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词条 Chess Oscar
释义

  1. Statuette

  2. Winners

  3. By person

  4. By nation

  5. References

Chess Oscar was an international award given annually to the best chess player. The winner was selected by votes that are cast by chess journalists from across the world.

The traditional voting procedure was to request hundreds of chess journalists from many countries to submit a list of the ten best players of the year. The voters were journalists who knew the game and followed it closely, and so the honor was highly prized. The award itself took the form of a bronze statuette representing a man in a boat.[1] The prize was created and awarded in 1967 by Spanish journalist Jorge Puig, and the International Association of Chess Press (AIP). The awards were given from 1967 until 1988. Then, after a pause, they resumed in 1995, and were then organized by the Russian chess magazine 64.[2][3]

64 ceased publication in 2014, and the awards have not been made since.

Statuette

The statuette's final form, a man in a boat, was carved by the sculptor Alexander Smirnov. It represented a figure known as "The Fascinated Wanderer", which refers to a short story written in 1873 by 19th-century Russian author Nikolai Leskov. In this story, the title character, Ivan Flyagin, is a horse trainer and a brute of a man. From his birth his mother has promised that Ivan's life would be devoted to the church. Ivan spends many years avoiding this fate, but eventually gives in and becomes a monk, not for spiritual reasons, but due to a poverty of opportunity.[4][5]

The Chess Oscar statuette originally took the form of "The Lady of the Umbrella", a figure based on a statue in Parc de la Ciutadella in Barcelona, Spain.[6][7][8]

Winners

Year Player Country
1967 Bent|Larsen}} {{DEN}}
1968 Boris|Spassky}} {{URS}}
1969 Boris|Spassky}} {{URS}}
1970 Bobby|Fischer}} {{USA}}
1971 Bobby|Fischer}} {{USA}}
1972 Bobby|Fischer}} {{USA}}
1973 Anatoly|Karpov}} {{URS}}
1974 Anatoly|Karpov}} {{URS}}
1975 Anatoly|Karpov}} {{URS}}
1976 Anatoly|Karpov}} {{URS}}
1977 Anatoly|Karpov}} {{URS}}
1978 Viktor|Korchnoi}} {{CHE}}
1979 Anatoly|Karpov}} {{URS}}
1980 Anatoly|Karpov}} {{URS}}
1981 Anatoly|Karpov}} {{URS}}
1982 Garry|Kasparov}} {{URS}}
1983 Garry|Kasparov}} {{URS}}
1984 Anatoly|Karpov}} {{URS}}
1985 Garry|Kasparov}} {{URS}}
1986 Garry|Kasparov}} {{URS}}
1987 Garry|Kasparov}} {{URS}}
1988 Garry|Kasparov}} {{URS}}
1989–94 no awards
1995 Garry|Kasparov}} {{RUS}}
1996 Garry|Kasparov}} {{RUS}}
1997 Viswanathan|Anand}} {{IND}}
1998 Viswanathan|Anand}} {{IND}}
1999 Garry|Kasparov}} {{RUS}}
2000 Vladimir|Kramnik}} {{RUS}}
2001 Garry|Kasparov}} {{RUS}}
2002 Garry|Kasparov}}[9] {{RUS}}
2003 Viswanathan|Anand}}[10][11] {{IND}}
2004 Viswanathan|Anand}} {{IND}}
2005 Veselin|Topalov}}[12] {{BUL}}
2006 Vladimir|Kramnik}}[13] {{RUS}}
2007 Viswanathan|Anand}}[14] {{IND}}
2008 Viswanathan|Anand}}[15] {{IND}}
2009 Magnus|Carlsen}}[16] {{NOR}}
2010 Magnus|Carlsen}}[17] {{NOR}}
2011 Magnus|Carlsen}}[18] {{NOR}}
2012 Magnus|Carlsen}}[19] {{NOR}}
2013 Magnus|Carlsen}}[20] {{NOR}}

By person

Player Country Wins
Garry|Kasparov}} {{URS}}, later {{RUS}} 11
Anatoly|Karpov}} {{URS}} 9
Viswanathan|Anand}} {{IND}} 6
Magnus|Carlsen}} {{NOR}} 5
Bobby|Fischer}} {{USA}} 3
Boris|Spassky}} {{URS}} 2
Vladimir|Kramnik}} {{RUS}} 2
Bent|Larsen}} {{DEN}} 1
Viktor|Korchnoi}} {{CHE}} 1
Veselin|Topalov}} {{BUL}} 1

By nation

Country Wins
{{URS}} 17
{{RUS}} 7
{{IND}} 6
{{NOR}} 5
{{USA}} 3
{{BUL}} 1
{{DEN}} 1
{{CHE}} 1

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.64.ru/?/en/news/item=766|title=64.ru|publisher=64.ru|accessdate=22 November 2014}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.myetymology.com/encyclopedia/Oscar_of_the_Chess.html|title=Oscar of the Chess - SpeedyLook encyclopedia|publisher=Myetymology.com|accessdate=22 November 2014}}
3. ^Hill, Tata McGraw. General Knowledge Digest 2010. Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited. 2010
4. ^Leskov, Nikolai. The Enchanted Wanderer: Selected Tales, Modern Library Classics, 2003. {{ISBN|0-8129-6696-1}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/books/article-2325520/SHORT-STORIES.html|title=Fox, Genevieve. The Daily Mail. 16 May 2013|work=Mail Online|accessdate=22 November 2014}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www6.chessclub.com/mailing/2008/05e/news.html|title=ICC Weekly Newsletter. Vol. 3. Issue 22. May 30, 2008|publisher=Chessclub.com|accessdate=22 November 2014}}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.postcrossing.com/postcards/ES-107923|title=Postcard ES-107923: Lady with umbrella - Citadel Park - Barcelona, Spain From carronada|publisher=Postcrossing.com|accessdate=22 November 2014}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.myetymology.com/encyclopedia/Oscar_of_the_Chess.html|title=Oscar of the Chess - SpeedyLook encyclopedia|publisher=Myetlmology.com|accessdate=22 November 2014}}
9. ^Kasparov wins 2002 Chess Oscar, ChessBase News, 9-May-2003
10. ^Anand wins Chess Oscar for third time, rediff.com, 6-May-2004
11. ^Anand wins third Chess Oscar, ChessBase News, 8-May-2004
12. ^Chess Oscar 2005 for Veselin Topalov, ChessBase News, 30-April-2006
13. ^Chess Oscar 2006, The Week in Chess 654, 21-May-2007
14. ^Anand Wins Chess Oscars for 2007, ChessBase News, 8-May-2008
15. ^“Oscar” prize to be brought to Baku for the first time! {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110823212715/http://en.apa.az/news.php?id=100832# |date=2011-08-23 }}, APA News, 21 Apr 2009, access date 2009-04-22.
16. ^And the 2009 Oscar goes to ... Magnus Carlsen!, Chessvibes November 17, 2010.
17. ^Carlsen beats Anand to 2010 Chess Oscar, Why Chess, 29 Jul 2011.
18. ^Oscar 2011 - Magnus Carlsen, ChessPro, 2 Nov 2012.
19. ^Oscar 2012 - Magnus Carlsen, Chess-news-ru, 12 Jun 2013.
20. ^[https://twitter.com/pogonina/status/538633152710049793 Oscar 2013 - Magnus Carlsen], Natalia Pogonina on Twitter, 29 Nov 2014.

4 : Chess titles|1967 in chess|1995 in chess|Awards established in 1967
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