| 词条 | Massagno |
| 释义 |
| subject_name = Massagno | municipality_name = Massagno | municipality_type = municipality | imagepath_coa = Massagno-coat_of_arms.svg|pixel_coa= | map = Karte Gemeinde Massagno 2012.png | languages = Italian | canton = Ticino | iso-code-region = CH-TI | district = Lugano |coordinates = {{coord|46|1|N|8|57|E|display=inline,title}} |lat_NS=N|long_EW=E | postal_code = 6900, 6908 | municipality_code = 5196 | area = 0.73 | elevation = 352|elevation_description= | population = 5937|populationof = December 2007 | popofyear = 2007 | website = www.massagno.ch | mayor = |mayor_asof=|mayor_party= | mayor_title = Sindaco |list_of_mayors = | places = | demonym = | neighboring_municipalities= Lugano, Savosa | twintowns = Onex (Switzerland) |}} Massagno is a municipality in the district of Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. HistoryAn Upper Paleolithic Ax made out of serpentinite, and some cremation graves from the Iron Age are the only prehistoric traces discovered in Massagno. The village of Massagno is first mentioned in 1146 as Masagnio. In 1198 it was mentioned as Maxanio.[1] The Vicinanza of Massagno emerged from the villages of Massagno and Gerso, and during the Middle Ages it was part of the Pieve of Lugano. During the 9th and 10th Centuries, the Cathedral of S. Lorenzo in Lugano seems to have owned individual farms and houses in the village, and in 1198 it was the main landholder. At the same time, the Kastlanei Sonvico owned some estates. In 1262 the hospital of St. Mary of Lugano acquired some estates as well, which were sold in 1739 to the Luvini family in Massagno. In 1329, the provost of the Humiliati monastery of S . Antonio in Lugano bought land in the village. Then, in the 14th Century, the Bishop of Como acquired the right to tithe in Massagno and land in Gerso.[1] Historically, Massagno was part of the Lugano parish. Between 1920 and 1927, together with Rovello, it formed one of Luganos five rettorati. After 1927 it was an independent parish without Rovello. The parish church of S. Lucia, which dates back to about 1530, was rebuilt in 1931 in the romanesque revival style. The Chapel of St. Anthony of Padua in Gerso is from 1655–70 and was restored in 1983. It was built by a member of the Solari family from Gerso, who had made his fortune in the wool trade in Venice. The chapel of Madonna della Salute was built in 1710 in fulfillment of a vow from 1636, when the municipality was hit by the plague. It was consecrated in 1729 and renovated in 1975.[1] Between 1815-30, the main road into the village was built. Between 1879-80 an excavation for a railway line led to strong population growth as workers (especially from Italy) migrated to Massagno for work. The strong population growth of the 1960s transformed Massagno, which had previously lived on agriculture and the seasonal migration, into a residential community with brisk construction activity. In 2000, about three quarters commuted out of town for work. The school complex was built in 1970-71.[1] GeographyMassagno has an area, {{as of|1997|lc=on}}, of {{convert|0.73|km2|sqmi|sp=us}}. Of this area, {{convert|0.56|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} or 76.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while {{convert|0.01|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} or 1.4% is forested. The rest of the land, {{convert|0.16|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} or 21.9% is settled (buildings or roads). Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 76.7% and transportation infrastructure made up 21.9%. while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 1.4%. Out of the forested land, all of the forested land area is covered with heavy forests. Of the agricultural land, 0.0% is used for growing crops and 76.7% is used for alpine pastures.[1] The municipality is located in the Lugano District, in the north-western agglomeration of Lugano. It consists of the village of Massagno the settlement of Gerso and, since 1804, part of the former municipality of Rovello. Coat of armsThe blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Azure a chestnut three vert fructed gules a core and eradicated or issuant from a mount of the second in chief a sun in splendor and in base of the first two line invected argent. The tree refers to the location of the village, on top of a hill, surrounded by chestnut trees.[2] DemographicsMassagno has a population ({{as of|{{Swiss populations YM|CH-TI}}|lc=on}}) of {{Swiss populations|CH-TI|5196}}.{{Swiss populations ref|CH-TI}} {{as of|2008}}, 38.6% of the population are resident foreign nationals.[3] Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 2%. Most of the population ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}) speaks Italian (78.0%), with German being second most common (6.6%) and Serbo-Croatian being third (5.4%).[4] Of the Swiss national languages ({{as of|2000|lc=on}}), 369 speak German, 127 people speak French, 4,334 people speak Italian, and 7 people speak Romansh. The remainder (721 people) speak another language.[5] {{as of|2008}}, the gender distribution of the population was 45.9% male and 54.1% female. The population was made up of 1,563 Swiss men (26.4% of the population), and 1,152 (19.5%) non-Swiss men. There were 2,048 Swiss women (34.6%), and 1,155 (19.5%) non-Swiss women.[10]In {{as of|2008|alt=2008}} there were 31 live births to Swiss citizens and 24 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 40 deaths of Swiss citizens and 13 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens decreased by 9 while the foreign population increased by 11. There were 8 Swiss men who emigrated from Switzerland and 4 Swiss women who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there were 53 non-Swiss men and 50 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 35 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 104 people. This represents a population growth rate of 2.4%.[3] The age distribution, {{as of|2009|lc=on}}, in Massagno is; 486 children or 8.2% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 513 teenagers or 8.7% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 691 people or 11.7% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 897 people or 15.2% are between 30 and 39, 960 people or 16.2% are between 40 and 49, and 741 people or 12.5% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 682 people or 11.5% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 578 people or 9.8% are between 70 and 79, there are 370 people or 6.3% who are over 80.[6] {{as of|2000}}, there were 2,685 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.1 persons per household.[4] {{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}} there were 181 single family homes (or 33.5% of the total) out of a total of 541 inhabited buildings. There were 60 two family buildings (11.1%) and 219 multi-family buildings (40.5%). There were also 81 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).[7]The vacancy rate for the municipality, {{as of|2008|alt=in 2008}}, was 0.67%. {{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}} there were 3,029 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 3 room apartment of which there were 979. There were 292 single room apartments and 378 apartments with five or more rooms.[8] Of these apartments, a total of 2,677 apartments (88.4% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 278 apartments (9.2%) were seasonally occupied and 74 apartments (2.4%) were empty.[8] {{as of|2007}}, the construction rate of new housing units was 10.2 new units per 1000 residents.[4] The historical population is given in the following chart:[9][10] Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.8) ImageSize = width:1080 height:210 PlotArea = height:150 left:100 bottom:50 right:100 AlignBars = justify DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:5600 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:1000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:200 start:0 PlotData= color:yellowgreen width:40 mark:(line,white) align:center bar:1698 from:start till:140 bar:1698 at:150 fontsize:S text: "35 Hearths" shift:(8,5) bar:1820 from:start till:250 text:"250" bar:1850 from:start till:329 text:"329" bar:1860 from:start till:369 text:"369" bar:1870 from:start till:368 text:"368" bar:1880 from:start till:580 text:"580" bar:1890 from:start till:477 text:"477" bar:1900 from:start till:773 text:"773" bar:1910 from:start till:1232 text:"1,232" bar:1920 from:start till:1223 text:"1,223" bar:1930 from:start till:1537 text:"1,537" bar:1941 from:start till:1858 text:"1,858" bar:1950 from:start till:2304 text:"2,304" bar:1960 from:start till:3739 text:"3,739" bar:1970 from:start till:5214 text:"5,214" bar:1980 from:start till:5569 text:"5,569" bar:1990 from:start till:5284 text:"5,284" bar:2000 from:start till:5558 text:"5,558" Heritage sites of national significanceThe D’Appartamenti Albairone House is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance.[11] PoliticsIn the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the CVP which received 39.16% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP (16.45%), the FDP (15.72%) and the Ticino League (14.25%). In the federal election, a total of 1,556 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 50.7%.[12] In the {{as of|2007|alt=2007}} Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 3,098 registered voters in Massagno, of which 1,892 or 61.1% voted. 24 blank ballots and 4 null ballots were cast, leaving 1,864 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD+GenGiova which received 620 or 33.3% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PS (with 279 or 15.0%), the LEGA (with 273 or 14.6%) and the PLRT (with 268 or 14.4%).[13] In the {{as of|2007|alt=2007}} Consiglio di Stato election, 18 blank ballots and 8 null ballots were cast, leaving 1,867 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD which received 619 or 33.2% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the LEGA (with 384 or 20.6%), the PS (with 305 or 16.3%) and the PLRT (with 258 or 13.8%).[13] Economy{{as of|2007|In 2007}}, Massagno had an unemployment rate of 5.33%. {{as of|2005}}, there were 11 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 3 businesses involved in this sector. 426 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 20 businesses in this sector. 978 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 196 businesses in this sector.[4] There were 2,620 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 46.1% of the workforce.{{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, there were 1,341 workers who commuted into the municipality and 2,153 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.6 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 15.7% of the workforce coming into Massagno are coming from outside Switzerland, while 0.4% of the locals commute out of Switzerland for work.[14] Of the working population, 19.5% used public transportation to get to work, and 44% used a private car.[4]{{as of|2009}}, there were 3 hotels in Massagno with a total of 34 rooms and 64 beds.[15]ReligionFrom the {{as of|2000|alt=2000 census}}, 3,837 or 69.0% were Roman Catholic, while 362 or 6.5% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. There are 1,054 individuals (or about 18.96% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 305 individuals (or about 5.49% of the population) did not answer the question.[5] EducationThe entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Massagno about 63.9% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule).[4] In Massagno there were a total of 766 students ({{as of|2009|lc=on}}). The Ticino education system provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten and in Massagno there were 132 children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 227 students attended the standard primary schools and 7 students attended the special school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two-year middle school followed by a two-year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four-year program to prepare for higher education. There were 191 students in the two-year middle school and 1 in their pre-apprenticeship, while 86 students were in the four-year advanced program. The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student).[16] There were 48 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 64 who attend part-time. The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There were 10 students in the professional program.[17] {{as of|2000}}, there were 178 students in Massagno who came from another municipality, while 318 residents attended schools outside the municipality.[14]References1. ^Altitudine, superficie, secondo il genere di utilizzazione, rilevazione 1992/1997, e densità della popolazione, nel 2000 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707003738/http://www.ti.ch/DFE/USTAT/DATI_RIEPILOGHI/default_x.asp?menu=02&key1_testo=Territorio%20e%20ambiente&key1=02&key2=01&key3=01 |date=2011-07-07 }} {{it icon}} accessed 25 October 2010 2. ^Flags of the World.com accessed 13-January-2011 3. ^1 Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Superweb database - Gemeinde Statistics 1981-2008 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100628151016/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/infothek/onlinedb/superweb/login.html |date=2010-06-28 }} {{de icon}} accessed 19 June 2010 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 Swiss Federal Statistical Office {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105172441/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/02/key.html |date=2016-01-05 }} accessed 13-January-2011 5. ^1 Popolazione residente, secondo la lingua principale e la religione, nel 2000 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707003908/http://www.ti.ch/DFE/USTAT/DATI_RIEPILOGHI/default_x.asp?menu=01&key1_testo=Popolazione&key1=01&key2=05&key3=00 |date=2011-07-07 }} {{it icon}} accessed 23 November 2010 6. ^1 01.02.03 Popolazione residente permanente {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707003757/http://www.ti.ch/DFE/USTAT/DATI_RIEPILOGHI/default_x.asp?menu=01&key1_testo=Popolazione&key1=01&key2=02&key3=03 |date=2011-07-07 }} {{it icon}} accessed 23 November 2010 7. ^09.02.01 Edifici {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707004037/http://www.ti.ch/DFE/USTAT/DATI_RIEPILOGHI/default_x.asp?menu=09&key1_testo=Costruzioni%20e%20abitazioni&key1=09&key2=02&key3=01 |date=2011-07-07 }} {{it icon}} accessed 23 November 2010 8. ^1 09.02.02 Abitazioni {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707004053/http://www.ti.ch/DFE/USTAT/DATI_RIEPILOGHI/default_x.asp?menu=09&key1_testo=Costruzioni%20e%20abitazioni&key1=09&key2=02&key3=02 |date=2011-07-07 }} {{it icon}} accessed 23 November 2010 9. ^1 2 3 4 {{HDS|2181|Massagno}} 10. ^Popolazione residente, dal 1850 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707004101/http://www.ti.ch/DFE/USTAT/DATI_RIEPILOGHI/default_x.asp?menu=01&key1_testo=Popolazione&key1=01&key2=02&key3=02 |date=2011-07-07 }} {{it icon}} accessed 23 November 2010 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bevoelkerungsschutz.admin.ch/internet/bs/de/home/themen/kgs/kgs_inventar/a-objekte.parsys.000117.DownloadFile.tmp/ti.pdf |title=Kantonsliste A-Objekte:Ticino |year=2009 |work=KGS Inventar |publisher=Federal Office of Civil Protection |language=German |accessdate=12 July 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706221155/http://www.bevoelkerungsschutz.admin.ch/internet/bs/de/home/themen/kgs/kgs_inventar/a-objekte.parsys.000117.DownloadFile.tmp/ti.pdf |archivedate=6 July 2011 |df= }} 12. ^Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Nationalratswahlen 2007: Stärke der Parteien und Wahlbeteiligung, nach Gemeinden/Bezirk/Canton {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150514211354/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/17/02/blank/data/04/03.html |date=2015-05-14 }} {{de icon}} accessed 28 May 2010 13. ^1 Elezioni cantonali: Gran Consiglio, Consiglio di Stato {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707003818/http://www.ti.ch/DFE/USTAT/DATI_RIEPILOGHI/default_x.asp?menu=17&key1_testo=Politica&key1=17&key2=02&key3=02 |date=2011-07-07 }} {{it icon}} accessed 23 November 2010 14. ^1 Swiss Federal Statistical Office - Statweb {{webarchive|url=https://archive.is/20120804043150/http://www.media-stat.admin.ch/stat/pendler/pop.php |date=2012-08-04 }} {{de icon}} accessed 24 June 2010 15. ^Settori alberghiero e paralberghiero {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707003852/http://www.ti.ch/DFE/USTAT/DATI_RIEPILOGHI/default_x.asp?menu=10&key1_testo=Turismo&key1=10&key2=03&key3=01 |date=2011-07-07 }} {{it icon}} accessed 23 November 2010 16. ^{{Cite report |title=KANTONALE SCHULSTRUKTUREN IN DER SCHWEIZ UND IM FÜRSTENTUM LIECHTENSTEIN / STRUCTURES SCOLAIRES CANTONALES EN SUISSE ET DANS LA PRINCIPAUTÉ DU LIECHTENSTEIN |url= http://edudoc.ch/record/35128/files/Schulsystem_alle.pdf |author= EDK/CDIP/IDES |year= 2010 |accessdate= 24 June 2010 }} 17. ^Allievi e studenti, secondo il genere di scuola, anno scolastico 2009/2010 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707003844/http://www.ti.ch/DFE/USTAT/DATI_RIEPILOGHI/default_x.asp?menu=15&key1_testo=Formazione%20e%20scienza&key1=15&key2=02&key3=01 |date=2011-07-07 }} {{it icon}} accessed 23 November 2010 External links{{commons category}}
2 : Municipalities of Ticino|Cultural property of national significance in Ticino |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。