| 词条 | Clear Grits |
| 释义 |
}}{{Infobox political party | name = Clear Grits | native_name = | logo = | leader = | president = | spokesperson = | foundation = {{Start date|1850}} | dissolution = {{End date|1867|7|1}} | merger = | merged = Liberal Party of Canada | split = | headquarters = Toronto, Canada West | ideology = Jeffersonian democracy Classical liberalism Agrarianism Republicanism | position = | predecessor = Reformers | successor = | international = | membership = | membership_year = | colours = | colorcode = {{Canadian party colour|QC|Liberal}} | blank1_title = Policies | blank1 = Fiscal: Liberalism Social: Progressivism | seats1_title = Seats in the National Assembly | seats1 = | website = | country = Canada | state = Ontario | footnotes = }}Clear Grits were reformers in the Canada West district of the Province of United Canada, a British colony that is now the Province of Ontario, Canada. Their name is said to have been given by David Christie, who said that only those were wanted in the party who were "all sand and no dirt, clear grit all the way through".{{sfn|Bélanger|2005}}[1] Their support was concentrated among southwestern Canada West farmers, who were frustrated and disillusioned by the 1849 Reform government of Robert Baldwin and Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine's lack of democratic enthusiasm. The Clear Grits advocated universal male suffrage, representation by population, democratic institutions, reductions in government expenditure, abolition of the Clergy Reserves, voluntarism, and free trade with the United States. Clear Grits from Upper Canada shared many ideas with Thomas Jefferson. HistoryThe Clear Grit platform was first laid out at a convention held at Markham in March 1850, which included the following planks:{{sfn|Bélanger|2005}}
Initially led by Peter Perry, they later came under the leadership of Toronto newspaper editor George Brown, and in 1857 joined with the Reform Party, which was a loose alliance of liberal minded reformers that became the Ontario Liberal Party and Liberal Party of Canada. ImpactThe "Clear Grits" were one of a long series of farmer-based radical reform movements. Later examples were the United Farmers and the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, the direct ancestor of the modern New Democratic Party. The word "Grit" is used as a neutral reference to members of the Liberal Party in English Canada (similar to how "Tory" is often used to refer to supporters of Conservative parties at both the federal and provincial levels). It is currently used far more frequently in print than spoken. "Grit" also has a conveniently small number of letters, for use in headlines. See also{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
References1. ^{{cite journal |last= Vance|first= Michael E.|date= 1997|title= Scottish Chartism in Canada West? An Examination of the 'Clear Grit' Reformers|url= http://www.irss.uoguelph.ca/article/viewFile/817/1240|journal= International Review of Scottish Studies|publisher= University of Guelph|volume= 22|issue= |pages= 56{{endash}}104|doi= |ref=harv}} External links
2 : Defunct liberal political parties|Political parties in Upper Canada |
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