| 词条 | Cutaneous T cell lymphoma |
| 释义 |
| name = Cutaneous T cell lymphoma | synonyms = | image = Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma - very high mag.jpg | caption = Micrograph showing cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. H&E stain. | pronounce = | width = 200 | field = Hematology and oncology | | symptoms = | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }} Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a class of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which is a type of cancer of the immune system. Unlike most non-Hodgkin lymphomas (which are generally B cell related), CTCL is caused by a mutation of T cells. The cancerous T cells in the body initially migrate to the skin, causing various lesions to appear. These lesions change shape as the disease progresses, typically beginning as what appears to be a rash which can be very itchy and eventually forming plaques and tumors before spreading to other parts of the body. Signs and symptomsThe presentation depends if it is mycosis fungoides or Sézary syndrome the most common, though not the only types. Among the symptoms for the aforementioned types are: enlarged lymph nodes, an enlarged liver and spleen, and non-specific dermatitis.[1] CauseThe cause of CTCL is unknown. DiagnosisA point-based algorithm for the diagnosis for early forms of cutaneous T cell lymphoma was proposed by The International Society for Cutaneous Lymphomas in 2005.[2] ClassificationCutaneous T-cell lymphoma may be divided into the several subtypes.[3]{{rp|727–740}} Mycosis fungoides is the most common form of CTCL and is responsible for half of all cases.[4]A WHO-EORTC classification has been developed.[5][6] {{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
}} TreatmentThere is no cure for CTCL, but there are a variety of treatment options available and some CTCL patients are able to live normal lives with this cancer, although symptoms can be debilitating and painful, even in earlier stages. FDA approved treatments include the following:[7]
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are shown to have antiproliferative and cytotoxic properties against CTCL.[7]Other (off label) treatments include: {{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
}} In 2010, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration granted orphan drug designation for a topical treatment for pruritus in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma to a pharmaceutical company called Elorac.[8] EpidemiologyOf all cancers involving the same class of blood cell, 2% of cases are cutaneous T cell lymphomas.[9] CTCL is more common in men and in African-American people.[7] The incidence of CTCL in men is 1.6 times higher than in women.[10] There is some evidence of a relationship with human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) with the adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma subtype.[10] No definitive link between any viral infection or environmental factor has been definitely shown with other CTCL subtypes.[10] See also
References1. ^{{Cite journal|date=2016-06-02|title=Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology|url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2139720-overview}} 2. ^{{Cite journal|last=Pimpinelli|first=Nicola|last2=Olsen|first2=Elise A.|last3=Santucci|first3=Marco|last4=Vonderheid|first4=Eric|last5=Haeffner|first5=Andreas C.|last6=Stevens|first6=Seth|last7=Burg|first7=Guenter|last8=Cerroni|first8=Lorenzo|last9=Dreno|first9=Brigitte|date=December 2005|title=Defining early mycosis fungoides|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0190962205027106|journal=Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology|volume=53|issue=6|pages=1053–1063|doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2005.08.057|pmid=16310068 |hdl=2158/311708}} 3. ^{{cite book |author1=James, William D. |author2=Berger, Timothy G. |title=Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology |publisher=Saunders Elsevier |location= |year=2006 |pages= |isbn=978-0-7216-2921-6 |oclc= |doi=|accessdate=|display-authors=etal}} 4. ^{{cite journal|last1=Sidiropoulos|first1=KG|last2=Martinez-Escala|first2=ME|last3=Yelamos|first3=O|last4=Guitart|first4=J|last5=Sidiropoulos|first5=M|title=Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: a review|journal=Journal of Clinical Pathology|date=December 2015|volume=68|issue=12|pages=1003–10|doi=10.1136/jclinpath-2015-203133|pmid=26602417|type=Review}} 5. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Willemze | first1 = R. | last2 = Jaffe | first2 = ES. | last3 = Burg | first3 = G. | last4 = Cerroni | first4 = L. | last5 = Berti | first5 = E. | last6 = Swerdlow | first6 = SH. | last7 = Ralfkiaer | first7 = E. | last8 = Chimenti | first8 = S. | last9 = Diaz-Perez | first9 = JL. | last10 = Duncan | first10 = L. M. | last11 = Grange | first11 = F | last12 = Harris | first12 = N. L. | last13 = Kempf | first13 = W | last14 = Kerl | first14 = H | last15 = Kurrer | first15 = M | last16 = Knobler | first16 = R | last17 = Pimpinelli | first17 = N | last18 = Sander | first18 = C | last19 = Santucci | first19 = M | last20 = Sterry | first20 = W | last21 = Vermeer | first21 = M. H. | last22 = Wechsler | first22 = J | last23 = Whittaker | first23 = S | last24 = Meijer | first24 = C. J. | title = WHO-EORTC classification for cutaneous lymphomas | journal = Blood | volume = 105 | issue = 10 | pages = 3768–85 |date=May 2005 | doi = 10.1182/blood-2004-09-3502 | pmid = 15692063 | display-authors = 8 }} 6. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Khamaysi | first1 = Z. | last2 = Ben-Arieh | first2 = Y. | last3 = Izhak | first3 = OB. | last4 = Epelbaum | first4 = R. | last5 = Dann | first5 = EJ. | last6 = Bergman | first6 = R. | title = The applicability of the new WHO-EORTC classification of primary cutaneous lymphomas to a single referral center | journal = Am J Dermatopathol | volume = 30 | issue = 1 | pages = 37–44 |date=Feb 2008 | doi = 10.1097/DAD.0b013e31815f9841 | pmid = 18212543 }} 7. ^{{Cite book|title=Clinician's Guide to Mycosis Fungoides|last=Beigi|first=Pooya Khan Mohammad|date=2017|publisher=Springer International Publishing|isbn=9783319479064|pages=23–34|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-47907-1_6|chapter = Treatment}} 8. ^Elorac, Inc. Announces Orphan Drug Designation for Novel Topical Treatment for Pruritus in Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma (CTCL) website 9. ^{{cite book|author=Turgeon, Mary Louise|title=Clinical hematology: theory and procedures|publisher=Lippincott Williams & Wilkins|location=Hagerstown, MD|year=2005|isbn=978-0-7817-5007-3|quote=Frequency of lymphoid neoplasms. (Source: Modified from WHO Blue Book on Tumour of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues. 2001, p. 2001.)|page=283}} 10. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal|last1=Devata|first1=S|last2=Wilcox|first2=RA|title=Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: A Review with a Focus on Targeted Agents|journal=American Journal of Clinical Dermatology|date=June 2016|volume=17|issue=3|pages=225–37|doi=10.1007/s40257-016-0177-5|pmid=26923912|type=Review}} External links{{Medical resources| ICD10 = {{ICD10|C|84|0|c|81}}, {{ICD10|C|84|1|c|81}} | ICD9 = {{ICD9|202.1}}, {{ICD9|202.2}} | ICDO = {{ICDO|9700|3}}, {{ICDO|9701|3}} | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = med | eMedicineTopic = 3486 | DiseasesDB = 8595 | MeshID = D016410 }}
3 : Lymphoid-related cutaneous conditions|Lymphoma|Rare cancers |
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