| 词条 | Curtiss-Wright XF-87 Blackhawk | |||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Curtiss-Wright XF-87 Blackhawk (previously designated the XP-87) was a prototype American all-weather jet fighter interceptor and the company's last aircraft project.[2] Designed as a replacement for the World War II–era propeller-driven P-61 Black Widow night/interceptor aircraft, the XF-87 lost in government procurement competition to the Northrop F-89 Scorpion. The loss of the contract was fatal to the company; the Curtiss-Wright Corporation closed down its aviation division, selling its assets to North American Aviation. Design and developmentThe aircraft started life as a project for an attack aircraft, designated XA-43. When the United States Army Air Forces issued a requirement for a jet-powered all-weather fighter in 1945, the design was reworked for that request. The XP-87 was a large mid-wing aircraft with four engines paired in underwing pods, with a mid-mounted tailplane and tricycle undercarriage. Two crew members (pilot and radar operator) sat side by side under a single canopy. Armament was to be a nose-mounted, powered turret containing four 20 mm (0.79 in) cannon, but this was never fitted to the prototypes. Operational historyThe first flight of the XF-87 Blackhawk was on 1 March 1948.[3] Although the top speed was slower than expected, the aircraft was otherwise acceptable, and the newly formed (in September 1947) United States Air Force placed orders for 57 F-87A fighters and 30 RF-87A reconnaissance aircraft just over a month later. Since the performance problems were due to lack of power, the four Westinghouse XJ34-WE-7 turbojets of the prototypes were to be substituted for two General Electric J47 jets in production models. One of the two XF-87 prototypes was to be modified as a test bed for the new engines. At this point, the USAF decided that the Northrop F-89 Scorpion was a more promising aircraft. The F-87 contract was cancelled on 10 October 1948, and both prototypes were scrapped. Variants
First flight was March 1, 1948
Redesignated XP-87
Production fighter version (canceled)
Reconnaissance variant (canceled) Specifications (XF-87){{aircraft specifications||plane or copter?=plane |jet or prop?=jet |ref=Curtiss Aircraft 1907–1947[4] |crew=two: pilot, radio operator |length main=62 ft 10 in |length alt=19.15 m |span main=60 ft 0 in |span alt=18.28 m |height main=20 ft 0 in |height alt=6.09 m |area main=600 ft² |area alt=55.74 m² |empty weight main=25,930 lb |empty weight alt=11,786 kg |loaded weight main= |loaded weight alt= |max takeoff weight main=49,900 lb |max takeoff weight alt=22,682 kg |engine (jet)= Westinghouse XJ34-WE-7 |type of jet= turbojets |number of jets=4 |thrust main=3,000 lbf |thrust alt=13.4 kN |max speed main=600 mph |max speed alt=521 knots, 966 km/h |range main=1,000 mi |range alt=870 nmi, 1,610 km |ceiling main=41,000 ft |ceiling alt=12,500 m |climb rate main= |climb rate alt= |loading main= |loading alt= |thrust/weight= |more performance=*Climb to 35,000 ft (10,700 m): 13.8 min |guns=4 × 20 mm cannon in the nose }} See also{{Portal|Aviation}}{{aircontent||related= |similar aircraft=
|lists=
|see also= }} References
1. ^Knaack 1978, p. 315. 2. ^Winchester 2005, pp. 72–73. 3. ^Associated Press, "Four-Jet Fighter, Weighing as Much As B-17, Tested", San Bernardino Daily Sun, San Bernardino, California, Tuesday 2 March 1948, Volume LIV, Number 158, page 1. 4. ^Bowers 1979, p. 510.
External links{{commons category|Curtiss XF-87 Blackhawk}}
6 : Curtiss aircraft|United States fighter aircraft 1940–1949|Quadjets|Cancelled military aircraft projects of the United States|Mid-wing aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 1948 |
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