| 词条 | Richard Bryant (psychologist) |
| 释义 |
EducationAfter attending North Sydney Boys High School, Bryant completed his B.A. (Hons) in Psychology at the University of Sydney in 1983; his Master of Clinical Psychology at Macquarie University in 1986; and his Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology at Macquarie University in 1989.[4] He was awarded a Doctor of Science at the University of New South Wales in 2016. He is a Fellow of the Australian Psychological Society, Fellow of the Association for Psychological Science, Fellow of the Australian Academy of Science, Fellow of the Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences, Fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia.[5] CareerIn 1989 Bryant commenced working at Westmead Hospital as a clinical psychologist, responsible for managing trauma and burns patients. In 1993 he established the Traumatic Stress Clinic at Westmead Hospital. In 1995 he joined the School of Psychology at the University of New South Wales as a Lecturer, and was promoted to Professor in 2002. Bryant was appointed a Scientia Professor in 2005.[4] In 2009 he was awarded an inaugural Australian Research Council Laureate Fellowship, and in 2014 a National Health and Medical Research Council Senior Principal Research Fellowship.[6] Bryant has worked on many Australian and international projects aimed at reducing PTSD and other mental health disorders following trauma exposure.[7] These include the 9/11 terrorist attacks in New York, the 2004 Asian tsunami, and Hurricane Katrina. For example, he worked with the Thai Ministry of Health to develop a mental health initiative to manage the effects of the tsunami on mental health.[5] Following Hurricane Katrina he was invited to co-develop a mental health protocol for managing disasters in the USA.[8] Bryant adapted his protocol in the aftermath of the major Black Saturday bushfires in Australia, which government authorities adopted as the mental health response to the disaster.[9] In addition, he served on the American Psychiatric Association's DSM-5 Working Group on Traumatic Stress Disorders and the World Health Organisation's ICD-11 Traumatic Stress Advisory Group to develop the new diagnostic definitions of traumatic stress disorders.[10][11] Traumatic Stress ClinicBryant's Traumatic Stress Clinic, founded in 1993, is a major not-for-profit treatment centre. It has conducted many research activities pertaining to the development, maintenance, and treatment of traumatic stress. It conducts treatment programs for PTSD, Prolonged Grief Disorder, PTSD in emergency service workers (police, fire, and ambulance workers), and PTSD in journalists.[12] Research InterestsAcute Stress DisorderAcute Stress Disorder was a new disorder introduced in 1994 to describe acute traumatic stress in the initial month after trauma that is predictive of chronic PTSD.[13] Bryant is widely recognised as the world's leading expert on acute stress disorder.[8] On the basis of numerous longitudinal research, he has developed the prevailing measurement tools of acute stress disorder, identified many of the biological, cognitive, and behavioural indices of acute stress, and pioneered the major treatment studies of acute stress disorder. His assessment instruments have been translated into over 15 languages, and his treatment protocols are the gold standard for early intervention after trauma.[11]When acute stress disorder was introduced it was argued that its emphasis on dissociative symptoms in the acute phase after truama (such as emotional numbing, dissociative amnesia, and depersonalisation) are strongly predictive of chronic PTSD. Bryant's work challenged the fundamental premise of the initial conceptualisation that dissociative responses shortly after trauma are seminal in predicting PTSD, and this resulted in a major shift in the DSM-5 so that emphasis was not placed on dissociation and acute stress disorder was not intended to predict PTSD. Posttraumatic Stress DisorderBryant has conducted numerous treatment trials on Post-traumatic stress disorder with a focus on cognitive behaviour therapy.[7] In terms of treatment of PTSD, he has also conducted the first studies that showed genetic markers of treatment response, brain regions using functional MRI and structural MRI to predict treatment response, and how cognitive behaviour therapy alters brain function in PTSD patients. He has also conducted seminal studies on the development of PTSD by assessing people prior to trauma and subsequent to the trauma; these studies have mapped core psychophysiological and cognitive risk factors for developing PTSD.[2][14] GriefBryant has conducted some of the first studies into cognitive factors that underpin Prolonged Grief Disorder from normal bereavement, including memory styles, appraisals, and how people imagine their futures. Bryant has also conducted the first studies of different neural circuits between Prolonged Grief Disorder and other psychological conditions.[15] In addition, he conducted a major controlled trial of treating Prolonged Grief Disorder that demonstrated that reliving memories of the loss is critical to optimising treatment response. Global Mental HealthBryant has collaborated with the World Health Organisation to develop a mental health intervention that can be trained to lay health providers in countries that lack mental health specialists.[1][9] The intervention (termed Problem Management Plus) has been developed to ensure that Low and Middle Income Countries can scale up the intervention to reduce mental health problems following adversity.[2] Awards
Selected publicationsBooks
Journal Articles
References1. ^1 2 {{Cite web |url=https://www.science.unsw.edu.au/news/award-australia%E2%80%99s-highest-honour-unsw-trauma-expert |title= Award: Australia’s highest honour for UNSW trauma expert |last=Schubert |first= Leilah |date= 14 June 2016 |website=www.science.unsw.edu.au |access-date=2017-01-29}} {{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Bryant, Richard}}2. ^1 2 {{Cite news |title=Queen's Birthday honours 2016: Richard Bryant, David Solomon |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/queens-birthday-honours-2016-richard-bryant-david-solomon/news-story/34a47e391cbd409baee35f0a5a92b036 |last=Le Grand |first=Chris |date=2016-06-13|work=|via=}} - Either {{dead link|date=January 2017}} or behind paywall. 3. ^Companion of the Order of Australia (AC), 13 June 2016, It's an Honour, For eminent service to medical research in the field of psychotraumatology, as a psychologist and author, to the study of Indigenous mental health, as an advisor to a range of government and international organisations, and to professional societies. 4. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.psy.unsw.edu.au/contacts-people/academic-staff/scientia-professor-richard-bryant|title=Scientia Professor Richard Bryant {{!}} UNSW Psychology|website=www.psy.unsw.edu.au|access-date=2016-06-02}} 5. ^1 2 {{Cite web|url=http://www.westmeadinstitute.org.au/people/researcher-profiles-search/professor-richard-bryant/biography|title=Professor Richard Bryant|last=Westmead Institute|first=|date=|website=Westmead Medical Institute|publisher=}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/grants-funding/outcomes-funding-rounds|title=Outcomes of funding rounds|last=Council|first=National Health and Medical Research|date=2009-11-11|website=www.nhmrc.gov.au|access-date=2016-06-02}} 7. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2008/06/04/2264769.htm|title=Reliving trauma could ward off PTSD|date=2008-06-04|website=www.abc.net.au|language=en-AU|access-date=2016-06-02}} 8. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.psychology.org.au/publications/inpsych/2011/feb/bryant/|title=Australian Psychological Society : Interview with Professor Richard Bryant|website=www.psychology.org.au|access-date=2016-06-02}} 9. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/allinthemind/the-mind-in-crisis-to-debrief-or-not-to-debrief/2996966#transcript|title=The mind in crisis: to debrief or not to debrief?|date=2011-02-09|website=Radio National|language=en-AU|access-date=2016-06-02}} 10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.psychevisual.com/Richard_Bryant.html|title=Dr Richard Bryant at PsycheVisual.com|website=www.psychevisual.com|access-date=2016-06-02}} 11. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.clinicalinsight.com.au/product/melbourne-workshop-advances-in-treating-traumatic-stress-reactions-professor-richard-a-bryant/|title=Melbourne Workshop – Advances in Treating Traumatic Stress Reactions – Professor Richard A. Bryant {{!}} Clinical Insight Australia|website=www.clinicalinsight.com.au|access-date=2016-06-02}} 12. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.westmeadinstitute.org.au/research/research-divisions/neuroscience/traumatic-stress-group/overview |title=Traumatic Stress Group |last=Westmead Institute |first=|date= |website=Westmead Institute |publisher= |access-date=2016-06-02}} 13. ^{{Cite web|url=http://psychcentral.com/disorders/acute-stress-disorder-symptoms/|title=Acute Stress Disorder Symptoms {{!}} Psych Central|date=2012-07-12|website=Psych Central|access-date=2016-06-15}} 14. ^{{Cite web|url=http:onClosedMenu=allposts;postNum=1;src=postname|title=Catalyst: Blast Trauma - ABC TV Science|website=https://onClosedMenu=allposts;postNum=1;src=postname|access-date=2016-06-02}} 15. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/health/psychiatrists-bow-to-pressure-over-grief/story-fneuzlbd-1226643979942|title=Is prolonged grief natural or a disorder?|website=NewsComAu|access-date=2016-06-02}} 10 : 1960 births|Living people|University of New South Wales faculty|University of Sydney alumni|Macquarie University alumni|Australian psychologists|Fellows of the Australian Academy of Science|Fellows of the Australian Academy of Health and Medical Sciences|Fellows of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia|Companions of the Order of Australia |
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