| 词条 | Clonakilty |
| 释义 |
|official_name=Clonakilty |native_name=Cloich na Coillte |other_name= |settlement_type =Town |image_skyline =Clonakilty2.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Clonakilty |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |nickname = | motto = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |pushpin_map =Ireland |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Ireland |coordinates = {{coord|51|37|19|N|8|53|11|W|region:IE|display=inline,title}} |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name =Ireland |subdivision_type1 =Province |subdivision_type2 =County |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name1 =Munster |subdivision_name2 =County Cork |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_name4 = |established_title = |established_date = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |unit_pref =Imperial |area_footnotes = |area_magnitude = |area_total_km2 =3.433 |area_land_km2 = |elevation_footnotes = |elevation_m = |elevation_ft = |population_total =4592 |population_as_of =2016 |population_footnotes =[1] |population_density_km2 =1,337.5 |population_rural = |population_note = |timezone1 = WET |utc_offset1 = +0 | timezone1_DST =IST (WEST) | utc_offset1_DST =-1 |postal_code_type = |postal_code = |area_code = |website =www.clonakilty.ie |footnotes = |blank_name =Irish Grid Reference |blank_info =W381417 }}{{Historical populations|state=collapsed |1821|4033 |1831|3807 |1841|3993 |1851|3297 |1861|3108 |1871|3568 |1881|3676 |1891|3221 |1901|3098 |1911|2961 |1926|2770 |1936|2961 |1946|2825 |1951|2742 |1956|2517 |1961|2417 |1966|2422 |1971|2430 |1981|2698 |1986|2786 |1991|2812 |1996|2970 |2002|3698 |2006|4154 |2011|4721 |2016|4592 |footnote=[2][3][4][5][6] }} Clonakilty ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|l|ɔ:|n|æ|ˌ|k|ɪ|l|t|iː}}; {{Irish place name|Cloich na Coillte, Clanna Chaoilte}}), sometimes shortened to Clon, is a town in County Cork, Ireland. The town is located at the head of the tidal Clonakilty Bay. The rural hinterland is used mainly for dairy farming.[7] The town's population as of 2016 was 4,592.[8] The town is a tourism hub in West Cork, and was recognised as the "Best Town in Europe" in 2017, and "Best Place of the Year" in 2017 by the Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland.[9][10] Clonakilty is in the Cork South-West (Dáil Éireann) constituency, which has three seats. HistoryThe Clonakilty area has a number of ancient and pre-Celtic sites, including Lios na gCon ringfort.[11] Normans settlers later built castles in the area, and a number of Norman surnames survive to the present day.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}} In 1292, Thomas De Roach received a charter to hold a market every Monday at Kilgarriffe (then called Kyle Cofthy or Cowhig's Wood), close to where the present town now stands.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}} In the 14th century, a ten-mile strip of fallow woodland called Tuath na gCoillte (the land of the woods) divided the barony of Ibane (Ardfield) and Barryroe and reached the sea at Clonakilty Bay. Here a castle called Coyltes Castell was recorded in a 1378 plea roll. This was subsequently referred to as Cloghnykyltye, one of the many phonetic spellings for Cloch na gCoillte (meaning the castle of the woods, from ‘cloch’, the Irish for stone or stone building, and ‘coillte’ meaning woods).[12] Clonakilty benefited from the patronage of Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork ('the Great Earl'), who is sometimes regarded as its founder.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}} It was this Lord Cork who obtained its charter from King James I of England in 1613 with the right to return members to the Irish House of Commons. The borough of Clonakilty returned two members from 1613 to 1801; it was disenfranchised when the Act of Union came into force in January 1801. The lands at Clonakilty were later inherited by the Earls of Shannon, another branch of the Boyle dynasty. They remained the main landlords of the town from the eighteenth century through until the early twentieth century.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}} Shannonvale, near Clonakilty, is known as "the only place in all Munster where a blow of some sort had been struck during the Rising of '98" at the Battle of the Big Cross.[13] There is a commemorative statue celebrating the Battle of the Big Cross in Astna Square in the centre of Clonakilty. Michael Collins, who was the Director of Intelligence for the IRA, which sought independence from Britain in the 1920–1921 period, lived in Clonakilty and attended the local boys' national school. Collins later served as Chairman of the Provisional Government and was instrumental in the founding of the Irish Free State. Collins was killed in an Anti-Treaty ambush during the Civil War. He gave several orations from O'Donovan's Hotel on the Main Street of Clonakilty. A statue of Michael Collins by local artist Kevin Holland was erected and dedicated in 2002 at the junction of Bridge Street and Emmet Square. In April 1943, a war plane, a Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, was travelling from Morocco to England when it was forced to make an unscheduled stop at a marsh just outside Clonakilty. The soldiers thought they had been flying over German-occupied Norway but got disorientated in fog. The crew were uninjured in the landing and, once they had emerged from the bog, they met local man Eddie Collins who directed them into the town.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}} Kennedy Gardens at Emmet Square (formerly Shannon Square) in the centre of town is named after John F. Kennedy. In June 2012, Clonakilty was damaged by flooding.[14] Clonakilty was founded on 5 May 1613, and on 5 May 2013, President Michael D. Higgins and his wife visited the town to commemorate 400 years since it obtained its original charter.[15] ChurchesKilgariffe Church (Church of Ireland) is a building of 1818 replacing an older church going back to 1613.[16][17] The Church of the Immaculate Conception (Catholic) is a large building in Early French Gothic style, designed by George Ashlin and completed in 1880.[18][19] The old Presbyterian Church was built in 1861 and taken over and used since 1924 as a local Post Office.[20] The Methodist church is located in the town and recently became the first church in Ireland to win two Eco Congregation Ireland awards.[21] Transport{{See also|History of rail transport in Ireland}}The nearest airport to the town is Cork Airport, and Bus Éireann provides coach links from Clonakilty to Cork and Skibbereen.[22] During the summer months, there is a bus link to Killarney via the N71 road through Skibbereen, Bantry, Glengarriff and Kenmare. Clonakilty was one of the destinations on the West Cork Railway, an Irish mainline railway from Cork City to various parts of West Cork, which shut down in 1961. Clonakilty railway station opened on 28 August 1886, but finally closed on 1 April 1961.[23] Clonakility is home to ClonBike, the only Bicycle-sharing system in Ireland in a town of Clonakilty's size.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}} Culture and musicClonakilty's bars host live music nights throughout the year,{{citation needed|date=September 2017}} and a number of notable musicians have found a welcome and a home in the area.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}} For example, Noel Redding made Clonakilty his home,[24] as has singer-songwriter Roy Harper.[25] English novelist David Mitchell also calls Clonakilty home. Monday Night Trad Sessions, O'Donovans Tuesday Trad and Shanley's Famous Music Bar are among the main music venues.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}} Summer afternoon sessions in Scannells beer garden has attracted acts like Christy Moore, Sharon Shannon, and Frances Black.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}} The town hosts several festivals every year, among these are The Clonakilty International Guitar Festival in mid-September, The Motion festival and The Waterfront Festival in August. The 2010 Waterfront Festival featured Irish acts, The Dublin Gospel Choir, Mundy, Aslan, The Heathers, Setmaker and Spanish Singer Paula Gómez and her band.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}} AwardsThe town won the Irish Tidy Towns Competition in 1999 and every year since has gained awards for its environmental efforts,{{citation needed|date=September 2017}} including being named 'Ireland's Tidiest Small Town' in 2017.[26] In 2003, Clonakilty became Ireland's first ever official Fair Trade Town. In 2007 it was awarded the status of European Destination of Excellence by the European Commission at a ceremony in Portugal and is Ireland's first recipient of this title. DemographicsAs of the 2011 census, ethnically Clonakilty was 80% white Irish, 14% "other white", 1.5% black, 1.5% Asian, and 2% other or not stated.[27] In terms of religion, the 2011 census captured a population that was 80.5% Catholic, 10% other stated religions, 8.5% with no religion, and 0.5% not stated.[27] Notable personsBorn in Clonakilty
Notable residents
FoodClonakilty is known for its black pudding. Clonakilty Blackpudding originated in Twomey's butcher shop in Pearse Street. The secret spice recipe has been handed down through the generations since the 1880s, and is still only known to the Twomey family.[28] TourismThe Model Village in Clonakilty is a tourist destination in the area, and includes fully scaled models of Clonakilty and nearby towns - built on a miniature of the area's railway line. Michael Collins House is a museum dedicated to Irish revolutionary leader Michael Collins. The museum is set out in a restored Georgian townhouse on Emmet Square, where Collins lived from 1903 to 1905. The museum tells the story of Collins' life and the history of Irish independence through tours, exhibits, interactive displays, and historical artifacts.[29] Clonakilty is the home of the world's only "Random Acts of Kindness Festival" set up in 2012 by the local Clonakilty Macra na Feirme Club.{{citation needed|date=August 2017}} The Festival is held each year on the third weekend in July, with the motto: "Cut the Misery and Spread the Positivity".[30] Other historical attractions in the town include the Clonakilty Museum, the Georgian houses of Emmet Square and the Micheal Collins Centre which is located a few miles east of the town. A Farmers Market takes place at O'Donovans alley every Friday. EducationThere are two secondary schools located in the town. Clonakilty Community College is a mixed school and the Sacred Heart Secondary School which is an all girls school. There are 4 Primary Schools located in the town. Clonakilty Agricultural College is located 2 miles east of the town. It is known locally as Darrara College and mainly deals with Agricultural Education. SportClonakilty has a GAA club (Clonakilty GAA), two soccer clubs (Clonakilty A.F.C, Clonakilty Town), a rugby club and a Martial Arts club (Warrior Tae Kwon Do). The teams have been successful in recent years winning the Cork Senior Football Championship in 2009, 1996, and being runners up in the 2003 competition. Clonakilty RFC also became a senior rugby club in 2001 and spent 12 years in the All Ireland Rugby League until they were relegated to Division 1 of the Munster junior league. Clonakilty won their first adult hurling county title when they won the Cork Minor B Hurling Championship in 2007. Clonakilty A.F.C. have won the Beamish Cup in 2008 & 1995 and in 2014 featured Australian international, Alex Swift. Students of the Clonakilty "Warrior Tae Kwon Do" club compete in Tae Kwon Do, Kickboxing and Freestyle tournaments and the club has produced 4 World Champions[31] in various martial arts disciplines. BeachesThe Blue Flag beach at Inchydoney Island. About 15 minutes from Clonakilty and looking out over the Galley Head lighthouse is Long Strand - a mile and a half of sand bounded by waves of dunes. The top end is used by surfers but the rest of the beach is unsafe for bathing due to a dangerous undertow.{{citation needed|date=September 2017}} Duneen Beach is across the bay from the right-hand side of Inchydoney beach.[32] International relationsClonakilty is twinned with:
See also
References1. ^{{cite web|url = http://census.cso.ie/sapmap2016/Results.aspx?Geog_Type=ST2016&Geog_Code=EDF4BFA7-8182-4152-9179-39DD7974C265#SAPMAP_T1_100 | publisher = Central Statistics Office | title = Census 2016 - Small Area Population Statistics (SAPMAP Area) - Settlements - Clonakilty | work = Census 2016 | accessdate = 4 January 2017 }} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cso.ie/census|title=Server Error 404 - CSO - Central Statistics Office|author=|date=|website=www.cso.ie|accessdate=18 April 2018}} 3. ^http://www.histpop.org {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507023856/http://www.histpop.org/ |date=7 May 2016 }} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nisranew.nisra.gov.uk/census |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2013-03-24 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217095720/http://www.nisranew.nisra.gov.uk/census |archivedate=17 February 2012 |df=dmy }} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Lee|first=JJ| authorlink =John Joseph Lee|editor-last=Goldstrom|editor-first=J. M.|editor2-last=Clarkson|editor2-first=L. A.|title=Irish Population, Economy, and Society: Essays in Honour of the Late K. H. Connell|year=1981|publisher=Clarendon Press|location=Oxford, England|chapter=On the accuracy of the Pre-famine Irish censuses}} 6. ^{{Cite journal | last = Mokyr | first = Joel | author-link = Joel Mokyr | last2 = O Grada | first2 = Cormac | author2-link = Cormac Ó Gráda | title = New Developments in Irish Population History, 1700–1850 | journal = The Economic History Review | volume = 37 | issue = 4 | pages = 473–488 |date=November 1984 | url = http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/120035880/abstract | doi = 10.1111/j.1468-0289.1984.tb00344.x}}{{dead link|date=February 2019|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} 7. ^Clonakilty Agricultural College {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050506130609/http://www.clonakiltyagriculturalcollege.com/dairy.shtml |date=6 May 2005 }} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cso.ie/en/releasesandpublications/ep/p-cp2tc/cp2pdm/pd/|title=Population Distribution - CSO - Central Statistics Office|website=www.cso.ie|language=en|access-date=2017-07-24}} 9. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.southernstar.ie/news/roundup/articles/2017/06/15/4141479-clonakilty-prepares-to-welcome-5000-for-street-feast-and-fun/ | publisher = Southern Star | title = Clonakilty prepares to welcome 5,000 for street feast and fun | date = 15 June 2017 }} 10. ^{{cite web|author=Editor |url=https://westcorktimes.com/clonakilty-wins-riai-best-place-of-the-year-2017/ |title=Clonakilty wins RIAI ‘Best Place of the Year 2017’ |publisher=westcorktimes.com |date= |accessdate=2017-09-21}} 11. ^{{cite web|author=Name (required) |url=http://www.discoveringcork.ie/lios-na-gcon-restored-ancient-fort/ |title=Lios-na-gCon, Restored Ancient Fort - Discovering Cork |publisher=Discoveringcork.ie |date= |accessdate=2017-09-21}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.logainm.ie/en/9192 |title=Cloich na Coillte/Clonakilty |publisher=Logainm.ie |date= |accessdate=2017-09-21}} 13. ^"The Battle of the Big Cross where one hundred Irish died". C.O. Ruairc 14. ^Community pulls together to ensure it’s business as usual in Clonakilty Irish Examiner. Retrieved 19 July 2012. 15. ^Public service acknowledged by President at Clonakilty Town Council civic reception {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131013084324/http://www.southernstar.ie/Community/Clonakilty/Public-service-acknowledged-by-President-at-Clonakilty-Town-Council-civic-reception-09052013.htm |date=13 October 2013 }} Southern Star Retrieved 20 May 2013 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://ireland.anglican.org/information/dioceses/parish/16530|title=Church of Ireland - A Member of the Anglican Communion|author=|date=|website=ireland.anglican.org|accessdate=18 April 2018}} 17. ^{{cite web|url=https://imprintsoflight.wordpress.com/tag/kilgarriffe/|title=Kilgarriffe - Imprints of Light|author=|date=|website=imprintsoflight.wordpress.com|accessdate=18 April 2018}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dia.ie/works/view/512/building/CO.+CORK,+CLONAKILTY,+CHURCH+OF+THE+IMMACULATE+CONCEPTION+(RC)|title=CO. CORK, CLONAKILTY, CHURCH OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION (RC) Dictionary of Irish Architects -|author=|date=|website=www.dia.ie|accessdate=18 April 2018}} 19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.buildingsofireland.ie/niah/search.jsp?type=record&county=CO®no=20846160|title=Prior Park Additional Images: Buildings of Ireland: National Inventory of Architectural Heritage|author=|date=|website=www.buildingsofireland.ie|accessdate=18 April 2018}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=http://archiseek.com/2012/1861-post-office-clonakilty-co-cork/|title=1861 - Post Office, Clonakilty, Co. Cork - Architecture of Cork - Archiseek - Irish Architecture|author=|date=12 July 2012|website=archiseek.com|accessdate=18 April 2018}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://ecocongregationireland.com/archives/3936 |title=Clonakilty Methodist Church, Co Cork « Eco Congregation Ireland |publisher=Ecocongregationireland.com |date= |accessdate=2017-09-21}} 22. ^{{cite web |url=http://cdbcorkco.ie/asp/ccdb/bus_eireann.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2007-08-03 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928190311/http://cdbcorkco.ie/asp/ccdb/bus_eireann.htm |archivedate=28 September 2007 |df=dmy-all }} 23. ^{{cite web | title=Clonakilty station | work=Railscot – Irish Railways | url=http://www.railscot.co.uk/Ireland/Irish_railways.pdf | accessdate=17 September 2007}} 24. ^"[https://www.usatoday.com/life/music/news/2003-05-13-hendrix-bassist_x.htm Bassist for Jimi Hendrix Experience dies]". USA Today, 13 May 2003 25. ^{{cite news|first=Eugene|last=Phelan|url=http://www.limerickleader.ie/community/community-news/press_22_snapper_wins_portrait_award_at_aib_press_photographers_event_1_3559453|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130217222755/http://www.limerickleader.ie/community/community-news/press_22_snapper_wins_portrait_award_at_aib_press_photographers_event_1_3559453|dead-url=yes|archive-date=17 February 2013|title=Press 22 snapper wins portrait award at AIB Press Photographers event|newspaper=Limerick Leader|date=24 February 2012|accessdate=24 February 2012}} 26. ^{{cite web|url = http://www.breakingnews.ie/ireland/irelands-tidiest-town-for-2017-has-been-revealed-807253.html | publisher = BreakingNews.ie | title = Ireland's Tidiest Town for 2017 has been revealed | date = 25 September 2017 }} 27. ^1 {{cite web|url = http://airo.maynoothuniversity.ie/external-content/cork-county-0 |title=Census Mapping Module: Cork County|publisher = Clonakilty Urban and Rural}} 28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.clonakiltyblackpudding.ie/history |title=History - Clonakilty Food Co |publisher=Clonakiltyblackpudding.ie |date= |accessdate=2017-09-21}} 29. ^{{cite web|url = https://www.michaelcollinshouse.ie/ | publisher = michaelcollinshouse.ie | title= Michael Collins House - Museum | accessdate = 4 July 2018 }} 30. ^'Irish Central news web site' Retrieved 28 January 2013. 31. ^{{cite web | title= Warrior Tae Kwon Do Hall of Fame | work=Warrior Tae Kwon Do Official Website | url=http://www.warriortkd.com/hall-of-fame/ | accessdate=6 September 2010}} 32. ^{{cite web|title=10 Hidden Gems of West Cork|url=https://visitwestcork.wordpress.com/10-hidden-gems-of-west-cork/|website=Visit West Cork}} Further reading
External links{{Commons category|Clonakilty}}
2 : Clonakilty|Towns and villages in County Cork |
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