| 词条 | Demographics of Paraguay | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|type = |footnote = Source: [1] |1950 | 1328452 |1962 | 1819103 |1972 | 2357955 |1982 | 3029830 |1992 | 4152588 |2002 | 5163198 |2015 | 6755756 }} This article discusses the demographic features of the population of Paraguay, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.faces Paraguay's population is distributed unevenly through the country. The vast majority of the people live in the eastern region, most within {{convert|160|km|mi}} of Asunción, the capital and largest city, which borders on Argentina to the south and west. The Gran Chaco in the north-west, which accounts for about 60% of Paraguayan territory, is home to less than 2% of the population. The Paraguay government encouraged{{when?|date=August 2017}} massive settlement of the vast Gran Chaco. Ethnically, culturally, and socially, Paraguay has one of the most homogeneous populations in South America. About 95% of the people are mestizo (mixed Spanish and Guaraní Native American descent). Little trace is left of the original Guaraní culture{{cn|date=August 2017}} except the language, which is spoken by 90% of the population. About 75% of all Paraguayans also speak Spanish. Guaraní and Spanish are official languages. Some demographers{{which?|date=August 2017}} contend that the total "mostly white" percentage has grown in the last century as a result of European immigration, and white people are now estimated{{by whom?|date=August 2017}} at 20% or one-fifth of the country's population.{{citation needed|date=April 2012}} Not completely homogeneous, Paraguay has a history of other settlement, especially in the 20th century: Germans (the majority are Mennonites) with long-time Paraguayan dictator Alfredo Stroessner (President, 1954-1989) himself of German ancestry; Italians (around 40% of the total Paraguayan population is of full or partial Italian descent);[2] Japanese with Okinawans; Koreans; ethnic Chinese; Arabs, Ukrainians; Poles; Southern Europeans; Jews; Brazilians; and Argentines are among those who have settled in Paraguay. There are also an estimated 234,000 Afro-Paraguayans, or 4% of the population.[3] European and Middle Eastern immigrants began making their way to Paraguay in the decades following the Paraguayan War of 1864-1860 (from 1870 onward). Only 28,000 men and 200,000 women had survived the war, the reason why Paraguay had since then a high rate of illegitimate births. The government pursued a pro-immigration policy in an effort to increase population. Government records indicated that approximately 12,000 immigrants entered the port of Asunción between 1882 and 1907, of that total, almost 9,000 came from Italy, Germany, France, and Spain. Migrants also arrived from neighboring Spanish American countries, especially Argentina. The immigrant ethnic groups kept their cultures and languages to some extent, especially Brazilians - known as "Brasiguayos".[4][5] Official records gave an imprecise sense of the number of Brazilians who came to the country. According to the 1982 census, 99,000 Brazilians resided in Paraguay. Most{{quantify|date=August 2017}} analysts discounted this figure, however, and contended that between 300,000 and 350,000 Brazilians lived in the eastern border region. Analysts also rejected government figures on the number of immigrants from South Korea, Hong Kong and Taiwan. The 1982 census reported that there were 2,700 Koreans in Paraguay, along with another 1,100 non-Japanese or non-Korean Asian immigrants. The actual number of Koreans and ethnic Chinese, however, was believed{{by whom?|date=August 2017}} to be between 30,000 and 50,000. Virtually all Koreans and ethnic Chinese lived in Ciudad del Este or Asunción and played a major role in the importation and sale of electronic goods manufactured in Asia. Paraguay became the site of radical and progressive colonies inspired by political thinkers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. A group of radical socialist Australians in the 1890s voluntarily went to create a failed master-planned community, known as Nueva (New) Australia (1893 -1897); and Elisabeth Nietzsche, a German racial ideologist and sister of philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche came to Paraguay in her attempt to build a colony, Nueva Germania (Neues Deutschland) (founded 1886) devoted to a hypothetical pure white "Nordic" society. PopulationAccording to {{UN_Population|source}} the total population was {{UN_Population|Paraguay}} in {{UN_Population|Year}}, compared to only 1,473,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 33.5%, 61.4% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 5.1% was 65 years or older .[6]
Structure of the population[7]Structure of the population (01.07.2013) (Projections based on the 2002 Population Census) :
Vital statisticsRegistration of vital events is in Paraguay not complete. The Population Departement of the United Nations prepared the following estimates. [6]
Total fertility rate[9]Total Fertility Rate (Wanted Fertility Rate):
Ethnic groups{{bar box|title=Ethnic groups of Paraguay [10] |titlebar=#ddd |left1=Ethnic groups |right1=percent |float=left |bars={{bar percent|Mestizo|Blue|95}}{{bar percent|Other |Green|5}} }} Religions{{bar box|title=Religions of Paraguay [10] |titlebar=#ddd |left1=Religions |right1=percent |float=left |bars={{bar percent|Roman Catholic|Blue| 89.6}}{{bar percent|Protestant |Orange|6.2}}{{bar percent| Other or Unspecified |Green|1.9}}{{bar percent| Other Christian|Yellow|1.1}}{{bar percent|None |Orange| 1.1}} }} Languages{{main|Languages of Paraguay}}{{bar box|title=Languages of Paraguay |titlebar=#ddd |left1=Languages |right1=percent |float=left |bars={{bar percent|Guaraní |Orange|90}}{{bar percent|Spanish|Blue| 87}} }} CIA World Factbook demographic statisticsThe following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.[11] Median age
Population growth rate
Sex ratio
HIV/AIDS – adult prevalence rate0.3% (2009 est.) HIV/AIDS – people living with HIV/AIDS13,000 (2009 est.) HIV/AIDS – deaths<500 (2009 est.) Literacy
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Evolución de la Población Total|url=http://www.dgeec.gov.py/Publicaciones/evoluciontotal.php|website=DGEEC|accessdate=27 July 2017}} {{South_America_in_topic|Demographics of}}{{Ethnic groups in Paraguay}}{{Paraguay topics}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Demographics Of Paraguay}}2. ^ 3. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/03/01/afro-latino-a-deeply-rooted-identity-among-u-s-hispanics/ | title = Afro-Latino: A deeply rooted identity among U.S. Hispanics}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url= https://wais.stanford.edu/Brazil/brazil_braziliansinparaguay61501.html|title= BRAZIL: Brazilians in Paraguay|last= Hilton|first= Ronald|date= 2001-06-15 |language= en|access-date= 2017-01-19}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url= http://www.everyculture.com/No-Sa/Paraguay.html|title= Culture of Paraguay - history, people, clothing, traditions, women, beliefs, food, customs, family|website= www.everyculture.com|language= en|access-date= 2017-01-19}} 6. ^1 Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110506000000/http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/index.htm |date=6 May 2011 }} 7. ^http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm 8. ^http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/vitstats/serATab3.pdf 9. ^http://www.cepep.org.py/archivos/ENDSSR%202008_1.pdf 10. ^1 {{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pa.html|title=South America :: PARAGUAY|publisher= CIA The World Factbook}} 11. ^[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pa.html The World Factbook – Paraguay] 1 : Demographics of Paraguay |
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