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词条 Demographics of Botswana
释义

  1. Population

     Census results  Bechuanaland Protectorate  Post-independence  UN estimates 

  2. Vital statistics

     Life expectancy at birth 

  3. Ethnic groups

  4. Languages

  5. Religions

  6. Other demographic statistics

     Population  Age structure  Total fertility rate  Population growth rate  Birth rate  Death rate  Median age  Net migration rate  Urbanization  Sex ratio  Life expectancy at birth  Maternal mortality rate  HIV/AIDS  Physicians density  Hospital bed density  Obesity - adult prevalence rate  Major infectious diseases  Nationality  Literacy  Education expenditure  Sanitation facility access 

  7. References

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Botswana, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Botswana, like many nations in southern Africa, suffers from a high HIV infection rate, estimated among adults ages 15 to 49 to be 24.8%.[1]

Population

Census results

{{Historical populations
| title=Botswana Population and Housing Census
| percentages = pagr
| 1904 |120776
| 1911 |124350
| 1921 |152983
| 1936 |265756
| 1946 |296310
| 1956 |309175
| 1964 |549510
| 1971 |596994
| 1981 |941027
| 1991 |1326796
| 2001 |1680863
| 2011 |2024787
| footnote=[2][2][3]
}}

Bechuanaland Protectorate

The seven censuses of Botswana before its independence happened irregularly. Due to the Anglo-Boer War, the first census of Bechuanaland Protectorate, originally set to occur in 1901, took place on 17 April 1904.[4] The 1931 census was postponed to 1936 because of the Great Depression.[4] The early censuses were unreliable and took several years to tabulate; the results were outdated by the time they were calculated.

Post-independence

There have been five censuses after the independence of Botswana, each occurring every ten years in the year ending in 1 (i.e. 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001, and 2011). The 1971 census was the first census in Botswana to use de facto enumeration; this method counts people based on how many people spent census night at a specific location. Previously, the citizens were counted based on their usual place of residence. The 2001 census was the first census in Botswana to comply with the SADC 2000 Census Project, the guidelines of which unify the demographic statistics in southern Africa. The most recent census was the 2011 Botswana Population and Housing Census, which occurred in August 2011.

UN estimates

According to {{UN_Population|source}} the total population was {{UN_Population|Botswana}} in {{UN_Population|Year}}, compared to only 413,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 32.6%, 63.4% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 4% was 65 years or older.[5]

Total populationPopulation aged 0–14 (%)Population aged 15–64 (%)Population aged 65+ (%)
1950 413 00040.954.84.4
1955 470 00042.453.44.2
1960 524 00045.650.44.0
1965 596 00048.448.23.5
1970 693 00047.948.93.2
1975 822 00047.150.12.8
1980 996 00046.551.02.5
19851 183 00046.351.22.4
19901 382 00044.852.62.6
19951 586 00041.655.72.7
20001 758 00037.959.03.0
20051 876 00034.961.63.5
20102 007 00032.663.44.0

Vital statistics

Registration of vital events is in Botswana not complete. The Population Departement of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.

[5]
PeriodLive births per yearDeaths per yearNatural change per yearCBR*CDR*NC*TFR*IMR*
1950–1955 21 000 8 000 12 00047.018.828.26.50135
1955–1960 23 000 9 000 15 00047.317.329.96.58124
1960–1965 26 000 9 000 17 00046.615.631.06.65113
1965–1970 30 000 9 000 21 00046.114.032.16.70104
1970–1975 34 000 9 000 25 00045.512.033.46.5590
1975–1980 41 000 9 000 32 00045.09.935.16.3775
1980–1985 46 000 9 000 37 00042.58.434.15.9763
1985–1990 48 000 9 000 39 00037.27.030.25.1154
1990–1995 48 000 11 000 37 00032.27.225.04.3251
1995–2000 48 000 18 000 30 00028.611.017.73.7061
2000–2005 46 000 27 000 19 00025.514.910.63.1859
2005–2010 47 000 25 000 23 00024.212.611.62.9041
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)
Births and deaths[6]
YearPopulationLive birthsDeathsNatural increaseCrude birth rateCrude death rateRate of natural increaseTFR
201240 85612 27028 586
201441 74112 17729 564

Source: Vital Statistics Report 2012.

Life expectancy at birth

Life expectancy from 1950 to 2015 (UN World Population Prospects):[7]

PeriodLife expectancy in

Years

1950–195547.67
1955–1960{{increase}} 49.71
1960–1965{{increase}} 51.61
1965–1970{{increase}} 53.37
1970–1975{{increase}} 56.07
1975–1980{{increase}} 59.32
1980–1985{{increase}} 61.75
1985–1990{{increase}} 62.54
1990–1995{{decrease}} 59.86
1995–2000{{decrease}} 51.31
2000–2005{{decrease}} 49.15
2005–2010{{increase}} 56.52
2010–2015{{increase}} 62.91

Ethnic groups

Tswana or Setswana[8] 79%, Kalanga[8] 11%, Basarwa[8] 3%, other 7% (including Kgalagadi and White[8] )

Languages

{{Main|Languages of Botswana}}

Setswana 77.3%, Sekalanga 7.4%, Sekgalagadi, seyeyi 3.4%, English (official) 2.8%, Zezuru/Shona 2%, Sesarwa 1.7%, sotho1% Sembukushu 1.6%j, Ndebele 1%, other 2.8% (2011 est.)[8]

Religions

{{main|Religion in Botswana}}

Christian[8] 79.1%, Badimo[8] 4.1%, Other 1.4% (includes Baha'i,[8] Hindu,[8] Islam,[8] Rastafarian[8]), None[8] 15.2%, Unspecified[8] 0.3% (2011 est.)

Other demographic statistics

Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review in 2019.[9]

  • One birth every 10 minutes
  • One death every 36 minutes
  • One net migrant every 180 minutes
  • Net gain of one person every 13 minutes

The following demographic statistics are from the 2018 CIA World Factbook.

Population

2,249,104 (July 2018 est.)

2,214,858 (July 2017 est.)

Age structure

  • 0-14 years: 31.48% (male 357,175 /female 350,775)
  • 15-24 years: 18.7% (male 207,611 /female 212,874)
  • 25-54 years: 38.88% (male 412,475 /female 462,013)
  • 55-64 years: 5.61% (male 53,653 /female 72,617)
  • 65 years and over: 5.33% (male 51,304 /female 68,607) (2018 est.)

Total fertility rate

2.53 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 77th

Population growth rate

1.52% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 71st

1.55% (2017 est.)

Birth rate

21.7 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 70th

22.1 births/1,000 population (2017 est.)

Death rate

9.5 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 48th

9.6 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.)

Median age

total: 24.9 years. Country comparison to the world: 158th

male: 23.8 years

female: 26 years (2018 est.)

total: 24.5 years

male: 23.5 years

female: 25.6 years (2017 est.)

Net migration rate

3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 34th

3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2009 est.) [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bc.html]

note: there is an increasing flow of Zimbabweans into Botswana and South Africa in search of better economic opportunities.

Urbanization

Urban population: 69.4% of total population (2018)

Rate of urbanization: 2.87% annual rate of change (2015–20 est.)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

15–64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female

total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

Total population: 63.3 years

Male: 61.2 years

Female: 65.5 years (2017 est.)

Maternal mortality rate

129 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.) Country comparison to the world: 65th

HIV/AIDS

{{main|HIV/AIDS in Botswana}}

Adult prevalence rate: 22.8% (2017 est.)

People living with HIV/AIDS: 380,000 (2017 est.)

Deaths due to AIDS: 4,100 (2017 est.)

Physicians density

0.38 physicians/1,000 population (2012)

Hospital bed density

1.8 beds/1,000 population (2010)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

18.9% (2015)

Major infectious diseases

Degree of risk: high

Food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever

Vectorborne disease: malaria (2009)

Nationality

Noun: Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)

Adjective: Motswana (singular), Batswana (plural)

Literacy

Definition: age 15 and over can read and write

Total population: 88.5%

Male: 88%

Female: 88.9% (2015 est.)

Education expenditure

8.7% of total GDP (2007)

Sanitation facility access

improved:

urban: 78.5% of population (2015 est.)

rural: 43.1% of population (2015 est.)

total: 63.4% of population (2015 est.)

unimproved:

urban: 21.5% of population (2015 est.)

rural: 56.9% of population (2015 est.)

total: 36.6% of population (2015 est.)

References

{{Commons category|Demographics of Botswana}}
1. ^{{cite web | title =HIV & Aids in Botswana|publisher=AVERT International HIV & Aids Charity|url = http://www.avert.org/aids-botswana.htm|accessdate=15 January 2013}}
2. ^{{cite web |title=TABLE 1: 1971, 1981, 1991 and 2001 CENSUS DEMOGRAPHIC INDICATORS; BOTSWANA |url=http://www.cso.gov.bw/templates/cso/file/File/Table_1971-2001_Census_Demographic_Indicators(1).pdf |publisher=Central Statistics Office |accessdate=20 July 2012 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/69I3pDlJb?url=http://www.cso.gov.bw/templates/cso/file/File/Table_1971-2001_Census_Demographic_Indicators(1).pdf |archivedate=20 July 2012 |location=Gaborone |page=1 |format=PDF |deadurl=yes |df= }}
3. ^{{cite web |title=The Population of Towns, Villages and Associated Localities |work=2011 Population and Housing Census |url=http://www.cso.gov.bw/templates/cso/file/File/Population%20of%20Towns%20and%20Villages%20_2011%20PHC_%20Jun%204%202012..pdf |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/68QAYaEFm?url=http://www.cso.gov.bw/templates/cso/file/File/Population%20of%20Towns%20and%20Villages%20_2011%20PHC_%20Jun%204%202012..pdf |archivedate=14 June 2012 |accessdate=20 July 2012 |date=June 2012 |publisher=Statistics Botswana |location=Gaborone |format=PDF |page=1 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
4. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=History|url=http://www.cso.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content1&site=census&id=28&parent_id=27|publisher=Central Statistics Office|accessdate=20 July 2012|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/69I1Cikab?url=http://www.cso.gov.bw/index.php?option=com_content1&site=census&id=28&parent_id=27|archivedate=20 July 2012|deadurl=yes|df=}}
5. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/index.htm|title=Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision|author=|date=|website=un.org|accessdate=15 April 2018}}
6. ^http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm
7. ^{{cite web|url=https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/|title=World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations|last=|date=|year=|publisher=|pages=|language=|format=|archiveurl=|archivedate=|deadurl=|accessdate=2017-07-15|quote=|periodical=|month=|day=}}
8. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 {{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bc.html|title= Africa :: BOTSWANA|publisher= CIA The World Factbook}}
9. ^{{cite|url=http://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/botswana-population/|title=Botswana Population 2019|website=World Population Review}}
{{CIA World Factbook|year=2009}}
  • Botswana Demographics 2001 Central Statistics Office (Botswana), Census and Demographic Statistics for the year 2001.
{{Botswana topics}}{{Africa in topic|Demographics of}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Demographics Of Botswana}}

1 : Demographics of Botswana
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