| 词条 | Congress of South African Trade Unions |
| 释义 |
|name= COSATU |country= South Africa |affiliation= ITUC, WFTU, ICFTU-AFRO |members= |full_name= Congress of South African Trade Unions |native_name= |image= |founded= 30 November 1985 |current= |head= |dissolved_date= |dissolved_state= |merged_into= |office= Johannesburg, South Africa |people= Zingiswa Losi, president |website= www.cosatu.org.za |footnotes= }}{{Apartheid}} The Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) is a trade union federation in South Africa. It was founded in 1985 and is the largest of the country's three main trade union federations, with 21 affiliated trade unions.[1][2] HistoryOn 30 Nov 1985, 33 unions met at the University of Natal for talks on forming a federation of trade unions.[3] This followed four years of unity talks between competing unions and federations that were opposed to apartheid and were "committed to a non-racial, non-sexist and democratic South Africa." COSATU was officially established on 1 December 1985.[4][5] Among the founding unions was the Federation of South African Trade Unions (FOSATU).[6] Elijah Barayi was the organisation's first president and Jay Naidoo the first general secretary.[3] Several resolutions were passed at this first meeting that defined the aim of the federation and how the federation operates, namely:[3]
The COSATU congress decided in 2012 to affiliate with the class-struggle oriented World Federation of Trade Unions, while maintaining its membership within the International Trade Union Confederation. During the 2016 congress that was held in Durban, Michael Mzwandile Makwayiba, president of COSATU affiliate NEHAWU Michael Mzwandile Makwayiba was elected President of the World Federation of Trade Unions. On 5–6 May 1987 a strike as part of COSATU's Living Wage Campaign was held coinciding with 1987 General Election. More than 2.5 million workers took part in the stay-away. On 7 May 1987, in the early hours of the morning two bombs exploded near the support columns in the basement of the federation headquarters, COSATU House. The resulting damage caused the building to be declared unsafe.[3] Fight against ApartheidAt the second national congress held from 14–18 July 1987, the Freedom Charter was adopted by the federation after the resolution was proposed by the National Union of Mineworkers[3] At the third congress held from 12–16 July 1989, a resolution was adopted that called on the members of COSATU to "join a campaign of sustained action against apartheid" in the week leading up to the 1989 General Election of South Africa.[7] On 26 July 1989, COSATU, the United Democratic Front and the Mass Democratic Movement, instigated the National Defiance Campaign, in which facilities reserved for whites were invaded, and organisation that had been banned by the state declared themselves ‘unbanned’.[3] Affiliated Trade UnionsThe following unions are listed by COSATU as their affiliate unions:[8]
The following affiliated unions have suspended their participation in COSATU due to the expulsion of the National union of Metalworkers of South Africa.[2]
The following union has been expelled by COSATU.[9]
Expulsion of the National Union of Metalworkers of South AfricaOn 8 November 2014, Irvin Jim, the general secretary of the largest COSATU affiliate,[10] the National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa (NUMSA), announced that the union had been expelled from the COSATU after a vote at a special central executive committee had been convened resulting in a 33-24 vote in favour of the expulsion.[9][11] NUMSA was charged with violating the constitution of COSATU[12] On 6 November 2014, an urgent legal application by NUMSA to prevent the special central executive committee from being convened was postponed by South Gauteng High Court, thus allowing the meeting to take place.[13] On 10 November 2014, 7 unions announced they were voluntarily suspending their participation in COSATU's decision making bodies due to the expulsion of NUMSA and called for a special national congress to be convened.[2] Irvin Jim described the expulsion as "a dark day for workers".[10] GovernmentCOSATU is part of an alliance with the ANC and the South African Communist Party, called the Tripartite Alliance. COSATU's role in the alliance has been the subject of debate, since the organisation has been critical of some of the ANC government's policies. While some affiliates have argued for greater independence from the ruling political party, others have argued that the arrangement gives COSATU a political influence beneficial to its members. COSATU's former secretary general, Zwelinzima Vavi, has described Jacob Zuma's government as a "predator society."[14] Labour and social movementsSouth Africa has one of the largest incidence of HIV/AIDS in the world, with a 2005 estimate of 5.5 million people living with HIV — 12.4% of the population.[15][16] The trade union movement has taken a role in combating this pandemic. COSATU is a key partner in the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC), a registered charity and political force working to educate and promote understanding about HIV/AIDS, and to prevent new infections, as well as push for greater access to antiretrovirals. In 1998, COSATU passed a resolution to campaign for treatment. “It was clear to the labour movement at that time that its lowest paid members were dying because they couldn’t afford medicines,” says Theodora Steel, Campaigns Coordinator at COSATU. “We saw TAC as a natural ally in a campaign for treatment. We passed a formal resolution at our congress to assist and build TAC.[17] Notwithstanding the formal alliance of COSATU with the ruling ANC party, it has been at odds with the government, calling for the roll-out of comprehensive public access to antiretroviral drugs.[18] Abahlali baseMjondolo offered a strong statement of support to the 2010 Public Sector Worker's strike.[19]LogoThe wheel in the logo represents the economy. The gold colour of the wheel represents the wealth of the country. The figures pushing the wheel, consisting of two men and a women carrying a baby, represent the challenges that workers face namely, racial and gender oppression as well as economic exploitation. These figures are black as they represent the black majorities struggle against racial oppression. The figures are holding a red flag that represents the working class.[20] The slogan on the logo is "An injury to one is an injury to all" signifies the vision the union has of social solidarity that binds the working class.[20] Zimbabwe{{Update section|date=May 2010}}In October 2004 and February 2005 COSATU sent delegations to Zimbabwe to judge conditions in that country before the 2005 Zimbabwe parliamentary elections. They were expelled from the country on both occasions. COSATU has arranged protests and border blockades against the regime in Harare. Current officeholdersNational Office Bearers:[21]
Provincial Secretaries:[22]
See also{{Portal|Organized labour}}
Further reading
Notes1. ^One Union expelled, and seven Unions voluntarily suspended their participation in COSATU 2. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.fin24.com/Economy/Labour/News/More-unions-quit-Cosatus-exec-body-20141110|title=More unions quit Cosatu's exec body|author=|date=|website=fin24.com|accessdate=9 April 2018}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/topic/congress-south-african-trade-unions-cosatu|title=Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU)|first=|last=tinashe|date=8 December 2011|website=sahistory.org.za|accessdate=9 April 2018}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/topic/congress-south-african-trade-unions-cosatu |title=Congress of South African Trade Unions (Cosatu) |last1=South African History Online |first1= |date= |website=www.sahistory.org.za |publisher= |accessdate=15 July 2013}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cosatu.org.za/show.php?ID=925 |title=Brief History of Cosatu |last1=Cosatu |first1= |date= |website=www.cosatu.org.za |publisher= |accessdate=15 July 2013}} 6. ^{{cite book |last=Friedman |first=Michelle |title="The Future is in the Hands of the Workers": A History of Fosatu |url=http://www.historicalpapers.wits.ac.za/docs/fosatu/fosatu.pdf |accessdate=15 July 2013 |year=2010 |publisher=Mutloatse Heritage Trust |location=Johannesburg |isbn=978-09869833-1-3 |page=122–124}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/cosatu-intensifies-campaigiohlihffjah\\euofrwjbehti\\spyewih;gtvtsn\\hubEF &Q#n-against-apartheid|title=COSATU intensifies campaign against apartheid|first=|last=sahoboss|date=16 March 2011|publisher=}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cosatu.org.za/docs/misc/2009/structure.pdf |title=Microsoft Word - Document1 |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2018-08-10}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://mg.co.za/article/2014-11-08-numsa-expelled-from-cosatu|title=Numsa expelled from Cosatu|first=Qaanitah|last=Hunter|date=|website=mg.co.za|accessdate=9 April 2018}} 10. ^1 {{Cite web |url=http://citizen.co.za/271622/numsa-will-fight-expulsion-cosatu/ |title=Archived copy |access-date=8 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141108100620/http://citizen.co.za/271622/numsa-will-fight-expulsion-cosatu/ |archive-date=8 November 2014 |dead-url=yes |df=dmy-all }} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Politics/Numsas-expulsion-from-Cosatu-painful-20141108|title=Numsa's expulsion from Cosatu 'painful'|author=|date=|website=news24.com|accessdate=9 April 2018}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fin24.com/Economy/Labour/News/No-fair-hearing-for-Numsa-says-Jim-20141106|title=No fair hearing for Numsa, says Jim|author=|date=|website=fin24.com|accessdate=9 April 2018}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.fin24.com/Economy/Labour/News/Numsa-expulsion-Cosatu-meeting-to-go-ahead-20141106|title=Numsa expulsion: Cosatu meeting to go ahead|author=|date=|website=fin24.com|accessdate=9 April 2018}} 14. ^Zuma slammed as strike builds, The Star, 28 August 2010 15. ^{{cite web |title=2006 Report on the global AIDS epidemic |website=UNAIDS |url=http://www.unaids.org/en/HIV_data/2006GlobalReport/default.asp |accessdate=2006-07-11 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060712195008/http://www.unaids.org/en/HIV_data/2006GlobalReport/default.asp |archivedate=12 July 2006 |df=dmy }} 16. ^{{cite web | title=Country profile - South Africa | website=ILOAIDS | url=http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/trav/aids/countryprofile/sa.htm | accessdate=2006-07-11}} 17. ^{{cite web | title=Stepping back from the edge | website=UNAIDS | url=http://whqlibdoc.who.int/unaids/2004/9291733237.pdf | accessdate=2006-07-11}} 18. ^{{cite web | title=South African Union Boss Demands Government Supply Anti-AIDS Drugs | website=The Body.com | url=http://www.thebody.com/cdc/news_updates_archive/feb20_02/cosatu_aids.html | accessdate=2006-07-11}} 19. ^Hospitals blocked as South African unions resume massive strikes, Sipho January, Observer, 19 August 2010 20. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.cosatu.org.za/show.php?ID=925|title=History of COSATU|author=|date=|website=www.cosatu.org.za|accessdate=9 April 2018}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cosatu.org.za/show.php?ID=1026|title=National Office Bearers|author=|date=|website=www.cosatu.org.za|accessdate=9 April 2018}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cosatu.org.za/contact.php?p=2|title=Welcome to the Congress of South African Trade Unions website|author=|date=|website=www.cosatu.org.za|accessdate=9 April 2018}} References{{Reflist}}External links
8 : Congress of South African Trade Unions|Organisations based in Johannesburg|Trade unions in South Africa|Politics of South Africa|African Regional Organisation of the International Trade Union Confederation|1985 establishments in South Africa|National trade union centres of South Africa|Trade unions established in 1985 |
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