| 词条 | Chilpancingo |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Chilpancingo de los Bravo |other_name = |native_name = |nickname = Ciudad Bravo |settlement_type = |motto = |image_skyline = Chilpancingo Collage.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Collage, Top:Chilpancingo Saint Mary Cathedral, Second left:A kiosko in Alameda Park (Parque la Alameda), Second right:Museo de la Avispa (Avispa Museum), Third left:Chilpancingo Francisco Assisi Church, Third upper right:Guerrero Government Palace, Third lower right:Chilpancingo City Hall, Bottoms left:Sentimientos de la Nacion en Chilpancingo (Chilpancingo Feeling the Nation Arena), Bottom right:Museo de Regional de Guerrero (Regional Museum of Guerrero) |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = Escudo de Chilpancingo.jpg |seal_size = 150px |image_shield = |shield_size = |city_logo = |citylogo_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Mexico |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption = |pushpin_mapsize = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = Mexico |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Guerrero |subdivision_type2 = Municipality |subdivision_name2 = Chilpancingo de los Bravo |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title =Mayor |leader_name =Mario Moreno Arce (2012-2015, PRI) |leader_title1 = |leader_name1 = |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = Founded |established_date = November 1, 1591 |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |area_magnitude = |unit_pref = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = Municipality |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi = 902.86 |population_as_of =2010 |population_footnotes = |population_note = |population_total = 187251 |population_density_km2 = |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title = Municipality |population_blank1 = 214,219 |population_blank2_title = Demonym |population_blank2 = Chilpancingueño |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi = |timezone = CST |utc_offset = −6 |timezone_DST = CDT |utc_offset_DST = −5 |coordinates = {{coord|17|33|N|99|30|W|region:MX|display=inline,title}} |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = 1253 |elevation_ft = |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = 39000 |area_code = 747 |blank_name = |blank_info = |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = chilpancingo.gob.mx |footnotes = }} Chilpancingo de los Bravo (commonly shortened to Chilpancingo; {{IPA-es|tʃilpanˈsiŋɡo|-|ChilpancingoPronunciation.ogg}}) is the capital and second-largest city of the state of Guerrero, Mexico. In 2010 it had a population of 187,251 people. The municipality has an area of {{convert|2,338.4|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} in the south-central part of the state, situated in the Sierra Madre del Sur, on the bank of the Huacapa River.[2] The city is on Mexican Federal Highway 95 which connects Acapulco to Mexico City. It is served by Chilpancingo National Airport, which is one of the five airports in the state. HistoryIn pre-Columbian times, the area was occupied by the Olmecs, who built an extensive tunnel network through the mountains, and left the cave paintings in the caverns of Juxtlahuaca.[2] The city of Chilpancingo was founded on November 1, 1591 by the Spanish conquistadores, its name meaning (“Place of Wasps”).[2] During the War of Independence, Chilpancingo was crucial to the insurgent cause as its population participated actively and decisively in their favor, and became a strategic point for military action in the south. Chilpancingo was very important to Mexican history because it was here where the National Congress met under José María Morelos y Pavón in 1813 during the Mexican War of Independence.[3] General Nicolás Catalán, husband of the independence war heroine Antonia Nava de Catalán, was made commander of the state of Guerrero on 24 January 1828. The family settled in Chilpancingo, where both Nicolás and Antonia later died.[4] In 1853, Chilpancingo was declared the provisional capital of the state, due to an epidemic that struck the then capital of Tixtla, and regional ecclesiastical organizational changes were made at the same time.[5] In 1870 it was again declared capital by Governor Francisco O. Arce, due to the opposition led by General Jimenez, who was in possession of the official seat of government at Tixtla. It was not until 1871, when the state legislature agreed to a change of venue, that the capital was moved again from Chilpancingo.[6] During the Mexican Revolution, Chilpancingo was deeply troubled, and had political and administrative importance as a strategic place for the sides in the debate. Battles took place in the vicinity in the 1910s, in which Emiliano Zapata defeated federal forces of Porfirio Diaz, Francisco I. Madero, Victoriano Huerta and Venustiano Carranza. A major defeat of Huerta's southern forces took place here in March April 1914;[7] the Zapatistas took the town until after the Constitutional Convention. In 1960, the city entered a severe social crisis with the start of a student popular movement at the Autonomous University of Guerrero, protests which led to a general strike at the institution and later swarmed to various forces and social sectors of the city and the state.[8] The main objective was to diminish the power of the state government and seek autonomy for the college. On April 27, 2009 an earthquake with a magnitude of 5.6 was centered near Chilpancingo.[9] GeographyClimate{{Weather box |location = Chilpancingo (1951–2010) |metric first = yes |single line = yes |temperature colour = |Jan record high C = 35.0 |Feb record high C = 35.0 |Mar record high C = 37.0 |Apr record high C = 38.2 |May record high C = 39.0 |Jun record high C = 37.5 |Jul record high C = 37.0 |Aug record high C = 35.5 |Sep record high C = 34.0 |Oct record high C = 34.0 |Nov record high C = 34.0 |Dec record high C = 32.5 |year record high C = 39.0 |Jan high C = 27.9 |Feb high C = 28.6 |Mar high C = 30.2 |Apr high C = 31.2 |May high C = 31.3 |Jun high C = 28.9 |Jul high C = 27.9 |Aug high C = 28.3 |Sep high C = 27.6 |Oct high C = 28.1 |Nov high C = 28.3 |Dec high C = 27.7 |year high C = 28.8 |Jan mean C = 19.5 |Feb mean C = 20.2 |Mar mean C = 21.5 |Apr mean C = 23.1 |May mean C = 24.0 |Jun mean C = 23.2 |Jul mean C = 22.5 |Aug mean C = 22.7 |Sep mean C = 22.3 |Oct mean C = 22.1 |Nov mean C = 21.2 |Dec mean C = 19.8 |year mean C = 21.8 |Jan low C = 11.1 |Feb low C = 11.8 |Mar low C = 12.9 |Apr low C = 14.9 |May low C = 16.6 |Jun low C = 17.5 |Jul low C = 17.0 |Aug low C = 17.0 |Sep low C = 16.9 |Oct low C = 16.0 |Nov low C = 14.0 |Dec low C = 11.9 |year low C = 14.8 |Jan record low C = 2.0 |Feb record low C = 2.0 |Mar record low C = 1.5 |Apr record low C = 9.0 |May record low C = 8.5 |Jun record low C = 10.5 |Jul record low C = 11.0 |Aug record low C = 12.0 |Sep record low C = 10.0 |Oct record low C = 9.0 |Nov record low C = 5.5 |Dec record low C = 4.0 |year record low C = 1.5 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 17.8 |Feb precipitation mm = 3.1 |Mar precipitation mm = 2.8 |Apr precipitation mm = 17.2 |May precipitation mm = 63.1 |Jun precipitation mm = 162.4 |Jul precipitation mm = 191.1 |Aug precipitation mm = 152.7 |Sep precipitation mm = 165.8 |Oct precipitation mm = 78.1 |Nov precipitation mm = 16.9 |Dec precipitation mm = 2.8 |year precipitation mm = 873.8 |Jan humidity = 75 |Feb humidity = 73 |Mar humidity = 70 |Apr humidity = 69 |May humidity = 73 |Jun humidity = 82 |Jul humidity = 84 |Aug humidity = 84 |Sep humidity = 87 |Oct humidity = 82 |Nov humidity = 78 |Dec humidity = 76 |year humidity = 77 |unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm |Jan precipitation days = 1.4 |Feb precipitation days = 0.9 |Mar precipitation days = 0.6 |Apr precipitation days = 1.9 |May precipitation days = 6.6 |Jun precipitation days = 16.1 |Jul precipitation days = 21.1 |Aug precipitation days = 19.1 |Sep precipitation days = 18.2 |Oct precipitation days = 9.1 |Nov precipitation days = 2.0 |Dec precipitation days = 0.8 |year precipitation days = 97.8 |Jan sun = 213.9 |Feb sun = 211.9 |Mar sun = 232.5 |Apr sun = 195.0 |May sun = 176.7 |Jun sun = 147.0 |Jul sun = 164.3 |Aug sun = 170.5 |Sep sun = 135.0 |Oct sun = 179.8 |Nov sun = 198.0 |Dec sun = 201.5 |year sun = |source 1 = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional[10][11] |source 2 = Deutscher Wetterdienst (sun and humidity 1941–1970)[12] }} EconomyIn 1869, the Autonomous University of Guerrero was established in Chilpancingo; it still plays a considerable role in the local economy. The city is a producer of processed foods and alcoholic beverages, and is a market for maize, sugarcane, bananas, livestock, and lumber produced in the region.[2] Archaeology"Pezuapan" is an archaeological site located in Chilpancingo city.[13] It sits on the eastern slope of the Chilpancingo valley. The archaeological vestiges found at the site cover the total area of 4000 m2. The dates are from 650 AD to 1150 AD. Other archaeological sites found in this area of Guerrero are,
Twin towns – sister cities
References1. ^ 2. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/111522/Chilpancingo|title=Chilpancingo|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|accessdate=18 September 2014}} 3. ^{{cite book|last1=Mills|first1=Kenneth R.|last2=Taylor|first2=William B.|last3=Graham|first3=Sandra Lauderdale|title=Colonial Latin America: A Documentary History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jssW4BK6h7cC&pg=PA397|date=1 January 2002|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-0-8420-2997-1|page=397}} 4. ^{{citation|language=es |title=Antonia Nava de Catalán, la Generala|date=19 November 2017|journal=Ecos de la Costa |last=Acuña Cepeda |first=Mirtea Elizabeth |url=https://www.ecosdelacosta.mx/2017/11/19/antonia-nava-catalan-la-generala/|accessdate=2017-11-28}} 5. ^{{cite book|title=Transactions of the American Philosophical Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z00LAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA7|year=1966|publisher=American Philosophical Society|page=7|issn=0065-9746}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.e-local.gob.mx/work/templates/enciclo/EMM12guerrero/municipios/12029a.html|title=Chilpancingo de los Bravo|publisher=Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México|accessdate=18 September 2014|language=Spanish}} 7. ^{{cite book|last=O'Kane|first=Rosemary H. T.|title=Revolution: Critical Concepts in Political Science|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=l6bguwr49HcC&pg=PA127|year=2000|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-20135-3|page=127}} 8. ^{{cite book|last=Selee|first=Andrew D.|title=Decentralization, Democratization, and Informal Power in Mexico|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q7fCyi5u3nIC&pg=PA83|year=2011|publisher=Penn State Press|isbn=0-271-04843-3|page=83}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/04/27/mexico-earthquake-felt-in_n_191822.html|title=Mexico Earthquake: Felt In Mexico City, Centered Near Chilpancingo|publisher=Huffington Post|date=28 May 2009|accessdate=18 September 2014}} 10. ^{{cite web| url = http://smn.cna.gob.mx/climatologia/Normales5110/NORMAL12134.TXT| title = Estado de Guerrero–Estacion: Chilpancingo (DGE)| work = NORMALES CLIMATOLÓGICAS 1951–2010| publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional| language = Spanish| accessdate = January 30, 2016}} 11. ^{{cite web| url = http://smn.cna.gob.mx/climatologia/Max-Extr/00012/00012134.TXT| title = Extreme Temperatures and Precipitation for Chilpancingo (DGE) 1953-1991| publisher = Servicio Meteorológico Nacional| language = Spanish| accessdate = January 30, 2016}} 12. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_767620_kt.pdf| title = Klimatafel von Chilpancingo Los Bravos, Guerrero / Mexiko| work = Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst| language = German| accessdate = January 30, 2016}} 13. ^Reyna Beatríz SOLÍS CIRIACO, Hervé Victor MONTERROSA DESRUELLES, [https://www.academia.edu/7378403 Malacological Material from Pezuapan's Archaeological site, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico.] 2010 External links{{commons category|Chilpancingo de los Bravo}}{{Portal|Mexico}}
5 : Chilpancingo|Populated places in Guerrero|Capitals of states of Mexico|Cities in Mexico|Sierra Madre del Sur |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。