| 词条 | Viola stipularis |
| 释义 |
|image = Viola stipularis-La Soufrière-Guadeloupe 2.JPG |genus = Viola (plant) |species = stipularis |authority = Sw. |synonyms = *Ionidium stipulare (Sw.) Schult.
}}Viola stipularis, is a species of violet that grows in southern Central America, some Caribbean islands and northern South America; from Costa Rica and Guadeloupe south to Peru.[1] DescriptionHerb 20–30 cm tall, spreading by creeping rhizomes.[2][3][4] Petioles up to 8 mm long, surrounded by fringed triangular stipules up to 2 cm long.[3][4] Leaves elliptic to lanceolate-elliptic,up to 9.5 cm long and 3.4 cm wide, margin serrate or crenate, sometimes dentate, apex acuminate, base cuneate.[2][3][4] Flowers with thin pedicels up to 6 cm long, petals pinkish, lavender or bluish-white, blue-veined; lower petal obovate, the upper ones oblong-ovate or oblong-elliptic; up to 9 mm long and 4.5 mm wide; all petals with rounded apex; spur ca 1 mm long; anthers and ovary about almost 2 cm long.[2][3][4] Fruit, an ellipsoid capsule 6–7 mm long containing seeds ca 1 mm long.[4] Distribution and habitatCosta Rica, Panama, Lesser Antilles and northern South America south to Peru, in forested hills and montane forests between (150-) 840–3400 m.[1][3][4]EcologyV. stipularis can be found in open areas or near summits.[2] It is a colonizer of disturbed habitats such as volcanic debris, and natural or human-caused landslides.[5][6]References1. ^1 {{Cite web|title = Tropicos {{!}} Name - !Viola stipularis Sw.|url = http://www.tropicos.org/Name/33800542|website = www.tropicos.org|access-date = 2016-01-17}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q15388484}}2. ^1 2 3 {{Cite journal|last=Nicolson|first=D.H.|last2=DeFilipps|first2=R.|last3=Nicolson|first3=A.|display-authors=etal|date=1991|title=Flora of Dominica, Part 2: Dicotyledoneae|url=|journal=Smithsonian Contributions to Botany|language=en|volume=no.77|pages=228|issn=0081-024X}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite journal|last=Francis|first=Macbride, J.|date=1941|title=Flora of Peru /|url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2398750|journal=Fieldiana|language=en|volume=v.13:pt.4:no.1 (1941) [Elatinaceae]|pages=79|via=}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{Cite journal|last=Woodson Jr.|first=R.|last2=Schery|first2=R. W.|display-authors=etal|date=1967|title=Flora of Panama. Part VI.|url=|journal=Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden|language=en|publisher=Missouri Botanical Garden|volume=54|issue=1|pages=82|via=|doi=10.2307/2394885}} 5. ^{{Cite journal|last=Howard|first=R. A.|last2=Portecop|first2=J.|last3=De Montaignac|first3=P.|date=1980|title=The post-eruptive vegetation of La Soufrière, Guadeloupe, 1977–1979|url=|journal=Journal of the Arnold Arboretum|language=en|volume=61|issue=4|pages=762|via=}} 6. ^{{Cite journal|last=Lozano|first=P.|last2=Bussmann|first2=R. W.|last3=Küppers|first3=M.|date=2007|title=A checklist of pioneer plant regeneration on natural and anthropogenic landslides on the eastern side of Podocarpus National Park -Southern Ecuador|url=|journal=Redesma|volume=1|issue=2|pages=|via=}} 10 : Flora of Peru|Viola (plant)|Flora of Ecuador|Flora of Venezuela|Flora of Costa Rica|Flora of Colombia|Flora of Panama|Flora of Guadeloupe|Flora of Martinique|Flora of Dominica |
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