| 词条 | Battle of Sandwich (1460) |
| 释义 |
Not to be confused with the Battle of Sandwich (1217).{{Infobox military conflict |conflict= Battle of Sandwich | image= York victory over Lancaster.svg | image_size = 300 |caption= |partof= the Wars of the Roses |date= 15 January 1460 |place= At sea, near Sandwich, Kent |result= Decisive Yorkist victory |combatant1= House of Lancaster |combatant2= House of York |commander1= Richard Woodville, Lord Rivers{{POW}} |commander2= John Dynham |strength1=Unknown |strength2= 800 |casualties1=Unknown |casualties2=Unknown }}{{Campaignbox Wars of the Roses}} The Battle of Sandwich was a naval skirmish off the town of Sandwich on 15 January 1460 during the Wars of the Roses. In it, Sir John Dynham and the Earl of Warwick, Captain of Calais, on the Yorkist side, defeated a Lancastrian fleet and captured several of its ships. Little evidence and few details of the battle survive. BattleEdward, Earl of March and Richard, Earl of Salisbury, had fled to the English stronghold of Calais after their defeat at the Battle of Ludford Bridge.[1]Sent ahead by Warwick, Sir John Dynham found the king's fleet lying at Sandwich. Arriving at dawn, Dynham launched an attack while the king's officers were still in bed.[2] His success was so overwhelming that he "tooke the principall shippes of the Kynge's navie... well furnished with ordinaunce and artillarie".[3] AftermathWith command of the English Channel secured by this battle, a small Yorkist army of about two thousand men landed in Kent from Calais ahead of March and Warwick. Once the town of Sandwich itself had been secured by his forces in June 1460, Warwick landed there with March and Salisbury on 26 June 1460. Having cleared the Channel of French pirates (who had been able to raid the town thanks to the chaos caused in England by the civil war) and having made the coast of Kent safe, Warwick was received in Kent as a hero.[1] Warwick's army soon increased in numbers, joined by many new recruits, and was largely well supported as it proceeded by way of Canterbury and probably Wickhambreaux. The Yorkist commanders had remained popular in Kent, and the officers in charge of protecting the county against them even joined forces with the rebels. The growing army then marched on London, where it arrived on 2 July to be welcomed by William Hulin,[4][5] Lord Mayor of London, and Thomas Bourchier, Archbishop of Canterbury. The Yorkist army then marched towards Northampton to meet Henry VI and his Lancastrian army, and the two forces met at the Battle of Northampton on 10 July.[1] Sources and references1. ^1 2 Michael K. Jones 'Edward IV, the Earl of Warwick and the Yorkist Claim to the Throne', in Historical Research 70: 173 (1997), 342–352 pp. 342-352 {{Wars of the Roses}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Sandwich, Battle of (1460)}}2. ^John Campbell, John Kent, Biographia Nautica (1785), p. 348 3. ^Richard Brooke, Visits to fields of battle, in England, of the fifteenth century (1857), p. 235 4. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=negyAAAAIAAJ|title=The Records of the Honorable Society of Lincoln's Inn: 1776-1845 ; Calls to the bar, 1776 to 1845 ; The site of Lincoln's Inn, by W.P. Baildon ; Maps and plans ; A catalogue of portraits ; List of painters, and engravers ; Catalogue of plate ; The heraldry of Lincoln's Inn ; Appendix|last=England)|first=Lincoln's Inn (London|last2=Roxburgh|first2=Sir Ronald|last3=Baildon|first3=William Paley|last4=Walker|first4=James Douglas|date=1902-01-01|publisher=Lincoln's Inn|language=en}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/london-letter-books/volK/pp392-403|title=Folios 301-313: Nov 1457- {{!}} British History Online|website=www.british-history.ac.uk|access-date=2016-04-10}} 4 : 1460 in England|Battles of the Wars of the Roses|Conflicts in 1460|15th century in Kent |
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