| 词条 | Chatham main line |
| 释义 |
|box_width = auto |name = Chatham main line |color = |logo = |logo_width = |image = |image_width = 321px |caption = |type = Commuter rail |system = National Rail |status = Operational |locale = Greater London South East England |start = London Victoria |end = Ramsgate Dover Priory |stations = |routes = |daily_ridership = |open = |close = |owner = Network Rail |operator = Southeastern Thameslink |character = |depot = |stock = Class 375 "Electrostar" Class 395 "Javelin" Class 465 "Networker" Class 466 "Networker" Class 700 "Desiro City" |linelength = |tracklength = |tracks = |gauge = {{track gauge|uksg|allk=on}} |electrification = 750 V DC third rail |speed = {{convert|145|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} }}{{Chatham Main Line}} The Chatham main line is a railway line in England that links London Victoria[1] and Dover Priory / Ramsgate, travelling via Medway (of which the town of Chatham is part, hence the name). Services to Cannon Street follow the route as far as St Mary Cray Junction where they diverge onto the South Eastern main line near Chislehurst. Thameslink services to Luton run in parallel from Rainham to Rochester, diverging once across the River Medway at Rochester Bridge Junction onto the North Kent Line via Gravesend and Dartford. A shuttle service operates on the Sheerness Line which starts at Sittingbourne. Heading away from Victoria, between Farningham Road and Longfield Stations, the line which was originally used by Eurostar trains running from Waterloo International towards Fawkham Junction to access High Speed 1 still exists, but is no longer in use. At one time this line was reserved for emergency use only by Class 395 Javelins travelling to/from Ashford International, but as the route knowledge has not been updated, no trains run on this line any more. The Eurostar trains can no longer use this line as the Class 373s had their 750V DC third rail shoes removed in 2007, and most have recently been replaced by the new Class 374 trains which have not had 750 V DC third rail shoes installed in the first place. ServicesMost services on the Line are run by Southeastern, part of Govia Group, which also operate the Southern, Thameslink and the Great Northern franchises. Govia Thameslink Railway run some Thameslink services, the first starting from {{rws|London Blackfriars}} and travelling via {{rws|Denmark Hill}} on the Catford Loop, joining at Shortlands Junction, travelling to {{rws|Swanley}} before heading to {{rws|Sevenoaks}}. The second service starts from {{rws|Kentish Town}} and also travels via the Catford Loop to Shortlands Junction, travelling to {{rws|Bickley}} before heading off to {{rws|Orpington}}. The final service starts at {{rws|Luton}} and goes via {{rws|London Bridge}}, {{rws|Greenwich}}, {{rws|Dartford}} and {{rws|Gravesend}} to {{rws|Rochester}} before terminating at Rainham in the bay platform 0. While travelling between Bromley South and London Victoria, the trains can either travel on the main line, through Beckenham Junction, Herne Hill and Brixton, or can be divert via the Catford Loop Line, coming away from the main line at Shortlands Junction, travelling through {{rws|Catford}} and {{rws|Peckham Rye}}, and then just past {{rws|Brixton}} it either picks up the Southeastern line all the way, or can follow the Southern (Atlantic) Line through {{rws|Clapham High Street}} before crossing back over to the Southeastern Line to London Victoria. The hourly stopping service is now scheduled to run via {{rws|Catford}}, additionally stopping at {{rws|Denmark Hill}}. The off-peak timetable consists of two trains per hour from Victoria, calling at {{rws|Bromley South}}, {{rws|Longfield}}, {{rws|Meopham}}, {{rws|Rochester}}, {{rws|Chatham}}, Gillingham and Rainham. One service will call at {{rws|Newington}}, {{rws|Sittingbourne}}, {{rws|Teynham}} and {{rws|Faversham}}, then all stations to {{rws|Dover Priory}} via {{rws|Canterbury East}}. The other service will just call at {{rws|Sittingbourne}} and {{rws|Faversham}}, then all stations to {{rws|Margate}} and {{rws|Ramsgate}}. These trains no longer split or join up at {{rws|Faversham}}. There is an hourly service from Victoria calling at {{rws|Denmark Hill}} via the Catford Loop, {{rws|Bromley South}}, {{rws|St Mary Cray}} then all stations to Gillingham. It then becomes a semi-fast service, calling at Rainham, {{rws|Sittingbourne}}, {{rws|Faversham}}, {{rws|Canterbury East}}, terminating at {{rws|Dover Priory}}. A High Speed Service sees two trains per hour from {{rws|St Pancras International}} to {{rws|Faversham}} via {{rws|Gravesend}} and {{rws|Chatham}}. One service terminates at {{rws|Faversham}} before travelling back to {{rws|St Pancras International}} via {{rws|Chatham}} and {{rws|Gravesend}}. The other service continues coastbound as a semi-fast service calling at {{rws|Whitstable}}, {{rws|Herne Bay}}, {{rws|Birchington}}, {{rws|Margate}}, {{rws|Broadstairs}} and {{rws|Ramsgate}}. It then carries on, stopping at {{rws|Sandwich}}, {{rws|Deal}}, {{rws|Walmer}}, {{rws|Martin Mill}}, {{rws|Dover Priory}}, {{rws|Folkestone Central}}, {{rws|Folkestone West}} and {{rws|Ashford International}}, before picking up the High Speed Line to {{rws|Ebbsfleet International}}, {{rws|Stratford International}} and arriving back at {{rws|St Pancras International}}. A service operates in the opposite direction. There is one other High Speed Service that runs on a small part of the line, starting from {{rws|Margate}} and calling at {{rws|Broadstairs}} and {{rws|Ramsgate}} before heading to {{rws|Canterbury West}}, and {{rws|Ashford International}}, then picking up the High Speed Line and calling at the remaining stations to {{rws|St Pancras International}}. A Thameslink service now starts from Rainham and calls at nearly all stations via {{rws|Strood}}, {{rws|Gravesend}}, {{rws|Dartford}}, {{rws|Abbey Wood}} (for future Elizabeth line / Crossrail services), {{rws|Woolwich Arsenal}} and {{rws|Greenwich}} (both for the Docklands Light Railway), {{rws|London Bridge}}, {{rws|Blackfriars}} and beyond. Passengers for {{rws|Waterloo East}}, {{rws|Charing Cross}} or {{rws|Cannon Street}} now have to change at {{rws|London Bridge}}. Rolling stockThe following trains are operated on the line : Class 465 "Networker" since 1992, Class 466 "Networker" since 1993, Class 375 "Electrostar" since 2001, Class 395 "Javelin" since 2009, and 8-car British Rail Class 700 since 2018. HistoryThe line was built by the London, Chatham and Dover Railway, who were in competition with the South Eastern Railway (hence the duplication of stations in Kent). They subsequently built lines to Sevenoaks and Ashford (via Maidstone) from the Chatham main line. The line was electrified (750 V DC third rail) in a series of stages. Initially the new Southern Railway electrified the urban (within London) workings of the SECR in the 1920s. In July 1925 "South Eastern Electrification (Stage 1)" saw the line from Victoria to junction with the South Eastern main line at Bickley, including the Catford Loop Line electrified.[2] This was extended to outer suburban workings to Sevenoaks via Swanley (Bickley junction to Swanley) in two stages, reaching St Mary Cray in May 1934[2] and Swanley in January 1935.[2] Full outer suburban electrification was achieved with the "Maidstone & Gillingham Electrification" scheme in July 1939, extending electrification from Swanley to Gillingham.[2] Post war, under the BR's 1955 Modernisation plan, electrification was completed (Gillingham to Ramsgate and Dover) under "Kent Coast Electrification" stage 1 in 1959.[2] At the same time the four track section between Shortlands and St Mary Cray junction was extended to Swanley Junction with a complete rebuilding of the St Mary Cray Junction. Two passing loops were added (to create a four-track section) between Rainham and Newington. A short branch was built during World War One to service the construction of RAF Manston with a junction off the up line at Birchington on Sea. East Kent re-signalling projectThe idea of this project is for control of East Kent from Longfield to Ramsgate and just short of Dover Priory to be under the control of the East Kent Signalling Centre (EKSC) based at Gillingham. Phase 1 of the project was carried out over the Christmas and New Year period of 2011, which involved the complete re-signalling from just East of Sittingbourne to Faversham, then on to Minster Junction and Buckland Junction, just short of Dover Priory. The old signal boxes were then abolished at Faversham, Margate, Ramsgate, Canterbury East and Shepherdswell. Phase 2 involved the re-signalling of the line between Sittingbourne to Longfield and Strood, including the Sheerness Branch Line and the Medway Valley Line to operate from the East Kent Signalling Centre at Gillingham, which is now operational. This means that the Signal Boxes at Rainham and Rochester have now closed, although Sittingbourne remains open as a relay signal box for the Sheerness Branch Line, controlled from Gillingham. On 13 December 2015, a new £26M Rochester station on Corporation Street opened 500 m west of the original station which it replaced. This station has three platforms and can accommodate 12-car trains instead of the 10-cars maximum length at the original station. Some 12-car peak-time trains are additionally stopping here. At the time, only platforms 1 and 2 were operational. From Easter 2016, Platform 3 was only a Bay Platform with a maximum length of eight cars, but since 10 October 2016, Platform 3 became a through platform with services either able to head towards the Kent Coast or terminating here before head back up towards London. At the East End of the platform, a third line now runs all the way up to the old Rochester Station passing through what was Platform 4 before rejoining the Down Main towards Chatham. This can also enable long freight trains to be held here, allowing passenger services to pass, therefore removing a potential bottleneck. Rainham has a new bay platform off the up-line, which can accommodate a 12-car train, labelled Platform 0. It was being used temporarily as a Terminus for a couple of evening rush hour trains, but since the introduction of the new Thameslink Metro timetable in 2018, this is now the terminus for services to Luton via Gravesend, Dartford, Woolwich Arsenal and Greenwich, stopping at all but a few stations to London Bridge. Strood has also been lengthened to accommodate 12-car trains. Accidents and incidents
GallerySee also
References{{more footnotes|date=September 2009}}1. ^Quail Map 5 – England South [pages 2–13] Sept 2002 (Retrieved 14 December 2011) 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|title=Electric Railways|publisher='Stendec Systems'|year=2007|url=http://www.electric-railways.co.uk/L2_DC_750_CR/1_general/g3_proj/prj-0d75-sr.html|accessdate=29 March 2007|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928003510/http://www.electric-railways.co.uk/L2_DC_750_CR/1_general/g3_proj/prj-0d75-sr.html|archivedate=28 September 2007|df=dmy-all}} 3. ^{{cite book |title=Southern Electric |first=John |last=Glover |publisher=Ian Allan |location=Hersham |year=2001 |page=141 |isbn=0 7110 2807 9}} External links{{commons category|Chatham Main Line}}{{Railway lines in London}}{{Railway lines in South East England}} 9 : Rail transport in Kent|Transport in the London Borough of Bromley|Transport in the London Borough of Lambeth|Transport in Medway|Transport in the London Borough of Southwark|Transport in the London Borough of Wandsworth|Railway lines in London|Railway lines in South East England|Standard gauge railways in England |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。