| 词条 | Blackall, Queensland |
| 释义 |
| name = Blackall | state = Qld | image = Blackall - Mitchell memorial.JPG | caption = Memorial to Sir Thomas Mitchell | lga = Blackall-Tambo Region | postcode = 4472 | est = 1868 | pop = 1416 | pop_year = {{CensusAU|2016}} | pop_footnotes = [1] | elevation= 284 | elevation_footnotes = [1] | coordinates = {{coord|24|25|0|S|145|28|0|E|display=inline,title}} | maxtemp = 30.2 | mintemp = 15.4 | rainfall = 533.3 | stategov = Gregory | fedgov = Flynn | dist1 = 960 | dir1 = NW | location1= Brisbane | dist2 = 688 | dir2 = W | location2= Rockhampton | dist3 = 215 | dir3 = SE | location3= Longreach | near-n = Home Creek Evora Narbethong | near-ne = Mexico Drummondslope | near-e = Windeyer Mount Enniskillen | near-se = MacFarlane Minnie Downs | near-s = Adavale Scrubby Creek | near-sw = Adavale | near-w = Isisford | near-nw = Ilfracombe Moombria }} Blackall is a small town and rural locality in the Blackall-Tambo Region in Central West Queensland, Australia.[2][3] At the 2016 census Blackall had a population of 1,416.[4] It is the service centre for the Blackall-Tambo Region. The dominant industry in the area is grazing. GeographyBlackall is approximately {{convert|960|km|mi}} by road from the state capital, Brisbane. The town is situated on the Barcoo River and Landsborough Highway (Matilda Highway). Blackall claims to be the home of the original Black Stump, which marks the original Astro Station established in 1887. Places west of this point are said to be 'beyond the black stump'. The Black Stump was moved from its original location to make it more accessible to tourists, and can now be found on the boundary of the Blackall State School grounds, Thistle Street, Blackall. Blackall has many attractions for public use and entertainment, including the Blackall showground, the local pool and the historic Blackall Woolscour. HistoryThe region was explored in 1846 by explorer Sir Thomas Mitchell and his party.[5] In 1856, Augustus Gregory passed through the area noting that the landscape was a vast plain lacking vegetation in contrast to Mitchell's description of good country.[6] Blackall was named by Surveyor Abraham H. May after Sir Samuel Blackall, the second Governor of Queensland.[2][3] During the 1860s the town developed as a service centre for the surrounding pastoral properties. A survey of town allotments was conducted in 1868.[6] Barcoo Post Office opened on 1 April 1864. It was renamed Blackall in 1868.[7] Blackall State School opened on 10 September 1877.[8] On 5 October 1964, the school was destroyed by fire, but was subsequently rebuilt.[9] On Tuesday 29 March 1881, following seven inches of rain, the river burst through the town embankment, completely washing away the stonework of the dam.[10] On Wednesday 30 March, the still-rising river flooded the town's main street and many people in the town's lower-lying areas were forced to evacuate as their homes became fully submerged.[11][12] Blackall was one of the first Queensland towns to sink an artesian bore in 1885, which now supplies the town with water from the Great Artesian Basin. The water temperature is 58 degrees Celsius. There is an artesian spa bath at the aquatic centre and locally produced soft drinks are made from the artesian water.[13] In December 1890 the Australian Labor Party constitution and rules were drawn up at Blackall, during the founding of this party. In Australian folklore, the best known citizen of the town was the shearer Jack Howe. In 1892, he shore a total of 321 sheep at Alice Downs station in 7 hours and 40 minutes, a record for hand shearing that still stands, and was only broken by a shearer using a machine driven handpiece in 1950.[13] A branch line from the Central Western railway reached Blackall in 1908. St Joseph's Catholic Primary School was established in 1917 by the Sisters of St Joseph. The opening ceremonies were conducted on Saturday 21 July 1917 by Archbishop James Duhig.[14][15] The Blackall War Memorial commemorates those soldiers who died in World War I. The memorial was dedicated on the 25 April (Anzac Day) 1927 by James Charles Minnis (former mayor of Blackall and a former soldier). The honour roll of those who died in World War II was added later.[16] Blackall's population was more than 3,000 in 1965. A declining population has coincided with the decline in the wool industry in the district.[6] At the 2011 census Blackall had a population of 1,588.[17] Heritage listingsBlackall has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
TransportSunstate Airlines, operating as QantasLink, has services connecting the town to Brisbane. FacilitiesBlackall has a showground, racecourse, golf course, bowling club and aquatic centre, cultural centre and an historical association.[20] The Blackall-Tambo Regional Council operates a public library at 14 Clematis Street.[21] The Blackall branch of the Queensland Country Women's Association has its rooms at 47 William Street.[22] The Blackall Golf Club has an 18-hole golf course at Shamrock Street ({{coord|-24.42172|145.45276|type:landmark_region:AU-QLD|name=Blackall Golf Club}}).[23] EducationBlackall State School is a government primary and secondary (P-12) school located at the corner of Hawthorne and Shamrock Streets ({{coord|-24.425596|145.470046|type:edu_region:AU-QLD|name=Blackall State School}}).[24] In 2012, there were 152 students enrolled with 14.5 teachers.[25] St Joseph's Catholic Primary School is a Roman Catholic primary (P-7) school located at 109 Thistle Street ({{coord|-24.42004|145.459587|type:edu_region:AU-QLD|name=St Joseph's Catholic Primary School}}).[24] ClimateThe town has a semi-arid climate according to Köppen (BSh). {{Weather box |location = Blackall |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |Jan record high C = 44.6 |Feb record high C = 43.9 |Mar record high C = 41.8 |Apr record high C = 37.3 |May record high C = 35.0 |Jun record high C = 32.8 |Jul record high C = 31.3 |Aug record high C = 35.1 |Sep record high C = 38.4 |Oct record high C = 41.2 |Nov record high C = 44.0 |Dec record high C = 44.6 |year record high C = 44.6 |Jan high C = 36.0 |Feb high C = 35.1 |Mar high C = 33.7 |Apr high C = 30.3 |May high C = 25.8 |Jun high C = 22.7 |Jul high C = 22.3 |Aug high C = 24.6 |Sep high C = 28.5 |Oct high C = 32.2 |Nov high C = 34.7 |Dec high C = 36.0 |year high C = 30.2 |Jan low C = 22.4 |Feb low C = 22.0 |Mar low C = 19.9 |Apr low C = 16.1 |May low C = 11.8 |Jun low C = 8.0 |Jul low C = 6.9 |Aug low C = 8.4 |Sep low C = 12.1 |Oct low C = 16.5 |Nov low C = 19.5 |Dec low C = 21.4 |year low C = 15.4 |Jan record low C = 12.9 |Feb record low C = 12.4 |Mar record low C = 10.1 |Apr record low C = 4.1 |May record low C = 0.1 |Jun record low C = -0.7 |Jul record low C = -2.0 |Aug record low C = -1.8 |Sep record low C = 1.4 |Oct record low C = 3.0 |Nov record low C = 8.2 |Dec record low C = 10.7 |year record low C = -2.0 |Jan rain mm = 85.2 |Feb rain mm = 81.9 |Mar rain mm = 62.8 |Apr rain mm = 37.1 |May rain mm = 33.6 |Jun rain mm = 26.3 |Jul rain mm = 25.1 |Aug rain mm = 16.4 |Sep rain mm = 18.4 |Oct rain mm = 33.2 |Nov rain mm = 43.5 |Dec rain mm = 69.8 |Jan rain days = 7.1 |Feb rain days = 6.5 |Mar rain days = 5.3 |Apr rain days = 3.2 |May rain days = 3.2 |Jun rain days = 2.8 |Jul rain days = 2.6 |Aug rain days = 2.2 |Sep rain days = 2.6 |Oct rain days = 4.2 |Nov rain days = 5.3 |Dec rain days = 6.3 |unit rain days = 0.2mm |source 1 = Bureau of Meteorology[26] |date=April 2013}} Notable people
Gallery{{Gallery|title= |lines=2 |File:Howegrave.jpg|Jack Howe's gravesite in Blackall cemetery |File:Howestone.jpg|Gravestone memorial for Jack Howe in Blackall cemetery }} See also{{Portal|Queensland}}
References1. ^Bureau of Meteorology {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070902054752/http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/cw_036143.shtml# |date=2 September 2007 }} – retrieved 27 January 2008 2. ^1 {{cite QPN|2967|Blackall (town)|accessdate=21 April 2014}} 3. ^1 {{cite QPN|47058|Blackall (locality)|accessdate=21 April 2014}} 4. ^1 {{Census 2015 AUS|id=SSC30272|name=Blackall (SSC)|accessdate=14 August 2018|quick=on}} 5. ^ADB: Mitchell, Sir Thomas Livingstone (1792 - 1855) {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100205152503/http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A020206b.htm# |date=5 February 2010 }} Retrieved 2010-5-1 6. ^1 2 {{Cite book |title=Heritage Trails of the Queensland Outback |last=Environmental Protection Agency (Queensland) |year=2002 |publisher=State of Queensland |isbn=0-7345-1040-3 |pages=39}} 7. ^{{Cite web | last = Premier Postal History | title = Post Office List | publisher = Premier Postal Auctions | url = https://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=QLD&country= | accessdate = 10 May 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140515223132/http://www.premierpostal.com/cgi-bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=QLD&country=# | archive-date = 15 May 2014 | dead-url = no | df = dmy-all }} 8. ^{{Cite QldSchool|accessdate=25 May 2014}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Blackall State School – Prep to year 12|url=https://blackallss.eq.edu.au/Pages/default.aspx|publisher=Blackall State School|accessdate=28 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203210629/https://blackallss.eq.edu.au/Pages/default.aspx#|archive-date=3 February 2014|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 10. ^{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article911027|title=BLACKALL.|date=30 March 1881|newspaper=The Brisbane Courier|issue=7,243|location=Queensland, Australia|volume=XXXV |page=2|via=National Library of Australia|accessdate=27 August 2016}} 11. ^{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article183950027|title=BLACKALL.|date=2 April 1881|newspaper=The Week|issue=275|location=Brisbane|volume=XI |page=11|via=National Library of Australia|accessdate=27 August 2016}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article920399|title=BLACKALL.|date=31 March 1881|newspaper=The Brisbane Courier|issue=7,244|location=Queensland, Australia|volume=XXXV |page=2|via=National Library of Australia|accessdate=27 August 2016}} 13. ^1 Reader's Digest Guide to Australian Places, Reader's Digest (Australia) Pty. Limited, Surry Hills N.S.W., 1993, {{ISBN|0-86438-399-1}} 14. ^{{cite web|title=St Joseph's Catholic Primary School|url=http://www.sjblrok.catholic.edu.au/documents/history.html|publisher=St Joseph's Catholic Primary School|accessdate=28 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529052310/http://www.sjblrok.catholic.edu.au/documents/history.html#|archive-date=29 May 2014|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 15. ^{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article53819227 |title=BLACKALL CONVENT SCHOOL. |newspaper=The Morning Bulletin |location=Rockhampton, Qld. |date=26 July 1917 |accessdate=28 May 2014 |page=4 |via=National Library of Australia}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://monumentaustralia.org.au/display/90565-blackall-war-memorial|title=Blackall War Memorial|last=|first=|date=|website=|publisher=Monument Australia|access-date=|accessdate=28 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722223912/http://monumentaustralia.org.au/display/90565-blackall-war-memorial#|archive-date=22 July 2015|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 17. ^{{Census 2011 AUS|id=SSC30171|name=Blackall (SSC)|accessdate=21 April 2014|quick=on}} 18. ^{{cite QHR|14807|Blackall Masonic Temple|600032|accessdate=7 July 2013}} 19. ^{{cite QHR|14808|Blackall Woolscour|600033|accessdate=7 July 2013}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://queenslandplaces.com.au/blackall-and-blackall-shire|title=Blackall|publisher=Centre for the Government of Queensland|accessdate=12 December 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120208232135/http://queenslandplaces.com.au/blackall-and-blackall-shire#|archive-date=8 February 2012|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 21. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au/networking/directory-of-public-libraries/branches/blackall-tambo/blackall_library|title=Blackall Library|last=|first=|date=|website=Public Libraries Connect|publisher=State Library of Queensland|access-date=11 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180111165313/http://www.plconnect.slq.qld.gov.au/networking/directory-of-public-libraries/branches/blackall-tambo/blackall_library#|archive-date=11 January 2018|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}} 22. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.qcwa.org.au/branch-locations/|title=Branch locations|last=|first=|date=|website=Queensland Country Women's Association|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226010724/http://www.qcwa.org.au/branch-locations/|archive-date=26 December 2018|dead-url=no|access-date=26 December 2018}} 23. ^{{cite web|title=Blackall Golf Club|url=http://www.worldgolf.com/courses/australia/queensland/blackall-golf-club.html|publisher=World Golf|accessdate=28 May 2014}} 24. ^1 {{cite web|title=Queensland State and Non-State Schools|url=http://education.qld.gov.au/schools/statistics/docs/state-and-non-state-school-listing.xlsx|publisher=Queensland Government|accessdate=25 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508025559/http://education.qld.gov.au/schools/statistics/docs/state-and-non-state-school-listing.xlsx|archive-date=8 May 2014|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 25. ^{{cite web|title=2012 School Annual Report|url=https://blackallss.eq.edu.au/Supportandresources/Formsanddocuments/Annual%20reports/annual-report-2012.pdf|publisher=Blackall State School|accessdate=28 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529051515/https://blackallss.eq.edu.au/Supportandresources/Formsanddocuments/Annual%20reports/annual-report-2012.pdf#|archive-date=29 May 2014|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 26. ^{{BoM Aust stats|site_ref=cw_036143_All|site_name=BLACKALL TOWNSHIP|accessdate=8 April 2013}} External links{{Commons category|Blackall, Queensland}}
6 : Towns in Queensland|Populated places established in 1868|Central West Queensland|Blackall-Tambo Region|1868 establishments in Australia|Blackall, Queensland |
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