词条 | Canal+ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
| name = Canal+ | logofile = Canal+.svg | logosize = 225px | launch = {{Start date|1984|11|4|df=yes}} | closed date = | picture format = 1080i HDTV {{small|(downscaled to 9 576i for the SDTV feed)}} | share = 1.4% | share as of = December 2018 | share source = Médiamétrie | network = Canal+ Group | owner = Vivendi | key people = | slogan = {{en icon}} (Creator and original since 1984) | motto = | country = France | language = French | affiliates = | headquarters = Issy-les-Moulineaux, Paris, France | former names = | replaced names = | replaced by names = | timeshift names = | web = {{URL|http://www.mycanal.fr}} | sat serv 1 = Dish Network | sat chan 1 = Channel 2010 | sat serv 2 = DirecTV | sat chan 2 = Channel 2010 | cable serv 1 = Comcast | cable chan 1 = Channel 2010 | iptv serv 1 = Canal | iptv chan 1 = Channel 4 & 9 (SD/HD) Channel 503 (HD) }} Canal+ (Canal Plus, {{IPA-fr|kanalˈplys}}, meaning 'Channel Plus'; sometimes abbreviated C+) is a French premium television channel launched in 1984. It is 100% owned by the Canal+ Group, which in turn is owned by Vivendi. The channel broadcasts several kinds of programming, mostly encrypted. Unencrypted programming can be viewed free of charge on Canal+ and on satellite on Canal+ Clair (Clear). Canal+ is a supporter of the Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV (HbbTV) initiative, which promotes and establishes an open European standard for hybrid set-top boxes for the reception of broadcast TV and broadband multimedia applications with a single user interface. Since November 2017, Canal+ began to expand their catalogue internationally through the international feed, Canal+ International. HistoryAfter the announcement about the launch of the fourth French television channel, Canal+ started broadcasting on 4 November 1984. In 1986, the channel had one million subscribers. It has produced numerous films of auteurs, including David Lynch's The Straight Story, Mulholland Dr., and Inland Empire. From 2000 to 2002, Virginie Calmels successively held two positions, that of financial director and then CEO.[1][2] With the launch of the digital satellite service CanalSatellite on 27 April 1996, Canal+ received two new sister channels: Canal+ Jaune and Canal+ Bleu.[3] A fourth channel, called Canal+ Vert came along on 31 August 1998. The channels changed their names to Canal+ Confort (now known as Canal+ Décalé since 2005), Canal+ Cinéma and Canal+ Sport on 1 November 2003. In September 2005, Canal+, Canal+ Cinéma and Canal+ Sport started broadcasting in the French digital terrestrial television network. The free-to-air parts of Canal+ had already been broadcasting for a few months by then. In August 2008, Canal+ started broadcasting the encrypted parts of its main channel in high-definition in the terrestrial network. Canal+ announced plans to turn off the analogue terrestrial signals by 2010.[4] An account of the rise of Canal+ and CanalSatellite, and the establishment of the Canal+ Group as a major satellite broadcaster in Europe is given in the book, High Above, which tells the story of the foundation and development of the leading European satellite operator, Astra. In February 2013, for €29 million per year, Canal+ bought the TV rights for the FIA Formula One World Championship. The same year, the group bought the rights to the English Premier League, the most watched football league in the world.[5] In July 2014, the launch of a new pan-African TV channel - A+ - was announced. Based in Abidjan (Ivory Coast), it aims to become the leading television company in French-speaking Africa.[6] In September 2015, Vincent Bolloré -Chairman of Vivendi- was appointed as chairman of Canal Plus. He changed several former executives and aligned Canal +'s operations with Vivendi's.[7] On November 15, 2017, Quebec cable system Videotron began carrying Canal+ International, marking it the first provider to carry the channel.[8] It is also the second attempt at making Canal+ available in Canada since the former paid Canal+ Canada channel on Dailymotion, launched in 2013.[9] As of August 2018, Canal+ International is on U.S. satellite provider DirecTV in HD on channel 2010. Programmes
Sister channelsLes Chaînes Canal+[10] is the brand name used for all the Canal+-branded channels in France. Prior to 2008 it was called Canal+ Le Bouquet.
International versions{{Split portions|section=y|date=March 2018|Canal+ Group|existing=y}}As Canal+ was launched in new markets the brand has been used in several countries. When launching additional channels the channels were usually given colour-coded names, such as Canal+ Blue, Canal+ Green, Canal+ Yellow and Canal+ Red. Many of these subsidiaries have been sold and as of 2007, only the Spanish and Polish Canal+ were partially owned by French Canal+.
See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=9512771&privcapId=5398383|title=Virginie Calmels: Executive Profile & Biography - Bloomberg|website=Bloomberg.com|access-date=2017-09-20}} 2. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.assystem.com/ContentFiles/GalleryCMS/2499/Assystem_VCalmels_VA_2248.pdf|title=Virginie Calmels joins the Assystem Board of Directors|last=|first=|date=2016|website=Assystem.com|access-date=}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.canalplusgroup.com/pid163.htm#anch_26|title=L'histoire du Groupe Canal+ de 1983 à nos jours|accessdate=3 April 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/67Q0L85Br?url=http://www.canalplusgroup.com/pid163.htm|archivedate=4 May 2012|df=dmy-all}} 4. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.broadbandtvnews.com/?p=16260|title=Canal plans analogue switch-off|date=3 April 2009|website=Broadbandtvnews.com}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thenational.ae/sport/football/ligue-1-nets-nearly-1-billion-for-tv-rights|title=Ligue 1 nets nearly $1 billion for TV rights|website=Thenational.ae|accessdate=17 August 2018}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lemonde.fr/economie/article/2014/07/09/canal-lance-a-pour-le-public-familial-africain_4453892_3234.html|title=Canal+ lance A+ pour le « public familial africain »|website=Lemonde.fr|accessdate=17 August 2018}} 7. ^{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/2015/biz/global/vincent-bollore-canal-plus-management-vivendi-1201589195/|title=Vincent Bollore Shakes Up Canal Plus Management|last=Keslassy|first=Elsa|date=2015-09-10|work=Variety|access-date=2017-09-20|language=en-US}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.lesoleil.com/arts/canal-chez-videotron-a-la-mi-novembre-a52d3adb66a302888ca9445e3677e133|title=Canal+ chez Vidéotron à la mi-novembre|date=30 October 2017|website=Lesoliel.com|accessdate=17 August 2018}} 9. ^https://www.lapresse.ca/arts/medias/201310/16/01-4700274-canal-au-canada-sur-internet-via-dailymotion.php 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.vivendi.com/vivendi/Canal-EN|title=Les Chaînes Canal+ : Programs for all tastes|accessdate=25 June 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207205520/http://www.vivendi.com/vivendi/Canal-EN|archivedate=7 February 2009|df=dmy-all}} 11. ^Fransen gaan Nederlanders vermaken, Trouw, Dorien Pels, 26 July 1997 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ad.nl/ad/nl/1002/Show/article/detail/2361973/2006/01/31/Canal-wordt-Sport1-en-Film1.dhtml|title=Cookies op AD.nl - AD.nl|website=Ad.nl|accessdate=17 August 2018}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sport1.nl/nieuws/102986-sport1-heet-vanaf-12-november-ziggo-sport-totaal.html|title=Ziggo Sport|website=Sport1.nl|accessdate=17 August 2018}} 14. ^[https://sites.sonypicturestelevision.com/aboutspt/viewPR.php?id=276 SONY PICTURES TELEVISION CLOSES FILM1 DEAL] Sonypicturestelevision.com, Retrieved on July 26, 2015 External links
7 : Vivendi subsidiaries|Television stations in France|French-language television stations|Television channels and stations established in 1984|European Broadcasting Union members|Pay television|Canal+ Group |
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