| 词条 | Basti district |
| 释义 |
| Name = Basti | State = Uttar Pradesh | Division = Basti | HQ = Basti, Uttar Pradesh|Basti | Map = India Uttar Pradesh districts 2012 Basti.svg | Area = 2688 | Area_footnotes = [1] | Rain = 1166 | Population = 2,464,464[1] | Urban = | Year = 2011 | Density = 917 | Literacy = 67.2 per cent | SexRatio = 963[1] | LocalLanguage = Hindi, Urdu | LokSabha = Basti | Assembly = | Highways = National Highway 28 | Website = http://basti.nic.in/ }}Basti district is one of the districts of Uttar Pradesh state, India, and a part of Basti Division. Basti town is the district headquarters. In the freedom struggle of 1857, about 250 martyrs of Amorha State were hanged by the British Government from peepal trees located at Chhawani.[2][3][4][5] Origin of name and historyBasti came from the original name basisthi, Basisth the great sage ashram situated in this area.[6] Sher Shah Suri made a well and a sarai here and hence receiving the name.{{clarification needed|date=July 2018}} In 1801, the town Basti became a tehsil headquarter, and in 1865, it was chosen as the headquarters of the newly established Basti district of Gorakhpur Commissionary.[7] Amorha Khas is a historical place situated at a distance of 41 km from the district headquarters. Its old name is Amorha, and it was once a province (state) of Raja Zalim Singh. Raja Zalim Singh's Mahal is here, old wall of mahal is still there with the mark of a bullet used by the English. The famous temple Ramrekha Mandir is here. Ramrekha Temple is one of the most ancient Hindu Mandir of Lord Ram and Goddess Sita. Lord Shri Ram stayed here for one day during his journey of Janakpur-Ayodhya. Lord Shri Rama and Sita with Lakshmana journeyed towards Ayodhya by the road called Ram Janki Marg (State Highway 72) near Chhawani.[3][4][5]GeographyThe district lies between the parallels of 26° 23' and 27° 30' North Latitude and 82° 17' and 83° 20' East longitude. Its maximum length from north to south is about 75 km. and breadth from east to west about 70 km. The district lies between newly created district Sant Kabir Nagar on the east and Gonda on the west on the south, the Ghaghra river near Amorha Khas previously known as Amorha Province or State of Raja Zalim Singh separates it from the Faizabad and newly created district Ambedkar Nagar. On the north it is bounded by district Sidharth Nagar.[8][9][10] Demographics{{bar box|title=Religions in Basti District [11] |titlebar=#Fcd116 |left1=Religion |right1=Percent |float=right |bars={{bar percent|Hindus|orange|84.52}}{{bar percent|Muslims|green|14.79}} }} According to the 2011 census, Basti district had a population of 2,464,464, of which only 5.6% lived in urban areas. This ranked it the 178th most populous district in India. The district had a population density of {{convert|917|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}}. Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 18.21%. Basti had a sex ratio of 963 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 67.22%. The child sex ratio of Basti was 922 females for every 1000 males.[11] LanguagesLanguages spoken in the district include Awadhi in western areas and Bhojpuri in the eastern side. The district Basti may be considered as the demarcation of the languages Awadhi and Hindi. In city, due to increase in educated population, khari boli of Hindi is also observed in daily conversations.[12] Indian diasporaDuring the late 1800s some 6,415 people from the district of Basti migrated through the indenture system to the Fiji Islands. A lot stayed and carried their traditions in the then British Colony.[13] EducationThe district follows a usual 10+2+3 pattern of education as elsewhere in India. Some notable schools and institutions of the district are :
AdministrationBasti town is the district headquarters of the district.[6] Basti district, a part of Basti division, is formed of four tehsils: Basti, Harriya, Bhanpur and Rudhauli, and 15 development blocks,[15] 139 Nyay Panchayats, two Parganas named Amorha & Nagar as well as 10 Gram Sabhas. The development blocks included are:
EconomyThe district is noted for its cotton textiles and sugar industries. Cottage industries and small-scale industries including the manufacturing units of brassware, iron and carpentry goods, agricultural implements, bricks, agro-products, foot-wear, soaps, candles, and pottery are present here. Basti is also known for its bamboo, eucalyptus (Eucalyptus teritrornis), mango and shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) populations. Three sugar factories are housed in the district. Sugarcane, maize, paddy, pulses, wheat, barley, and potato are commonly cultivated. The most of the population is depending for their livelihood on agricultural practices. The district is well connected through NH 28 which reflects on its good economy. The city is well connected through railways also. In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Basti one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[23] It is one of the 34 districts in Uttar Pradesh currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[16] City is also known for nationwide youth organisation National Association of Youth founded by Bhavesh Kumar Pandey and run from Basti. [17] The organization organizes Basti Mini Marathon every year since 2012. TransportationBasti railway station lies on the main line connecting Lucknow with Gorakhpur and places in Bihar and Assam in the east passes through the south of the district. The main line has 7 railway stations which are, from east to west, Munderwa,[18] Orwara, Basti, Govindnagar, Tinich, Gaur, and Babhnan within the district. There is a daily Intercity express between Gorakhpur, Basti, Gonda, and Lucknow. National Highway 28, a part of the East West Corridor project of Government of India and NHAI,[19] also passes through Basti. Flora and faunaThe forest cover of the district has dwindled with increasing use of land for agriculture. There are areas with high prevalence of mango (Mangifera indica), mahua (Madhuca longifolia), sal (Shorea robusta), and bamboo (Bambusa arundinacea) trees. Some of the wild animals of the district are the nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus), antelok (Anelok cervicapra), pig (Sus scrofa), wolf (Canis lupus), jackal (Conis aureus), fox (Vulpes bengalensis), hare (Lepus ruficandatus), monkey (Macaca mulatta), wild cat (Felis bengalensis) and the porcupine (Hystric leucura). Several species of game birds are also seen, including the peafowl (Pavo cristatus), the black partridge (Frencolinus francolinus) and the gray partridge (Francalinus pondicervanus). A number of migratory water fowls visit the water bodies of the district in winter, such as the goose (Anser anser), common teal (Anas crecca), red-crested pochard (Netta rufina), white-eyed pochard (Aythya rufa) and the wigeon (Mareca penelope). The cobra (Naja naja), krait (Bungarus caeruleus), and rat-snake (Ptyas mucosus) are commonly found. The Indian crocodile or naka (Crocodylus palustris), and the ghariyal (Gavialis gangeticus) are also found in the river Ghaghra. The common fish species are rohu (Lebeo rohita), bhakur (Catla catla), nain (Cirrhina mrigala), parhin (Wallagonia attu), krunch (Labeo calbasu), and tengan (Mystus seenghala).[6] Notable peopleSome notable persons from the district include:
See also
References1. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://basti.nic.in/|title=District Basti|publisher = National Informatics Centre, Ministry Of Electronics & Information Technology, Government Of India|accessdate=27 October 2018}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://basti.nic.in/Tourist%20gen%20info/placeof%20interest.htm|title=Places of Interest|work=basti.nic.in|accessdate=9 June 2016}} 3. ^1 {{cite book|title=Battles and Honours of the Royal Navy|author=Thomas, D.|date=1998|publisher=Leo Cooper|isbn=9780850526233|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=M9KkAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA16|page=16|accessdate=2017-01-14}} 4. ^1 {{cite book|title=The final settlement report on the Gonda district|author=Benett, W.C.|date=1878|volume=23|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=i6gIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA22|page=22|accessdate=2017-01-14}} 5. ^1 {{cite book|title=Statemaking and Territory in South Asia: Lessons from the Anglo–Gorkha War (1814–1816)|author=Michael, B.A.|date=2014|publisher=Anthem Press|isbn=9781783083220|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=iTKNBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA151|page=151|accessdate=2017-01-14}} 6. ^1 2 {{cite web | url=http://basti.nic.in/ | title=Origin of name | publisher=Basti Govt | accessdate=13 March 2014}} 7. ^http://basti.nic.in/general%20profile/general%20profile.htm 8. ^http://basti.nic.in/general%20profile/Geography%20of%20basti.htm 9. ^{{cite web|url = http://maps.yahoo.com/#mvt=m&lat=26.80351&lon=82.7416&zoom=13&q1=Basti%252C%2520Basti%252C%2520Uttar%2520Pradesh|title = Yahoo maps location of Basti|publisher = Yahoo maps|accessdate = 2009-03-29}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M9KkAwAAQBAJ|title=Battles & Honours of Royal Navy|first=David|last=Thomas|date=17 December 1998|publisher=Pen and Sword|accessdate=25 July 2016|via=Google Books}} 11. ^1 {{cite web |title=Basti District : Census 2011 data |url=https://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/556-basti.html |publisher=census2011.co.in |accessdate=27 October 2018}} 12. ^{{cite encyclopedia | editor = Gopeshwar Tripathi | encyclopedia = Ethnologue: Languages of the World | title = Bhojpuri: A language of India | url = http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=bho | accessdate = 2011-09-30 | edition = 16th | year = 2009 | publisher = SIL International | location = Dallas, Texas}} 13. ^http://girmit.org/?page_id=1242 14. ^Kendriya Vidyalaya 15. ^http://www.jagran.com/uttar-pradesh/basti-15245916.html 16. ^1 {{cite web|author=Ministry of Panchayati Raj |date=8 September 2009 |title=A Note on the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme |publisher=National Institute of Rural Development |url=http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |accessdate=27 September 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120405033402/http://www.nird.org.in/brgf/doc/brgf_BackgroundNote.pdf |archivedate=5 April 2012 |df=dmy }} 17. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.nayindia.org/ | title=NAY | accessdate=18 Jan 2016}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.munderwa.in|title=Welcome - Munderwa|publisher=|accessdate=4 October 2014}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nhai.org/nhdpmain_english.htm |title=Welcome to NHAI |publisher= |accessdate=25 July 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304075250/http://www.nhai.org/nhdpmain_english.htm |archivedate=4 March 2016 |df=dmy }} External links
| Centre = Basti district | North = Siddharthnagar district | Northeast = | East = Sant Kabir Nagar district | Southeast = | South = Ambedkar Nagar district | Southwest = Faizabad district | West = Gonda district | Northwest = }}{{Basti district}}{{Districts of Uttar Pradesh}}{{Coord|27|15|N|83|00|E|region:IN_type:adm2nd|display=title}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Basti District}} 7 : Villages in Basti district|Cities and towns in Basti district|Districts of Uttar Pradesh|Basti district|1865 establishments in India|Districts of India|Articles with Hindi-language external links |
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