“Camden, South Carolina”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Camden is a city in Kershaw County, South Carolina, United States.^[3] It is the largest city and county seat of Kershaw County. The population was 6,838 in the 2010 census. In 2016, the population went up to 7,126.^[4] It is part of the Columbia, South Carolina, Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Camden is the oldest inland city in South Carolina, and home to The Carolina Cup and The National Steeplechase Museum.

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, Camden has a total area of {{convert|10.68|sqmi|km2}}, of which {{convert|10.07|sqmi|km2}} is land and {{convert|0.61|sqmi|km2}} (5.71%) is water.

US 521 runs through downtown; leading 29 miles south to Sumter and 85 miles north to Charlotte, North Carolina. US 601 runs with US 521 through downtown; leading 21 miles north to Kershaw and 50 miles south to St. Matthews and 69 miles to Orangeburg. US 1 intersects with US 521 and 601 in downtown; leading 30 miles southwest to the state capital, Columbia and 55 miles northeast to Cheraw. Interstate 20 bypasses the city's center, 2 miles south.

History

Camden is the oldest inland city and fourth oldest city in South Carolina. It is near the center of the Cofitachequi chiefdom that existed in the 1500s.^[5] In 1730, Camden became part of a township plan ordered by King George II. Kershaw County's official web site states, "Originally laid out in 1732 as the town of Fredericksburg in the Wateree River swamp (south of the present town) when King George II ordered eleven inland townships established along South Carolina's rivers, few of the area settlers chose to take lots surveyed in the town, choosing the higher ground to the north. The township soon disappeared." In 1758, Joseph Kershaw, from Yorkshire, England came into the township, established a store and renamed the town Pine Tree Hill. Camden became the main inland trade center in the colony. Kershaw suggested that the town be renamed Camden, in honor of Lord Camden, a champion of colonial rights in the British Parliament.

May 1780 brought the American Revolution to Charleston, South Carolina, when it fell under the Crown's control. Lord Charles Cornwallis and 2,500 of his Loyalist and British troops marched to Camden and established there the main British supply post for the Southern campaign. The Battle of Camden, the worst American defeat of the Revolution, was fought on August 16, 1780 near Camden, and on April 25, 1781 the Battle of Hobkirk Hill was fought between about 1,400 troops led by General Nathanael Greene and 950 Loyalists and British soldiers led by Lord Francis Rawdon. The latter battle was a costly win for the British, and forced them to leave Camden and retreat to the coast. After the Revolution, Camden's prominence and wealth grew as a major interior trading town with direct ties to Charleston and the world. Regional products, augmented with goods from the interior of North Carolina and far lands to the west were transported from Camden to Charleston on flat-bottom riverboats that plied the adjacent Wateree river before the railroad arrived in 1842.

Camden, although not involved directly with the Civil War, did send six generals who contributed significantly. Richard Rowland Kirkland – 'The Angel of Marye's Heights' – is interred in the Old Quaker Cemetery. At the end of the war, components of Sherman's army burned Confederate and nearby properties including a full block of downtown buildings. The last Federal officer killed in the Civil War died in a skirmish near Camden.

Starting in the mid-1880s the Camden area became an increasingly popular destination for wealthy northern families to spend the winter. Eventually three resort hotels provided state of the art winter tourism activities well into the 1930s and beyond. The town became associated with many equestrian activities, and is now the home of the third oldest active polo field in America. In the winter, more than 1,500 thoroughbreds call the area home. According to Kershaw County's web site, "Horse related activities became very popular. That interest in equine activities has continued and today the horse industry is a major part of the county economy. For that reason, the city is known as the 'Steeplechase Capital of the World'.”

Because of its long history and many years of wealthy winter visitors and deep-pocket northern owners, Camden has an enviable inventory of antebellum homes and charm that remains unique among towns of its size in South Carolina and elsewhere.

The Adamson Mounds Site, Belmont Neck Site -38KE06, Bethesda Presbyterian Church, Boykin Mill Complex, Camden Battlefield, Zachariah Cantey House, Carter Hill, City of Camden Historic District, Cool Springs, Thomas English House, Historic Camden Revolutionary War Restoration, Kendall Mill Historic District, McDowell Site, Mulberry Plantation, and Seaboard Air Line Railway Depot are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.^[6]

Demographics

As of the census^[1] of 2010, there were 6,838 people residing in the city limits, in 2,967 households and 1,800 families. The population density was 692.2 people per square mile (267.4/km²). There were 3,544 housing units at an average density of 331.8 per square mile (127.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 62.2% White, 35.1% African American, 0.20% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0% Pacific Islander, 2.7% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.4% of the population.

There were 2,967 households out of which 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.1% were married couples living together, 16.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.3% were non-families. 35.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 18.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the city, the population was spread out with 21.9% under the age of 18, 20.1% from 18 to 39, 34.5% from 40 to 64, 17.3% from 65 to 84, and 4.3% who were 85 years of age or older. The median age was 45.3 years. 45.0% of the population was male and 55.0% of the population was female.

The median income for a household in the city was $48,313, and the median income for a family was $62,140. Males had a median income of $42,597 versus $32,524 for females. The per capita income for the city was $26,385. About 13.7% of families and 15.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.3% of those under age 18 and 13.2% of those age 65 or over.

The Carolina Cup

The Carolina Cup is an annual event held on either the final Saturday in March or the first Saturday of April. The first race was held March 22, 1930 and has been held every year since, with the exception of 1943 and 1945, during World War II. The races have become a South Carolina tradition, and normally draw a crowd of over 70,000 spectators. "The Cup" has become a premier social sporting event in Camden and in South Carolina. The race is held at the Springdale Race Course, just north of Camden. The National Steeplechase Museum is located near the course.

Among major steeplechase horse races, it is unique that in South Carolina state law prohibits gambling on horse racing.

Historic landmarks

Government

Alfred Mae Drakeford, an African American female was elected as mayor of Camden in November 2016. Camden is represented in the South Carolina Senate by Vincent Sheheen, who was born in Camden. It is part of South Carolina's 5th Congressional District, which is represented by Ralph Norman.

Education

The Kershaw County School District is the governing body of the public schools in the area.

Public schools

Private schools

Higher education

Festivals

Held annually on the first Saturday of March, Irish Fest Camden, draws over 2000 visitors to its celebration of Saint Patrick's Day and Irish and Celtic culture in Camden, SC. Founded in 2017, the festival features live Irish music and dancing, the Lucky Leprechaun 5K race, heavy event athletics, a kids zone, arts & crafts, a Medieval/Renaissance encampment, Irish wolfhounds, Gypsy Vanner horses, exotic birds, food trucks, and festive green beer.

[https://www.historiccamden.org/revolutionary-war-field-days/ Revolutionary War Field Days], is the signature event, of [https://www.historiccamden.org/ Historic Camden], held the first full weekend of November since 1970. Hundreds of reenactors from across the country converge on our grounds to camp, battle, and celebrate over the weekend. Visitors will get a chance to be a spectator for a battle each day, and they will be able to walk through the camps of the combatants while seeing demonstrations of Colonial crafts and skills. Colonial sutlers (merchants) and scholars giving talks about the war are on site as well. More than 3,400 spectators and 350 reenactors and demonstrators attended the 2017 event.

Transportation

Neighborhoods

Media

The Chronicle-Independent has served as the local newspaper of Camden since 1889. WPUB-FM is a radio station licensed to Camden that broadcasts oldies format. WCAM 1590 is another radio station licensed to Camden, which broadcasts in adult standards format.

Notable people

References

1. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://factfinder2.census.gov |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=2008-01-31 |title=American FactFinder |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130911234518/http://factfinder2.census.gov/ |archivedate=September 11, 2013 |df= }}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|accessdate=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=United States Geological Survey|date=October 25, 2007}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |accessdate=2011-06-07 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archivedate=May 31, 2011 |df= }}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/45/4510855.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2012-02-06 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106042510/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/45/4510855.html |archivedate=January 6, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}
5. ^{{cite book|author=Charles Hudson|title=Knights of Spain, Warriors of the Sun: Hernando de Soto and the South's Ancient Chiefdoms|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vWJnGjxjJk8C|accessdate=February 16, 2012|date=September 1998|publisher=University of Georgia Press|isbn=978-0-8203-2062-5|pages=234–238}}
6. ^{{NRISref|version=2010a}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.2016.html|title=Population and Housing Unit Estimates|accessdate=June 9, 2017}}
8. ^{{cite news|first=Dan |last=O'Mara |title=Winthrop alum Lois Rhame West, former SC first lady and 'bright light,' dies |url=http://www.heraldonline.com/2014/05/06/5936413/winthrop-alum-lois-rhame-west.html |work=The Herald (Rock Hill) |publisher= |date=May 6, 2014 |accessdate=2014-07-13}}