Primorje-Gorski Kotar County |established_title = Settled |established_date = 1st century |established_title1 = Named |established_date1 = 1288 |established_title2 = Free city |established_date2 = May 13, 1798 |established_title3 = Royal Borough |established_date3 = April 23, 1799 | area_total_km2 = | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | population_as_of = 2011 | population_footnotes = [1] | population_note = | population_total = 8,279 | population_density_km2 = | coordinates = {{coord|45|19|40|N|14|32|10|E|region:HR|display=inline,title}} | elevation_m = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Tomislav Klarić (HDZ) | leader_title1 = City Council | leader_name1 = {{Collapsible list | title = 15 members[2] | frame_style = border: none; padding: 0; | list_style = text-align:left;display:none; | {{Color box|{{Croatian Democratic Union/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} HDZ (10) | _ | {{Color box|{{Social Democratic Party of Croatia/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} SDP-HSU-HSS (3) | _ | {{Color box|{{Independent/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} Independents (1) | _ | {{Color box|{{Independent/meta/color}}|border=darkgray}} Independents (1) }} | timezone = CET | area_code_type = Area code | area_code = 051 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | utc_offset = +1 | timezone_DST = CEST | utc_offset_DST = +2 | website = {{url|http://www.bakar.hr/}} | notes = }} Bakar ({{lang-it|Buccari}}, {{lang-hu|Szádrév}}) is a town in the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County in western Croatia. The population of the town was 8,279 according to the 2011 Croatian census, including 1,473 in the titular settlement.[3] Ninety percent of the population declared themselves Croats by ethnicity. The largest ethnic minority are the Serbs with 2.91% of the population. The old part of Bakar is situated on a hill overlooking the Bay of Bakar. "Bakar" is the Croatian word for copper. Bakar is a port for bulk cargo and used to be known for its industrial complex that included a coke factory, which produced a considerable amount of pollution. Bakar's coke factory was closed in 1995 and the area's pollution has subsided significantly. City villages
Coat of armsBakar was granted its coat of arms and town privileges in 1799 by Empress Maria Theresa. The coat of arms was in the artistic style typical for the period, with a cartouche with large landscapes and ornamentation around the shield within a circular inscription. The shield of the coat of arms features a red-and-white checkered top or "chief", with three local gray stone castles on green hills in the middle, and a black anchor on orange at the bottom. Recognizable buildings
HistoryIn the late 19th and early 20th century, Bakar was a district capital in the Modruš-Rijeka County of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia. World War IIn February 1918 during WW I Gabriele D'Annunzio and Costanzo Ciano took part in a daring, if militarily irrelevant, naval raid on the harbour of Bakar (known in Italy as La beffa di Buccari, lit. "The Bakar Mockery"), helping to raise the spirits of the Italian public. After WWI, from the end of 1920, Bakar was one of the major points of entry of thousands of Russian refugees, arriving in the Kingdom of SHS following the end of the Russian Civil War in the European part of the former Russian Empire, mostly from Crimea, after the final defeat of White armies under general Wrangel there in November 1920. World War IIDuring WW II, in Bakar was an Italian concentration camp, where civil population from Province of Ljubljana,[4] as well as Croats and Serbs was interned. It the peak, there was 893 internees.[5] TriviaIn 1972 director Radley Metzger filmed his movie Score in Bakar, Croatia. References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dzs.hr/Eng/censuses/census2011/results/htm/e01_01_01/e01_01_01_zup08_0043.html|title=Popis stanovništva 2011|language=Croatian|accessdate=30 May 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bakar.hr/lokalni-izbori/item/863-objava-rezultata-izbora-za-gradonacelnika-i-gradsko-vijece-grada-bakra|title=Objava konačnih rezultata|language=Croatian|accessdate=30 May 2017}} 3. ^{{Croatian Census 2011|S|08|0043}} 4. ^Ivanka Zamida: a survivor's testimonial, from 2013 exhibition "The Last Witnesses", National Museum for Contemporary History, Ljubljana 5. ^Bakar concentration camp, Online Research project External links{{Commons category|Bakar}}
4 : Cities and towns in Croatia|Populated coastal places in Croatia|Populated places in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County|Modruš-Rijeka County |
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