| 词条 | Grayia (snake) |
| 释义 |
| name = Grayia | taxon = Grayia (snake) | authority = Günther, 1858[1] | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = 4, see article. }} Grayia is a genus of snakes, commonly referred to as African water snakes, in the family Colubridae. The genus is endemic to tropical Africa, and it is the only genus in the colubrid subfamily Grayiinae. Grayia species are relatively poorly known snakes, at least to herpetologists[2]. Although they are locally abundant, they are notoriously difficult to catch,[3] and occur in areas where field work is difficult. They inhabit seasonal rainforest swamps, streams, and permanent water bodies,[3] eat fish and frogs, and lay eggs in the leaf litter among humid enclosures formed by buttress roots during the dry season.[4] They are unusual in that they deposit their clutch in small batches of three or four eggs at different times at more than one nest site, rather than laying all the eggs at once,[4] a strategy used by some turtles to avoid nest predation, but otherwise undocumented in snakes. At least one species, G. ornata, is used for food and in medicine by people in Gabon,[2] and evidently is known to them to be nonvenomous; a person who has been bitten by a Grayia snake is believed to be protected for life against bites from other snakes.[2] EtymologyThe generic name, Grayia, is in honor of British herpetologist John Edward Gray,[5] who coined many commonly-used generic names. The specific name, smythii, is in honor of Norwegian botanist Christen Smith.[5] The specific name, tholloni, is in honor of François-Romain Thollon (1855–1896) who was a French collector of natural history specimens in Africa.[5] SpeciesThese four species are recognized as being valid:[6]
Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Grayia. References1. ^"Grayia ". Dahms Tierleben. www.dahmstierleben.de/systematik/Reptilien/Squamata/Serpentes/colubroidea/colubridae/grayiinae. 2. ^1 2 {{cite journal|author=Pauwels OS, Toham AK, Mamonekene V|title=Ethnozoology of the dibomina (Serpentes: Colubridae: Grayia ornata) in the Massif du Chaillu, Gabon|journal=Hamadryad|date=2002|volume=27|pages=136-141|url=https://www.pauwelsolivier.com/docs/Dibomina.pdf}} 3. ^{{cite journal|author=Luiselli L, Akani GC, Angelici FM, Ude L, Wariboko SM|title=Seasonal variation in habitat use in sympatric Afrotropical semi-aquatic snakes, Grayia smythii and Afronatrix anoscopus (Colubridae)|journal=Amphibia-Reptilia|date=2005|volume=26|pages=372-376}} 4. ^1 2 {{cite journal|author=Akani GC, Luiselli L|title=Ecological studies on a population of the water snake Grayia smythii in a rainforest swamp of the Niger Delta, Nigeria|journal=Contributions to Zoology|date=2001|volume=70|pages=139-146}} 5. ^1 2 Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-4214-0135-5}}. (Grayia, p. 107; G. smythii, p. 247; G. tholloni, p. 265). 6. ^"Grayia ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org. Further reading
External links
3 : Colubrids|Snake genera|Taxa named by Albert Günther |
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