词条 | Bridge of No Return | |
释义 |
Located in the Joint Security Area (JSA), the so-called "Bridge of No Return" crosses the Military Demarcation Line (MDL) between North Korea and South Korea. It was used for prisoner exchanges at the end of the Korean War in 1953. The name originates from the final ultimatum that was given to prisoners of war brought to the bridge for repatriation: they could either remain in the country of their captivity or cross the bridge to return to their homeland. However, once they chose to cross the bridge, they would never be allowed to return, even if they later changed their minds. The last time the bridge was used for prisoner exchanges was in 1968, when the crew of {{USS|Pueblo|AGER-2|6}} was released and ordered to cross into South Korea via the bridge. The bridge was actively used by the North Koreans up until the Korean axe murder incident in August 1976, at which time the United Nations Command (UNC) demanded that the Military Demarcation Line within the Joint Security Area be enforced and clearly marked. Within 72 hours, the North Koreans had built a new bridge (dubbed "The 72-Hour Bridge") on the northern half of the JSA and the original Bridge of No Return was no longer used. The Military Demarcation Line runs through the middle of the bridge. At the end of either side of the bridge are guard houses of the respective countries. The North Korean building is called KPA#4 while the United Nations Command checkpoint was called CP#3 (it was abandoned in the mid-1980s). CP#3, which is surrounded by trees, was only visible from one other UNC site during the winter months, OP#5 (now renamed to CP#3). The North's Korean People's Army (KPA) had made numerous attempts to grab UNC personnel from the old CP#3 and drag them across the bridge into North Korean territory.[1]{{Failed verification|date=May 2018}} Because of this proximity to North Korean territory, being surrounded on all access routes by North Korean checkpoints, and repeated attempts to kidnap the UNC personnel working there, CP#3 was often referred to as "The Loneliest Outpost in the World". As of 2003, the bridge is considered in need of repair. According to a report on CNN, the US government has offered to fix the bridge or even replace it, but North Korea has denied permission.[2] Major events
Ceremonies on the bridgeU.S. Army soldiers who are stationed at Camp Bonifas or Camp Liberty Bell in the Joint Security Area are offered the opportunity to have their promotion or reenlistment ceremonies held in the centre of the Bridge of No Return. The bridge is split in half by the Military Demarcation Line which marks where North Korean territory ends and South Korean territory begins. During a U.S. or ROK (Republic of Korea) ceremony, two guards are posted at the Demarcation Line facing west (toward North Korea). In popular cultureThe bridge is portrayed in the beginning of the James Bond film Die Another Day, where the characters Bond and Zao are swapped (though with rows of concertina wire, bunkers, machine guns, or spotlights not present at the real bridge). It was portrayed in the South Korean movie Joint Security Area, where the shooting of two North Korean guards becomes the focus of an investigation and of the movie, and the American movie Salt, when agent Evelyn Salt (Angelina Jolie) is traded for a captured North Korean official after being held captive in North Korea. GallerySee also
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0309/21/se.01.html|title=Dangerous divide|work=CNN transcripts September 2003|accessdate=2006-01-14}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0309/21/se.01.html|title=Dangerous divide|work=CNN transcripts September 2003|accessdate=2006-01-14}} 3. ^Bernstein, Barton. "The Struggle over the Korean Armistice: Prisoners of Repatriation?" in Child of Conflict: The Korean-American Relationship 1943–1953, ed. Bruce Cumings (1983). 4. ^U.S. Army Forces, Far East, 8086th Army Unit, Military History Detachment. Operation Little Switch, 4 vols., n.d. 5. ^"Syngman Rhee Biography: Rhee Attacks Peace Proceedings" {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070716121057/http://korea50.army.mil/history/biographies/rhee.shtml |date=July 16, 2007 }} 6. ^{{cite book| url = http://www.history.army.mil/brochures/kw-stale/stale.htm | title = The Korean War: Years of Stalemate| page= 30| id = CMH Pub 19-10| publisher = United States Army Center of Military History}} 7. ^{{cite book| chapterurl = http://www.history.army.mil/books/AMH-V2/AMH%20V2/chapter8.htm| chapter = THE KOREAN WAR 1950-1953| page =245 | title = American Military History Volume 2| editor = Richard Stewart| publisher= United States Army Center of Military History}} 8. ^FC Schumacher and GC Wilson (1971). Bridge of No Return: The Ordeal of the USS Pueblo, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York. External links
7 : Bridges in South Korea|Bridges in North Korea|Korean migration|Korean Demilitarized Zone|International bridges|North Korea–South Korea border crossings|Prisoner exchanges |
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