| 词条 | Chernobog |
| 释义 |
The only known historical sources for this god are a 12th-century Christian chronicle and the 10th-century Icelandic legend Knýtlinga saga, which describe him as a dark, accursed deity.[1] Although the ancient Slavic religion was chiefly polytheistic with a wide pantheon of gods, he has been historically assumed to be the dualistic counterpart or contrasting aspect of the "good" deity, Belobog (the "white god"). This dualism is a common theme amongst Eurasian religions.[1][2][3] In modern depictions, such as video games and film, Chernobog is generally portrayed as a demon or monster with a grotesque or frightening appearance, often linked to darkness and death. SourcesA longstanding historic source on Slavic mythology mentioning Chernobog is the 12th century Chronica Slavorum, a work written by the German priest-scribe Helmold which describes customs and beliefs of several Wendish and Polabian tribes, who were mostly still pagans at the time. He wrote thus in Medieval Latin:[4][5][3] {{cquote|The Slavs, too, have a strange conviction: At their feasts and carousals they pass about a libation bowl over which they utter words — I should not say of {{wikteng|consecration}} but of {{wikteng|execration}} — in the name of the gods. Of the good one, as well as of the bad one, they profess that all propitious fortune is arranged by the good god, and all adverse by the bad god. Hence, also, in their language they call the bad god Diabol,{{efn|It is of note that "Diabol" means "devil" in the Slavic languages, and is cognate to the English word.}} or Zcerneboch, that is, the "Black God".{{hidden begin|title = Latin original text |toggle = left }} Est autem Slavorum mirabilis error; nam in conviviis et compotacionibus suis pateram circumferunt, in quam conferunt, non dicam consecracionis, sed execracionis verba sub nomine deorum, boni scilicet atque mali, omnem prosperam fortunam a bono deo, adversam a malo dirigi profitentes. Unde etiam malum deum lingua sua Diabol sive Zcerneboch, id est nigrum deum, appellant. {{hidden end}}|author=Helmold of Bosau|source=Chronica Slavorum}}This passage has been the cornerstone for defenders of the thesis that Chernobog was an evil god part of a Slavic dualism, at least in that distinction.[3] Folklore{{expand-section|date=November 2018}}The name of Chernobog, or more accurately the meaning of his name, is preserved in several curses in Slavic languages.[1] A veneration of this deity perhaps survived in the folklore of several Slavic nations. In some South Slavic vernaculars, there exists the phrase do zla boga (meaning "to [the] evil god", or perhaps "to [the] evil [of] god"), used as an attribute to express something which is exceedingly negative.{{citation needed|date=May 2017}} In popular cultureChernobog is a playable character in the popular MOBA game Smite, under the Hunter class.[6] Chernobog is an antagonist character in the Heirs of Alexandria series. Chernobog is also the great, black demonic figure in the Walt Disney adaptation of the Modest Mussorgsky piece Night on Bald Mountain in the 1940 film Fantasia. This version appears as a boss in Kingdom Hearts and Dream Drop Distance In the novel American Gods by Neil Gaiman, Czernobog is featured as a recurring character. He is played by Peter Stormare in the Starz TV series American Gods. Chernobog, specifically his Fantasia incarnation, is referenced with the design of the Dark One, Avoozl, in Shadows of Darkness. Avoozl emerges from a mountain in a manner akin to Chernobog awakening during the Night on Bald Mountain sequence, and appears as a mountainous, bat-winged, demonic monster. Tchernobog is the primary antagonist of the 1997 first-person shooter video game Blood who controls the cult known as "the Cabal". He is depicted as a "Dark God" of many incarnations, with a bloodied, horned, and monstrous appearance.[7] Chernobog appears in multiple entries of the Shin Megami Tensei series of JRPGs as a summonable monster. He appears usually as a bald, purple humanoid cloaked in a red scarf and holding a large scythe.[8] Chernobog appears in Naomi Novik's 2018 fantasy novel, Spinning Silver, which is inspired by Eastern European mythology. Chernobog along with the "Peacock Angel" appears in S.M.Stirling's "The Peshawar Lancers" Notes{{notelist}}References1. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Slavic-religion#|title=Slavic religion|last=Gasparini|first=Evel|date=n.d.|website=Encyclopædia Britannica|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=17 November 2018}} {{Slavic religion}}{{Slavic mythology}}2. ^{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eD5AkdM83iIC&pg=PA37|title=Encyclopedia of Russian & Slavic Myth and Legend|author=Mike Dixon-Kennedy|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=1998|isbn=978-1-57607-063-5|pages=37–}} 3. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Oe-EAAAAIAAJ&q=%22est+autem+Slavorum%22&dq=%22est+autem+Slavorum%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjbr4-VmdjeAhVCh-AKHWPqC1o4ChDoAQgpMAc|title=Revue d'Histoire et de Philosophie Religieuses|date=1969|publisher=Presses Universitaires de France|language=fr}} 4. ^{{cite book |editor-last=Tschan |editor-first=Francis Joseph |translator=Tschan, Francis Joseph |title=The Chronicle of the Slavs |author=Helmold of Bosau |year=1935 |publisher=Columbia University Press |location=New York |page=159}} 5. ^{{cite book |last=Helmoldus |title=Chronica Slavorum |year=1581 |location=Frankfurt |editor=Reiner Reineccius |page=44 |chapter=Caput LIII}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.smitegame.com/gods/chernobog |title=SMITE |website=www.smitegame.com |access-date=2018-09-08 |df=dmy-all}} 7. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rIXfagwcr4wC&q=chernobog+blood+game+fps&dq=chernobog+blood+game+fps&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjy5bjYjtjeAhXDxlkKHahxAoUQ6AEICjAB|title=Blood: The Official Strategy Guide|last=Odom|first=Mel|last2=Chapman|first2=Ted|date=1997|publisher=Prima Pub.|isbn=9780761509325|language=en}} 8. ^{{cite video game | title = Shin Megami Tensei (series) | developer = Atlus | publisher = Atlus | date = 1994-2018| platform = Various platforms | version = | scene = | level = | language = | quote = }} 4 : Slavic gods|Chaos gods|Underworld gods|Death gods |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。