“Bens De Luxe Delicatessen & Restaurant”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Bens De Luxe Delicatessen and Restaurant was a renowned delicatessen in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The restaurant was famed for its Montreal-style smoked meat sandwich. During its heyday it was a popular late-night dining fixture in the downtown core and a favourite eatery of many celebrities. It was open for nearly a century, from 1908 to 2006. At 98 years it was the oldest deli in the city.

Former restaurant site and interior

The restaurant was located at 990 De Maisonneuve Boulevard West on the southeast corner of the intersection with Metcalfe Street. A three-storey brown brick building, designed in 1950 by Charles Davis Goodman, who as well designed the Jewish General Hospital and the Laurentian Hotel.^[1] Bens had a rounded front corner facing, green awnings, large bay windows and a large illuminated wrap-around sign. The restaurant was on the ground floor and two upper floors were rented. This was Bens third location.

The interior was seemingly unchanged through the years. Its columns and walls were painted in bright greens and yellows with chrome siding, it had a stainless steel edged counter with rows of chrome counter stools, and terrazzo floors, laminate wall covering, and a ceiling with indirect lighting coves.^[1] The chairs were bright yellow, orange and green. Walls were covered in photographs of celebrities who had dined at the restaurant; one spot was dubbed "Bens Wall of Fame". Bens employed only waiters, who wore a black bow tie and white buttoned shirt with black dress pants and shoes, along with a white waist apron.

History

Early years and golden age

A Lithuanian immigrant Benjamin Kravitz and his Ukrainian-born wife Fanny (née Schwartz) opened a sweet shop on Saint Lawrence Boulevard in Montreal in 1908. They soon added smoked meat sandwiches using his mother's recipe. In 1929 they moved to de Maisonneuve (formerly Burnside) and Mansfield, and to their final location in 1949.^[2] The restaurant was open 23 hours daily, closed only for cleaning. The 1001 Burnside location, in the theatre district behind the Sheraton Mount Royal Hotel, was a popular late-night dining haunt for celebrities and movie stars.

Kravitz passed the business on to his sons Irving, Sollie and Al, who would often be seen working at the deli.^[2] At the height of its popularity, from the 1950s to the early 1980s, the restaurant had 75 employees. Customers often formed lunchtime line-ups that stretched around the block.^[3]

In the 1980s, the dropping of an apostrophe in Ben's name on the sign resulted from Quebec language laws.^[3] But according to an article in MacLean's Magazine (April 15, 1954): "Bens does not have - and has never had - an apostrophe".

Many well known and famous people frequented the restaurant, including Canadian Prime Ministers Pierre Trudeau and Paul Martin, Quebec Premiers René Lévesque, Jacques Parizeau and Jean Charest, Free Trade negotiator Simon Reisman, artists Leonard Cohen and Irving Layton, entertainers Ed Sullivan, Burl Ives, Bette Midler, Jack Benny and Liberace, and sportsmen Bob Geary, Gordie Howe and Jean Béliveau (one of the many Montreal Canadiens that ate at the deli.) ^[4]

Smoked meat fans debated whether Bens or Schwartz's (another local deli) had the best smoked meat sandwich. Bens thin sliced meat was piled high between rye bread, while Schwartz's offers plates of thickly cut smoked meat. Bens had a longstanding and widely believed advertising slogan that claimed the restaurant had invented smoked meat, but this has been debunked by Jewish food and cultural historians.^[5]

Beginning of decline

The 1990s were difficult for Bens, with the death of owner Irving Kravitz, followed by labour disputes and declining patronage. Kravitz died in 1992, leaving the restaurant to his wife Jean and their son Elliot. Business began to decline, the staff was reduced to 25, and the quality of the food and service was lesser than in previous years. Also, the restaurant was open only 7:30 a.m. to 12:30 a.m., and until 2 a.m. on weekends. In 1995 the employees unionized.

Reviews criticized the quality of smoked meat and other signature dishes, as well as portion size and value for price. Though the restaurant got a poor reputation with locals, it remained popular with tourists, based on its history and the charm of its old-time decor.

Closure and end of an era

The beginning of the end started on July 20, 2006 when employees voted to strike. The restaurant closed and would not reopen. On December 15, 2006, it was sold to SIDEV Realty Corporation,^[6] bringing the restaurant's long history to an end. SIDEV immediately announced a new building project.

Debate over preservation of site

SIDEV planned to build a 15-storey hotel on the property, but faced opposition. For nearly two years Bens sat empty, with its contents and memorabilia stacked inside. The building was one of the top 10 endangered places in Canada, according to the Heritage Canada Foundation. Described as a "cultural icon", an editorial in the Montreal Gazette disagreed, calling it a "cheap, miserable example of art deco," "soulless" and a "charmless collection of drab tan bricks."^[7] The Art Deco Society of Montreal^[8] wanted it preserved, as a tourist attraction and movie set as it had a Streamline Moderne motif.^[9] They wanted the city to stop the demolition and the building be declared a heritage site by the province.

Demolition and curation

On April 4, 2008, the city of Montreal stated it planned to allow demolition of the building and held a public hearing.^[10] On June 3 the Ville-Marie council unanimously voted to demolish the building, a condition being the developer must commemorate the deli in the new building. Demolition started September 25. On October 1, the iconic Bens wrap-around sign was removed and October 29 the vertical red Bens sign, that was visible for several blocks, was taken down. Demolition was complete in November. The deli memorabilia, including autographed photos from Bens Wall of Fame, menus and interior signage, were donated to the McCord Museum.^[11] The large red letters from above the main entrance are now on display in the Communication Studies and Journalism (CJ) building on the Loyola campus of Concordia University^[12] as part of the Montreal Signs Project. The MSP also holds much of the exterior signage, though this is not on display due to its fragility.

An exhibit about Bens was held at the McCord Museum in 2014. "Bens: The Legendary Deli" displays some 100 artifacts, including menus, photos, dishes, and testimonials.

See also

References

1. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://www.thesuburban.com/article.php?id=3335&title=A-Slice-Of-Smoked-Meat-Memories-Served-Up-At-McCord-Museum|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715113200/http://www.thesuburban.com/article.php?id=3335&title=A-Slice-Of-Smoked-Meat-Memories-Served-Up-At-McCord-Museum|dead-url=yes|archive-date=July 15, 2014|title=A Slice Of Smoked Meat Memories Served Up At McCord Museum - By Bernard Mendelman - The Suburban Newspaper|author=Bernard Mendelman|date=June 25, 2014|publisher=|accessdate=November 2, 2014}}
2. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/mccord-museum-exhibit-gives-a-taste-of-legendary-bens-deli-1.2683369|title=McCord Museum exhibit gives a taste of legendary Bens Deli|date=June 22, 2014|publisher=|accessdate=November 2, 2014}}
3. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://www.therecord.com/whatson-story/4585711-new-exhibit-celebrates-montreal-deli/|title=New exhibit celebrates Montreal deli|publisher=|accessdate=November 2, 2014}}
4. ^A legendary sandwich shop is toast: After 98 years as a fixture in Montreal by Ingrid Peritz in The Globe and Mail {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718160016/http://www.bensonstrike.zoomshare.com/ |date=July 18, 2011 }}
5. ^Note: "Old Man Kravitz, a shameless self-promoter ... Throughout the years Ben claimed that he introduced the smoked meat sandwich to Montreal. But it is a well-known fact that the British-American Delicatessen Store had been dispensing quality smoked meat sandwiches for a period of four years prior to the establishment of Fanny's Fruit and Candy Store. Old Man Kravitz also implied that he introduced smoked meat to Montreal, but we know that is a pile of baloney". Eiran Harris, Montreal-Style Smoked Meat: An interview with Eiran Harris conducted by Lara Rabinovitch, with the cooperation of the Jewish Public Library Archives of Montreal, Cuizine: The Journal of Canadian Food Cultures: Volume 1, numéro 2, 2009.
6. ^SIDEV Realty Corporation {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100323031302/http://www.sidev.com/english/Company.asp |date=March 23, 2010 }}
7. ^Take out Ben's, Montreal Gazette, May 8, 2008 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609010006/http://www.canada.com/montrealgazette/columnists/story.html?id=1dda07f6-8155-4844-a0c6-b24934f255b9 |date=June 9, 2008 }}
8. ^Art Deco Society of Montreal {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100701122314/http://www.artdecomontreal.com/en/ |date=July 1, 2010 }}
9. ^Preserving slice of Montreal life, Montreal Gazette, June 15, 2007 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070717014132/http://www.canada.com/montrealgazette/news/story.html?id=6e32a745-b135-4a27-a649-335fa01474fa&k=14951 |date=July 17, 2007 }}
10. ^Stille Post > Québec > Montréal > Topic: BEN's DELI final meeting before demolition MONDAY APRIL 21, 6pm {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609021722/http://www.stillepost.ca/boards/index.php?topic=103933.0 |date=June 9, 2008 }}
11. ^Samer Elatrash, Ben's Ends, Montreal Mirror Jan 18–24, 2007: Vol. 22 No. 30 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080609005743/http://www.montrealmirror.com/2007/011807/news1.html |date=June 9, 2008 }}
12. ^{{cite news|last=Hays|first=Matthew|title=Signs of the times|url=http://www.montrealmirror.com/2010/052010/news3.html|accessdate=May 20, 2010|newspaper=Montreal Mirror|date=May 20, 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524090012/http://www.montrealmirror.com/2010/052010/news3.html|archivedate=May 24, 2010|df=mdy-all}}