| 词条 | Blanford's fox |
| 释义 |
| name = Blanford's fox[1] | image = Blandford's fox 1.jpg | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = [2] | genus = Vulpes | species = cana | authority = (Blanford, 1877) | range_map = Vulpes cana (distribution).svg | range_map_caption = Range of Blanford's fox | synonyms =
}} Blanford's fox (Vulpes cana), is a small fox found in certain regions of the Middle East and Central Asia. NamingBlanford's fox is named after the English naturalist William Thomas Blanford, who described it in 1877. It is also known as the Afghan fox, royal fox, dog fox, hoary fox, steppe fox, black fox,[4] king fox[4] ({{lang-fa|{{Nastaliq|شاهروباه|}}|shāhrūbāh}}), cliff fox[4] or Baluchistan fox.[4] The specific name, cana, is Latin for "hoary" (so the scientific name means "hoary fox", corresponding to one of the vernacular names of the species). [5] Distribution and habitatBlanford's fox inhabits semiarid regions, steppes, and mountains of Afghanistan, Egypt (Sinai), Turkestan,[6] northeast Iran, southwest Pakistan, the West Bank, and Israel.[7] It may also live throughout Arabia (particularly Oman, Yemen, and Jordan), as one was trapped in Dhofari region of Oman in 1984. Recent camera trapping surveys have confirmed the presence of the species in several places in the mountains of South Sinai, Egypt,[8] the mountains of Ras Al Khaimah[9] and Jebel Hafeet[10][11] in the UAE, and in Saudi Arabia.[12] Blanford's fox possesses hairless footpads and cat-like, curved, sharp claws described by some authors as semiretractile.[13][14] This fox has an ability to climb rocks and make jumps described as "astonishing", jumping to ledges {{convert|3|m|ft|abbr=on}} above them with ease, and as part of their regular movements and climbing vertical, crumbling cliffs by a series of jumps up vertical sections.[15] The foxes use their sharp, curved claws and naked footpads for traction on narrow ledges and their long, bushy tails as a counterbalance.[15] AppearanceLike all desert foxes, the Blanford's fox has large ears which enables it to dissipate heat.{{Citation needed|date=August 2010}} However, unlike other desert foxes, it does not have pads covered with hair, which would otherwise protect its paws from hot sand. Its tail is almost equal in length to its body. Its coat is light tan, with white underparts and a black tip on the tail. Among all extant canids, only the fennec fox is smaller than Blanford's.[16]
DietOmnivorous, and more frugivorous than other foxes. It prefers seedless grapes, ripe melons and Russian chives when consuming domestic crops. In addition, it eats insects.{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}} The Biblical foxes in the vineyard mentioned in the Song of Songs 2:15, described as "little foxex who roun the vineyards" are most probably the frugivorous Blanford's foxes. Reproduction
SustainabilityWhile the IUCN has downgraded Blanford's fox to "least concern" as more has been learned about the breadth of its distribution across the Middle East, very little is known about this species and its vulnerabilities to the diseases of domesticated dogs that have so badly affected other canids. Currently, little competition exists with humans for habitat, and the fox is a protected species in Israel and protected from hunting in Oman and Yemen. Some fur hunting occurs in Afghanistan, and occasionally they may take poison intended for hyenas and other species.[2] See also
References1. ^{{MSW3 Wozencraft | id = 14000867}} 2. ^1 {{IUCN2010.2|assessor=Geffen, E.|assessor2=Hefner, R.|assessor3=Wright, P.|last-assessor-amp=yes|year=2008|id=23050|title=Vulpes cana|downloaded=31 August 2010}} 3. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JgAMbNSt8ikC&pg=PA583|title=Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference|volume=1|page=583|author1=Don E. Wilson |author2=DeeAnn M. Reeder |isbn=978-1-56098-217-3|publisher=Smithsonian|date=16 November 2005}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{Cite web |url=http://www.breedingcentresharjah.com/Canines.htm |work=Breeding Centre for Endangered Arabian Wildlife |title=Blanford's fox |date=29 August 2007 |accessdate=31 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090304191841/http://www.breedingcentresharjah.com/Canines.htm |archivedate=4 March 2009 }} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/canus#Latin|title=canus - Wiktionary|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}} 6. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.breedingcentresharjah.com/Research.htm |work=Breeding Centre for Endangered Arabian Wildlife |title=Blanford's fox Distribution |date=13 May 2004 |accessdate=31 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080916183234/http://www.breedingcentresharjah.com/Research.htm |archivedate=16 September 2008 }} 7. ^GBIF sighting records {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151105190311/http://data.gbif.org/occurrences/searchWithTable.htm?c#92;0& |date=5 November 2015 }} 8. ^{{citation |last1=El-Alqamy |first1=H. |last2=Wacher |first2=T. J. |last3=Hamada |first3=A. |last4=Rashad |first4=S. |year=2003 |url=http://www.catsg.org/catsglib/recordetail.php?recordid=4442 |title=Camera Traps; A Non-invasive Sampling Technique to Redefine the Large Mammals Fauna of South Sinai |publisher=Cat Specialist Group – IUCN}} Full Book-2003 9. ^{{citation |last=Llewellyn-Smith |first=R.E. |year=2000 |title=A short note on Blanford's fox Vulpes cana in the mountains of Ras Al Khaimah |publisher=Tribulus}} 10.1:23–24 10. ^{{cite news |last=Duncan |first=Gillian |title=Rare fox spotted in Al Ain for first time in almost 20 years |publisher=The National |url=https://www.thenational.ae/uae/rare-fox-spotted-in-al-ain-for-first-time-in-almost-20-years-1.841777 |date=2019-03-27 |access-date=2019-03-31}} 11. ^{{cite news |publisher=Khaleej Times |title=Rare creature caught on camera in UAE after 17 years |url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/news/general/video-rare-creature-caught-on-camera-in-uae-in-17-years |date=2019-03-30 |access-date=2019-03-31}} 12. ^{{Cite journal|url=http://www.canids.org/canidnews/12/Blanfords_fox_in_Saudi_Arabia.pdf|title= Blanford's fox confirmed in the At-Tubaiq Protected Area (norther Saudi Arabia) and the Ibex Reserve (central Saudi Arabia)|author=Cunningham|author2=Wronski|last-author-amp=yes|work=Canid News|issue=12.4|issn=1478-2677|year=2009|publisher=IUCN/SSC Specialist Group}} 13. ^Sillero-Zubiri, Claudio; Hoffman, Michael; and MacDonald David W. Canids: Foxes, Wolves, Jackals, and Dogs: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK: IUCN; 2004. p206 14. ^Geffen, E., Hefner, R., Macdonald, D.W. and Ucko, M. 1992d. Morphological adaptations and seasonal weight changes in the Blanford’s fox, Vulpes cana. Journal of Arid Environments 23:287–292. 15. ^1 IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group. Canids: Foxes, Wolves, Jackals, and Dogs – 2004 Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111030185730/http://www.canids.org/species/Blanfords_fox.pdf |date=30 October 2011 }}. Cambridge: IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group, 2004. p. 197. 16. ^1 2 3 Burnie D and Wilson DE (eds.), Animal: The Definitive Visual Guide to the World's Wildlife. DK Adult (2005), {{ISBN|0789477645}} Further reading
External links{{Commons+cat|Vulpes cana|Vulpes cana}}{{Wikispecies|Vulpes cana}}
7 : Vulpes|Mammals of Western Asia|Mammals of the Middle East|Fauna of the Middle East|Fauna of Egypt|Vertebrates of the Arabian Peninsula|Mammals described in 1877 |
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