1. Publication history

2. Fictional character biography
    Criminal career begins  Arachnophobia  Death and resurrection  Subsequent schemes  Civil War  Dying  "Death" and rebirth  The Superior Spider-Man  Spider-Verse  All-New, All-Different Marvel  Dead No More: The Clone Conspiracy  Superior Octopus  Spider-Geddon  Superior Spider-Man Vol. 2 

3. Powers and abilities
    Harnesses  Powers as Spider-Man  Octobots  Powers as Superior Octopus 

4. Other versions
    Age of Ultron  House of M  Marvel 1602  Marvel Zombies  MC2  Marvel Noir  Spider-Gwen  Spider-Man: Chapter One  Spider-Man: India  Spider-Man: Reign  Secret Wars  Spider-Verse  Superman vs. the Amazing Spider-Man  Ultimate Marvel 

5. In other media
    Television  Film  Video games  Theatre  Toys and collectibles  Amusement park rides 

6. References

7. External links

• Brilliant engineer and inventor
• Genius-level intellect
• Superb strategist
• Wears super-strong and durable mechanical appendages
• Telepathic control over his mechanical arms

(As Superior Spider-Man/Superior Octopus):

• Possesses Spider-Man's powers, abilities, memories and equipment
• Carbonadium plating over his neck and skull
• Talons on his hands and feet

Doctor Octopus (Otto Octavius) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. A highly intelligent mad scientist, Doctor Octopus is typically portrayed as a stocky, myopic man who utilizes four powerful, mechanical appendages, and is a prominent enemy of the superhero Spider-Man.

The character has appeared in numerous Spider-Man animations and video games, and is portrayed by Alfred Molina in the 2004 film Spider-Man 2. In 2009, Doctor Octopus was ranked as IGN's 28th Greatest Comic Book Villain of All Time.^[1] His first brief appearance as the Superior Spider-Man was in Daredevil vol. 3 #21 (December 2012) and his first full appearance of the same character was in Avenging Spider-Man #15.1 (Dec. 2012). Comics journalist and historian Mike Conroy writes of the character: "Created by Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko, Doc Ock, as he became known, has become one of the web slinger's most persistent and dangerous foes."^[2] IGN rated him as the greatest enemy of Spider-Man.^[3] Though historically portrayed as a supervillain, some depictions of him in the 2000s have indicated him to harbor more noble and honorable character traits, including those seen in the film Spider-Man 2, in the action-adventure video game Marvel's Spider-Man, and in the Superior Spider-Man comics series. In the mainstream comics universe, Octavius has been recently portrayed as struggling to redeem himself, as the antihero Superior Octopus.

Publication history

The character of Doctor Octopus first appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man #3 (July 1963), and was created by writer Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko.^[4][5][6][7] Lee recounted: "usually in creating a villain the first thing I would think of was a name, and then I would try to think of, 'Well, now that I've got the name, who's the character going to be and what will he do?' For some reason, I thought of an octopus. I thought, 'I want to call somebody Octopus. And I want him to have a couple of extra arms just for fun.' But I had to figure out how to do that."^[8] The character soon appeared in The Amazing Spider-Man #11-12, and again in #31-33.

Doctor Octopus is regarded as one of Spider-Man's most infamous enemies. He has been cited as the man Peter might have become if he had not been raised with a sense of responsibility.^[6][9][10] He is infamous for defeating him the first time in battle and for almost marrying Peter's Aunt May. He is the core leader of the Sinister Six and has also referred himself as the "Master Planner". ("If This Be My Destiny...!")^[9][11] Later depictions revealed him in Peter Parker's body where he was the titular character from 2013-2014.^[10] In 2018 it was announced that he would return as Superior Spider-Man again in a series written by Christos Gage and illustrated by Mike Hawthorne.^[12]

Fictional character biography

Born in Schenectady, New York, Otto Octavius had a turbulent upbringing. His father Torbert Octavius, a factory worker, was abusive and violent towards both Otto and his mother Mary Octavius. Young Otto's shyness and good work in school got him labeled as a "teacher's pet" and targeted as a subject for bullying. Torbert did not appreciate having a bullied son, and roared at Otto to use violence in dealing with the bullies. Mary Octavius would defend her son from Torbert's tirades, saying Otto was a gifted thinker who would use his brain to solve problems, not his fists. Due to his mother's insistence and her disgust towards men who worked in manual labor, Otto was determined not to become like his father and threw all his efforts into his education, regularly scoring top marks. Otto's devotion to study paid off with him being awarded a university scholarship. During Otto's freshman year of college, his father's death due to an industrial accident pushed Otto towards the study of, and obsession with, physical science. After graduating from college, Otto found work in an engineering firm.

Otto became a brilliant and respected nuclear physicist, atomic research consultant, inventor, and lecturer. He designed a set of highly advanced mechanical arms controlled via a brain–computer interface to assist him with his research into atomic physics. The tentacle arms were resistant to radiation and were capable of great strength and highly precise movement, attached to a harness that fit around his body.^[13] Later in his criminal career, he claimed the inspiration for the device came from the Vitruvian Man, the famous pencil sketch by Leonardo da Vinci, one of his idols.^[14]

Though his relationship with co-workers was typically hostile, a fellow researcher named Mary Alice Anders befriended him when Otto impressed her with a demonstration of his harness, and the two began a courtship. In due time, Otto proposed marriage to Mary Alice. However, Otto's mother did not approve, believing that no woman was good enough for her son. To please her, he ended his engagement. Later, when he discovered that his mother had begun dating a librarian, he rebuked her, causing her to have a fatal heart attack in the heat of their argument. With the death of his mother and Mary Alice Anders out of his life, Octavius' disposition towards nearly everyone became mean-spirited, and he had become more distracted from paying attention to detail and safety precautions in his work.^[15] His co-workers often called him "Dr. Octopus" behind his back, a pun on his actual name inspired by the four-armed apparatus; he was aware of this insult, but he barely cared.^[13]

Criminal career begins

During an accidental radiation leak that ended in an explosion, the apparatus became fused to Otto Octavius's body. It was later revealed that the radiation (or possibly his own latent mutation) had mutated his brain so that he could control the movement of the arms using his thoughts alone. The tentacles have since been surgically removed from his body, although Octavius retains the power to control them telepathically from a great distance. The accident also seemingly damaged his brain (although it was later suggested that what was interpreted as brain damage was in fact his mind rewiring itself to accommodate four extra limbs^[16]), and the scientist turned to a life of crime, first taking the hospital hostage and calling himself "Dr. Octopus" from the derogatory name that his co-workers had given him.^[13] Though Doctor Octopus himself is portly, in poor physical shape, and is near-sighted, with his harness attached he is physically more than a match for Spider-Man. The accident also made his eyes very sensitive to light, requiring him to wear glasses with shaded lenses.^[17]

In their first encounter, Doctor Octopus defeated Spider-Man, tossing him out of a window. Following this defeat, Spider-Man considered giving up his heroic career, but was inspired to continue by the Human Torch, and ultimately defeated Doctor Octopus.^[13]

Over the years, Dr. Octopus has become one of the most identifiable members of Spider-Man's rogues gallery. Doctor Octopus formed the original Sinister Six to fight Spider-Man after taking Betty Brant and May Parker hostage.^[18] He has led subsequent Sinister Six groups, and usually takes offense when someone else leads the team. Disguised as the Master Planner, he organized a theft of atomic equipment. After he stole a formula that Spider-Man needed to cure his Aunt May, Spider-Man tracked Doctor Octopus' gang to their base. In the ensuing fight, Spider-Man became trapped underneath a collapsed building. Seemingly doomed, Spider-Man was ultimately able to draw upon sheer force of will to summon the strength to escape.^[19] It is later revealed he used a scuba tank to escape.{{issue|date=June 2012}}

Doctor Octopus later attempts to steal the Defense Department's Nullifier device, and sets a trap for Spider-Man.^[20] He became May Parker's tenant,^[21] then got close enough to use the Nullifier on Spider-Man; although he had hoped that it would merely nullify Spider-Man's web-shooters, the radiation in Spider-Man's blood resulted in the Nullifier's interaction with Spider-Man's unique biology rendering him amnesiac,^[22] Doctor Octopus subsequently tricking Spider-Man into helping him before Spider-Man's own better nature resulted in him turning against his 'partner' despite his memory loss long enough for John Jameson to use the Nullifier to shut down his tentacles.^[23]

Doctor Octopus later exhibited the ability to activate his mechanical arms remotely, and used them to free himself from prison.^[24] His resulting battle with Spider-Man resulted in Captain George Stacy's death.^[25] Doctor Octopus later waged a gang war with Hammerhead.^[26] He attempted to wed May Parker in order to acquire an island with an atomic plant which she had recently unknowingly inherited.^[27] Doctor Octopus escaped death when the island was destroyed, and began a life as a homeless person.^[28] He next battled the "ghost" of Hammerhead, and was able to return him to human form and defeat him after a temporary alliance with Spider-Man.^[29]

Doctor Octopus later attempted to hijack an atomic submarine.^[30] He also attempted to poison New York City with printers' ink, and battled the Punisher and Spider-Man.^[31] He next battled the Owl and his gang.^[32] He successfully deactivated a nuclear reactor in a laboratory before meltdown.^[33] He later displayed symptoms which Mister Fantastic diagnosed as multiple personality disorder.^[34] Doctor Octopus was taken to the Beyonder's Battleworld, where he fought a horde of heroes and plotted against Doctor Doom for leadership of the group of villains. He was able to defeat the X-Men until Magneto came to the mutants' aid.^[35]

Arachnophobia

His crowning achievement of evil was the near-fatal beating of the Black Cat (Spider-Man's then-partner) which led to Spider-Man beating Doctor Octopus to within an inch of his life. The trauma of the beating he received from Spider-Man left Otto Octavius afraid of Spider-Man and spiders in general for years, and he needed to be treated for his acute arachnophobia.^[36] Spider-Man was forced to let his nemesis beat him in combat so as to allow Octavius to break free of his fears and recruit him to save New York City from an exploding nuclear reactor; Octavius had been planning to detonate the reactor to kill Spider-Man indirectly, but after his out-of-control arms beat Spider-Man seemingly senseless, Spider-Man convinced him to shut down the reactor to ensure that there were witnesses to his 'great triumph'. Octavius decided to let Spider-Man live on the grounds that he would now have to cope with the same humiliation he had endured.^[37]

Death and resurrection

During the Clone Saga, Doctor Octopus saved Spider-Man from certain death from a poison injected by the Vulture, although this was only because he desired to be the one to kill Spider-Man.^[38] During the healing process he discovered Spider-Man's identity and then allowed himself to be taken in by police, expecting to be saved by his accomplice/lover Stunner. However, Stunner was knocked out and Doctor Octopus was murdered by the insane clone Kaine.^[39] Carolyn Trainer took over as "Doctor Octopus" until her teacher was resurrected by a branch of the mystical ninja cult known as the Hand.^[40] Upon his resurrection, it was revealed that he had no knowledge of Spider-Man's identity, as the memories he gained came from a computer chip provided by Carolyn Trainer, and the memory of Spider-Man's identity had not been recorded at the time of his death.^[41]

Subsequent schemes

In later years, Otto Octavius attempted to create his own personal assassin in the form of a villainous mutated entity he dubbed "Spider-Woman". He has also had to deal with another usurper, in the form of arrogant young businessman and con artist Carlyle, who pretended to employ Octavius at his company.^[42] Tiring of his life of crime and wishing to return to an engineering career, Octavius accepted the employment offer. This proved to be a ruse, and Carlyle subdued Doctor Octopus and stole his technology, using it to create his own version of Octavius' harness.^[43] During a prolonged battle with Octavius and Spider-Man, Carlyle was defeated when Doctor Octopus ripped open his suit, allowing Spider-Man to fill Carlyle's suit with webbing, although Doctor Octopus informed his enemy that he only did this to hurt Carlyle rather than to help Spider-Man.^[44]

Then, Dr. Octopus took the ambassador of the newly formed Free Palestinian State hostage, demanding that in exchange for the ambassador's freedom, Spider-Man would meet him in Times Square and unmask himself in front of the world. When Spider-Man went to Times Square, he pulled off his mask to reveal another mask, angering Octavius enough to distract him from the release of the ambassador by agents of the Israeli Secret Service.^[45]

Dr. Octopus was taken to Ryker's Island and was drugged and brainwashed to take down the Green Goblin. He interrupted a battle between Spider-Man and Green Goblin on the Brooklyn Bridge, and the two villains were struck by lightning and fell into the river below. Octopus was dragged out days later with no memories of the event.^[46]

While hiding in a plant that was owned by the villain Fusion, Octavius was apparently forced to work for Fusion in helping him recover the 'John Hancock' satellite, once used to find nuclear weapons but now capable of finding potentially radioactive superhumans such as the Hulk or Spider-Man.^[47] Although Fusion had apparently forced Octavius into submission, Octavius eventually revealed that he had merely been faking his submission so that Fusion could do all the hard work of finding the satellite for Octavius to sell off,^[48] subsequently beating Fusion half to death and attempting to sell the satellite himself before he was caught and defeated by Spider-Man.^[49]

Civil War

Octavius unsuccessfully tried to form and lead another version of the Sinister Six, because Captain America's Secret Avengers managed to defeat the villainous group, although Doctor Octopus himself eluded authorities.{{issue|date=December 2010}} In Sensational Spider-Man #28, Dr. Octopus is seen viewing a telecast of Peter Parker revealing himself to be Spider-Man. Doctor Octopus then goes rampaging throughout the city, in utter disbelief that not only was he beaten numerous times by a teenager, but of the lost opportunity he had when he unmasked Parker in one of their first encounters (at the time, Peter was severely weakened by a bad case of flu and Octavius assumed he was an impostor). He is again defeated by Spider-Man, who confronts Dr. Octopus unmasked, after two of Peter's students distract Octavius.{{issue|date=December 2010}} He is then sent to Baron Zemo's supervillain detention facility (as seen in Thunderbolts #104 and Iron Man Vol IV #14). Later, Spider-Man contacts Octavius to see if he can help with Aunt May's condition.^[50]

Dying

When Doctor Octopus learns that he is dying due to the years of punishment his body took in his villainous career, facing superhuman foes when he is fundamentally human once getting past the tentacles, he becomes increasingly despondent and brazen in his final plans. Intending to leave a lasting legacy, he attempts to exert control over New York City by using his newly minted Octobots, but while he consciously intends to help, his subconscious drives him to turn the city's resources against Spider-Man, and he also targets aggressively May Parker (guilty of being due to marry J. Jonah Jameson's father J. Jonah Jameson, Sr.), subtly disrupting the planned marriage. Spider-Man is eventually able to take control of Octavius's planned network, forcing Octavius to flee while vowing revenge.^[51]

In his desperate attempts to prolong his life, Otto Octavius reforms the Sinister Six, wishing to acquire Menace's unborn son, hoping to synthesize a pure strain of the Goblin Serum,^[52] only to be thwarted again by the efforts of Spider-Man and the guilty conscience of the Lizard,^[53] reigniting his bitterness towards his foe, but gaining a grudging acknowledgment of his abilities.^[54] Octavius and Spider-Man keep crossing their ways during the following months, with the Avengers fighting a new iteration of the Sinister Six,^[54] Doctor Octopus sending a remote Octobot in John Jameson's shuttle,^[55] and Octavius contacting Iron Man to force him to find a cure for his degenerative condition.^[56] However, when Iron Man genuinely offers to have the brightest minds in the Marvel Universe find a viable cure,^[57] Octavius smugly refuses, in favour of witnessing Stark admit that he can't do it and beg for mercy to disarm a device that Octavius had claimed was a bomb, basking in this "proof" of his, supposedly, superior intellect.^[58]

His attempts to prolong his life, however, does not hinder a more vast sinister plan in which he has the Sinister Six fighting the Avengers Academy for a piece of Hank Pym's technology,^[59] the Future Foundation for a piece of Reed Richard's tech^[60] and the Intelligencia for the Zero Cannon, a powerful antigravity weapon,^[61] later revealing to have gained something useful from his early foray in John Jameson's shuttle.^[62] All this careful preparation came to fruition during the "Ends of the Earth" storyline,^[63] where the apparently mismatched pieces of technology stolen are used to build a satellite net, the Octavian Lens, able to alter the world's climate by enhancing or smothering solar rays.

Doctor Octopus at first claims to have a benevolent intent, wishing to halt the greenhouse effect in exchange for gratitude and recognition,^[64] but he's soon exposed by Spider-Man (having enhanced himself with new Horizon Labs-built tech^[65]), Black Widow and Silver Sable, who provoke him into revealing his real plan: immolate a great part of the entire population, to prevent anyone from surviving his impending death, having the survivors remember him in perpetual fear and awe.^[66] Playing over his ego, Spider-Man manages to stall him, by reminding him that, even if anyone managed to survive a drastic heating of the entire Earth, the survivors would likely be brain-damaged, and as such unable to remember his actions.^[67] Spider-Man then roughly defeats him, in retaliation for Silver Sable's death, openly mocking and berating his efforts by claiming that, because of the Octavian Lens' destruction and his declining health, he's now going to die alone, forgotten and without a legacy.^[68]

"Death" and rebirth

Even captivity and incarceration are unable to stop Otto Octavius. Since Spider-Man was forced to access the Octobots' hive mind several times in previous months,^[65][69] he unwittingly gave Octavius a full, unrestricted access to his mind and as such he becomes able to program a lone Octobot to swap their mind pattern. Octavius is now in Peter Parker's body and able to access his foe's memories but with none of his restraints content of living his civilian life and planning for his future while his foe is now trapped in Octavius' failing body.^[70]

Peter is able to recruit the Scorpion, Hydro-Man and Trapster with the task of keeping him alive and capturing "Spider-Man" in an attempt to reverse the mind swap. However, Trapster's portable life support can give Peter only 700 minutes to live.^[71] As such, Peter openly antagonizes "Spider-Man". While Peter's attempt to reclaim his body fails, he's able to imbue his nemesis with his very memories and values before apparently dying in Octavius' crippled body. Distraught, Octavius (in a sudden surge of empathy for his sworn nemesis) vows to steer himself away from villainy and accepts Peter's dying wish of having a Spider-Man protect New York. Octavius claims that since he now holds the physical might and the good values embodied by Spider-Man but also the boundless ambition and the scientific mindframe of Doctor Octopus, he will surpass the "Amazing Spider-Man" becoming a "Superior Spider-Man".^[72]

The Superior Spider-Man

Within Spider-Man's body, Otto Octavius starts his new career as a hero by redesigning his gear and putting his past as a villain behind himself.^[73] However, he soon finds himself the target of several villains, such as an Octavius-tech enhanced Stilt-Man,^[74] Boomerang, Overdrive, Shocker, Speed Demon, the new female Beetle, and the Living Brain,^[75] all of them trying to take over the place left by the seemingly dead Doctor Octopus and his Sinister Six. While they're still no match for the new, more ruthless Spider-Man, his violence and new mannerisms start to tip off several of his close friends and allies, such as the whole Horizon Labs, Daredevil,^[74] Wolverine (explicitly forbidden to have Spider-Man's mind telepathically scanned under the threat of legal action in court),^[76] Mary Jane Watson,^[75] and Carlie Cooper.^[77]

Despite his accomplishments, Octavius is revealed to be still haunted by Peter Parker's lingering spirit, unable to reassert control over Spider-Man's shared body, but actively hampering his efforts to stray from Peter's values, and trying to reclaim his body.^[77] Despite Peter's lingering influence, Octavius's refusal of Peter's values and perceived screw-ups prompts him to "rectify" some mistakes: "Peter" enrolls back to college, pursuing actively the PhD Peter denied himself in the past,^[78] and breaks the self-imposed "no-kill rule" by taking a proactive stance against evildoers and criminals, shooting the villain Massacre even after Massacre appeared to show signs of recovering from the brain damage that motivated his crimes,^[79] and violently assaulting Jester and Screwball for a relatively minor insult.^[80] These actions prompted the Avengers to confront "Spider-Man" about his recent activities, recognizing that their friend would never act in such a manner.^[81] When their subsequent analysis confirms that he is still biologically Peter Parker, Octavius explains that he is merely dealing with stress over recent events.^[82]

Attempting a mind wipe of all of Peter's memories to destroy the living consciousness completely, Octavius manages to delete the Daily Bugle memory. Realizing Peter would not surrender, Octavius directly engages his foe in Spider-Man's mind. After beating Peter to a pulp by breaking his spirit with the knowledge Peter was willing let a girl named Amy come close to death when Octavius was performing surgery on her with a scanner that would have detected him, Octavius declares his final victory while calling Peter unworthy to be called Spider-Man and believes that he deleted all of Spider-Man's memories. Returning to the real world, Octavius rejoices from his belief that he is free and has achieved victory over Spider-Man.^[83] But this erasure has also deprived him of Spider-Man's memories, leaving it more difficult for him to pose as Spider-Man, with some of Peter's friends (such as Carlie, Mary Jane, and J. Jonah Jameson, Sr.) questioning Spider-Man's more brutal approach.^[84] While Octavius has developed more detailed resources than Peter possessed as Spider-Man, such as creating a small army of Spider-bots and Spiderling allies to assist him, as well as helping Cyclops trap the body-hopping mutant Malice in a specially-designed containment unit,^[85] he continues to resort to more questionable methods, such as killing Alistair Smythe,^[86] and blackmailing Jameson into giving him free rein in New York by threatening to expose the fact that Jameson asked him to do this. During a series of confrontations with his former allies in the Sinister Six, he also attempted to brainwash them into becoming his new 'team', resulting in him being forced to join forces with new hero Sun Girl when the Six snapped out of his control and tried to kill him.^[87]

Octavius's focus on the larger scale also resulted in him missing the Green Goblin's efforts to establish a new criminal empire, with Green Goblin rescuing criminals who have escaped Spider-Man and recruiting them into his new gang as Octavius simply focused on the leaders where Peter would have tried to capture the whole gang. His fixation in proving himself Spider-Man's superior reached a particular climax when Spider-Man 2099 came to the past to deal with a temporal anomaly,^[88] with Octavius becoming so fixated with solving the problem and keeping his identity secret that he actually attacked the future Spider-Man rather than ask for his help,^[89] his actions resulting in the destruction of Horizon Labs because he couldn't solve the vibranium-related equations that Peter was able to resolve. Unknown to Octavius, Peter's memories managed to survive the deletion. When Octavius attempts to access Spider-Man's memories (because Octavius can only view memories that were looked at before the delete), Peter is shown lifting the 'rocks' off himself from the mental battle.^[90]

When Carlie had found evidence that Doctor Octopus' mind is in Spider-Man's body, she mourns Peter in Doctor Octopus' grave. The grave then collapses and Carlie falls in where she discovers that Doctor Octopus' body is not there. After Carlie has been captured by Menace, the Goblin King receives Carlie's journal from Menace where Goblin King discovers evidence in there that states that Doctor Octopus' mind is in Spider-Man's body.^[91]

Following him being possessed by the Venom symbiote, Octavius receives unexpected help from Peter Parker's consciousness, though Octavius is still unaware that Peter survived their mental duel. Peter decides to maintain a low profile until Octavius does something that will cause him to spring into action.^[92] Peter finds that Octavius's delete has left him with very few memories of his own, but after realizing those he still has are the ones that define him, vows not to give up, and that he will regain control of his body.^[93] The Superior Spider-Man finds himself facing the full force of the Goblin Underground since the possession of the Venom symbiote 31 days ago. When the Superior Spider-Man finally confronts the Goblin King, he mentions that he knows about Doctor Octopus' mind-swap with Spider-Man. The Goblin King then makes his next move by having missiles targeted at Spider-Island II.^[94]

Octavius survived the bombardment and escaped with The Living Brain. He then tries to find the Goblin King, however before he can do that, Menace takes supporting character Anna Maria Marconi hostage.^[95] Meanwhile, the Goblin destroys all the buildings that mean something to Octavius, to punish him for robbing the Goblin of his dream: Killing Spider-Man. Octavius is lured to Empire State University, where he finds Don Lamaze. During the ensuing fight, Lamaze takes a blade meant for Octavius and dies in Superior Spider-Man's arms. Heading to Alchemax, he is confronted by Spider-Man 2099, who takes control of the spider-slayers and demands answers. However, before he gets them, Goblin King reactivates the Slayers to kill the Spiders, stating Norman Osborn now rules New York.^[96] Although he manages to escape, Octavius is forced to realize that he has failed in his goal to be a 'Superior' Spider-Man when the restored Peter Parker takes over to save a child from a runaway train where Octavius hesitated, reflecting that he is aware of his fundamental inferiority as he overcompensates while Peter holds himself back but acts when he has to. Octavius then willingly deletes his own consciousness so that Peter can regain control of his body. As Octavius's last memories fade, it is shown he had really fallen in love with Anna Maria, much to Peter's surprise. Octavius tells Peter he's willing to give up his love to keep her safe- something only Peter can do as the true Superior Spider-Man- and urges the hero to save New York in his place.^[97]

Spider-Verse

In the run-up to Spider-Verse, Octavius was sent to the year 2099 by accident while dealing with the temporal anomalies caused by Horizon's time portal.^[98] Trapped in the future, he attempted to return home by creating a dimensional portal, but found himself travelling to various alternate universes – including one where Spider-Man joined the Fantastic Four and a variation of the House of M – where all the Spider-Men were dead. Realizing that something was hunting Spider-Men across other dimensions, Octavius began to gather some of the more ruthless Spider-Men into a team that could oppose whatever was killing them, including Spider-Man Noir, a multi-armed Spider-Man, Pavitr Prabhakar, and a Peter Parker working in black ops with Wolverine.^[99] As the crisis unfolds, Octavius takes command of a group of alternate Spider-Men, considering himself particularly qualified to lead them due to his unique nature and willingness to kill,{{issue|date=December 2014}} but when his team is confronted by another group led by the Peter Parker of Earth-616 – who Octavius presumes is a past Peter as he cannot contemplate the possibility that he will fail- he is forced to concede to Peter's leadership when Peter defeats him in a fight, Peter stating that killing Morlun and the Inheritors is not the answer as they will just come back and they need a new plan.^[100] Although he realizes that Peter comes from his future when Peter recognizes Anna Maria's name, Otto is forced to acknowledge his own failures when he learns that another Earth where Ben Parker was the Spider-Totem was reduced to a nuclear wasteland due to the actions of his own local counterpart.^[101]

To stop the Inheritors from traveling around the multiverse, hunting all animal totems as fast as possible, Octavius identified the Master Weaver as the source of their abilities to traverse the multiverse, and killed him. However, Morlun feared the consequences of this action,^[102] resulting in Karn, the surviving defected Inheritor, taking the Weaver's place (although it was noted that the Weaver was actually Karn's future self, creating a complex temporal paradox). Having learned that he was 'destined' to be replaced by Peter Parker, Octavius attempted to attack the multiversal web to 'save' himself from his destiny, claiming that he was giving the spiders the 'gift' of free will, but the Earth-616 spiders were able to defeat him as their surviving allies returned to their home dimensions. Before he departed, Octavius issued a time-delayed message to the Anna Maria program, intended to activate 100 days after he returned to his home time, but upon his return to his time, his memory of his time with the Spider-Army is erased, allowing history to unfold as it should.^[103]

All-New, All-Different Marvel

As part of the All-New, All-Different Marvel event, a copy of the consciousness of Doctor Octopus is shown to be in Living Brain where he is still in love with Anna Maria Maraconi.^[104] Following the events of Spider-Verse, Otto Octavius had backed up his consciousness in one of his gauntlets (Superior's web shooters) that slept for 100 days using the technology he acquired from 2099.^[105][106] The gauntlet housed a copy of Otto's consciousness up to the point of Spider-Verse (without the memories of learning about power and responsibility for his act of self-sacrifice in Goblin Nation, as this copy would remain asleep during this time). After transforming the gauntlet into a version of an octobot, he backed himself up in the Living Brain while waiting for the next opportunity to take over Parker's body again, planning to act at a time when Parker's spider-sense would be taxed so that he would miss the relevant signals.^[107]

At the time when Living Brain was at Parker Industries' London branch, Doctor Octopus' consciousness expresses anger over being forced to act like their lackey. After Sajani Jaffrey is fired by Peter Parker for conspiring against him, Doctor Octopus' consciousness smirks as Anna is made the head of Parker Industries' London branch.^[108]

Dead No More: The Clone Conspiracy

During the The Clone Conspiracy storyline, Peter decides to have Parker Industries get familiar with New U Enterprises' "New U" system which is a program where replacement organs are cloned for those suffering from serious injuries. Upon hearing about it from within Living Brain, Doctor Octopus' consciousness expresses an interest in the procedure.^[109] When Peter Parker scanned Living Brain to find out why it was acting unusually, Doctor Octopus' consciousness asked why it was erased. Realizing the truth, Peter Parker shut down Living Brain only for Doctor Octopus' consciousness to reactivate Living Brain and cause it to self-destruct while escaping in the Octobot. Arriving at New U Enterprises, the Doctor Octopus-possessed Octobot plans to get his biological body back, convinced that the consciousness in Parker's body was 'infected' by its time in Spider-Man to believe that Peter was superior rather than himself.^[107] Upon heading to Potter's Field, the Doctor Octopus-possessed Octobot finds that Doctor Octopus' body was grave robbed alongside Alistair Smythe and other villains. It traces the grave robbery to New U Technologies. Finding Doctor Octopus' body, the Doctor Octopus-possessed Octobot allowed it to be cloned and perfected. After eliminating the copy of Peter Parker's consciousness, Doctor Octopus gains control of the clone body and emerges from the vat where he resembles his earlier appearance. Jackal was present where he presents him with his tentacle pack. Now an ally of Jackal, Doctor Octopus receives the special New U Pills to prevent his body from suffering clone degeneration.^[110]

When Spider-Man later infiltrates New U Technologies after witnessing video footage of one of its subjects suffering from cellular degeneration, he evades the initial security force including Rhino and the female Electro. When he discovers what appears to be Gwen Stacy, he is distracted long enough to be caught off-guard by the reborn Octavius, once again in his own body with new tentacles.^[111] With Spider-Man trapped in his tentacles, Doctor Octopus tells him that he is not a clone or a hologram, but the real Otto Octavius.^[110]

After Silk escapes from New U Technologies, Doctor Octopus attacks Spectro who was unable to phase through the walls with the test subject. Doctor Octopus and Spectro fight until Electro arrives and knocks out Spectro. Doctor Octopus later experiments with Spectro and plans to put him into a cloned body.^[112]

While studying the clones of Kaine and Electro in order to perfect the Proto Clone, Anna Maria was brought to Otto and she becomes uncomfortable when Doctor Octopus starts appealing towards his love interest. When Jackal enters the laboratory, Anna Maria reveals she knows how to stop the decaying process on the clones and Jackal offers her the "Proto Clone" body in exchange for the formula. Octavius takes offense to Jackal's comments on Maria's dwarfism and attacks his boss. Then he pulls a switch which activates the Carrion Virus in all of the clones and causes them to start rapidly decaying.^[113]

Doctor Octopus fights Jackal to allow Peter and Anna Maria the time to transmit the frequency, Spider-Man correctly anticipating that Octavius would act to protect Anna regardless of their own history. The frequency has a huge effect on Doctor Octopus and Jackal. Upon checking New U Technologies' Haven following the broadcast, Spider-Man and Anna Maria Maraconi find that Ben Reilly, Doctor Octopus, and Gwen Stacy have been seemingly reduced to dust.^[114] It was later revealed that Doctor Octopus rendered Ben Reilly unconscious and escaped by transmitting his mind into the Proto Clone (a perfect clone of Peter Parker) before Ben Reilly could.^[115]

Superior Octopus

With his new body, Otto Octavius returns to one of his old bases only to find it is being occupied by Hydra. He defeats the Hydra soldiers, but is then recruited into Hydra by Arnim Zola. Zola grants him the leadership of some Hydra soldiers to work for him in arranging the destruction of Parker Industries. With Hydra's help, he creates a new uniform for himself, being the Superior Octopus, intending to wait for Peter's actions to trigger the collapse of Parker Industries so that he can retake his position and prove himself superior once again.^[116]

During the 2017 "Secret Empire" storyline, Superior Octopus appears as a leader of Hydra's Avengers.^[117] Outside of his work with Hydra's Avengers, Superior Octopus approached Spider-Man where he wants him to transfer ownership of Parker Industries back to him. When Peter Parker declined this offer, Superior Octopus had the Hydra Agents in Parker Industries' London branch blow up the building.^[118] As Peter flees to the Shanghai branch of Parker Industries, Octavius attempts to implement various security protocols he had added to all Parker Industries tech that allows him to retake control of anything developed by the company,^[119] but Peter turns the tables on Octavius by ordering his employees to literally destroy the company in order to hurt Hydra, thwarting Octavius' attempt to shut down his new high-tech suit with an EMP by reverting to his traditional costume and turning the EMP trick against Octavius so that his own tentacles attack him. Octavius is forced to flee the battle.^[120]

During the Go Down Swinging arc where Red Goblin (Norman Osborn who has powered himself up with the Carnage symbiote) attacks Spider-Man and all his friends and family, Superior Octopus and J. Jonah Jameson help defend Aunt May as Superior Octopus still retains some of Peter's memories and sense of responsibility. This concludes with Peter forgiving Superior Octopus and giving him a "clean slate". In the aftermath of Norman's defeat, Superior Octopus reveals his new identity as Dr. Elliot Tolliver, a person who has just started working at Horizon University. He was seen applying for a job under Max Modell as Anna Maria starts acting suspicious towards Dr. Elliot Tolliver.^[121]

Spider-Geddon

During the "Spider-Geddon" storyline, Superior Octopus is seen fighting the Night Shift. Superior Octopus agrees to spare them more pain in exchange that the Night Shift becomes his agents where he will compensate them from his own funds. They agree to the terms and are ordered to return the stolen items. Superior Octopus leaves advising them never to cross him or they won't live long enough to regret it. After a day at Horizon University and saving some people on the Bay Bridge, Superior Octopus fights Arnim Zola, a bio-duplicate of Gorgon, and some Hydra Agents who seek to repossess his services to rebuild Hydra. Superior Octopus states that he is done with his end of the bargain and attacks them. When the Gorgon bio-duplicate turns Superior Octopus to stone and shatters him, another Superior Octopus body emerges where it destroys the Gorgon bio-duplicate and defeats Arnim Zola while informing him to spread the word to Hydra to never come for him again. Superior Octopus' inner monologue states that he had perfected the Miles Warren's cloning technology where each clone had to be made from the deceased in order to maintain their memories as a way to conquer death.^[122] However, after Octavius forces Nefaria into retreating from Los Angeles, he is confronted in his cloning workshop by the Spider-Army, which reveals that his cloning process has been 'hacked' by the Inheritors, who fed his computers hours-old data until they were ready to manifest, with these new Inheritors swiftly killing Noir and Spider-UK. Octavius then quotes "What have I done..."^[123] After initiating his base's self-destruct sequence to slow down the Inheritors, Superior Octopus states that they still should have killed the Inheritors while they had the chance. Upon heading to his lab at Horizon High to change into his Superior Spider-Man appearance, he goes to recruit Kaine and states that they should leave Ben Reilly out of the fight since Jennix is targeting the cloning technology from the defunct New U Technologies. As Superior Spider-Man and Kaine enter the portal, they are unaware that Ben Reilly has followed them.^[124] Superior Spider-Man heads to Earth-1040 to recruit that world's Spider-Man where he helps to defeat Tarantula and learned about his counterpart.^[125]

Superior Spider-Man Vol. 2

After the events of "Spider-Geddon", Otto resumes his career as the Superior Spider-Man once again, protecting San Francisco with the hired assistance of the Night Shift. His identity as Dr. Elliot Toliver is uncovered by Anna Maria, who confronts him with the rebuilt Living Brain, but the appearance of Terrax the Tamer gives Otto a chance to temporarily evade this. Despite lacking the weaponry, technology and the Night Shift's assistance (who ran away in fear after one of their undead members is cut in half) to take on Terrax, Otto refuses to back down despite being heavily injured during the fight against him. With help from Anna Maria and the Night Shift, Otto is able to use a device to siphon a fraction of Terrax's Power Cosmic and transfer it to himself, giving Otto cosmic powers. Despite this upgrade, Otto is still unable to defeat Terrax until he is able to change the frequency of the latter's axe and trick him into taking it back, causing a feedback which shocks Terrax unconscious. With the fight over, Otto returns the Power Cosmic back to the machine and passes out. When he awakens, he is being treated by Anna Maria, who decides that she will help Otto be a real hero but if he ever returns back to his Doctor Octopus persona, she'll have him arrested or worse. Otto agrees to this, believing she'd make the perfect partner for him.^[126]

Powers and abilities

Otto Octavius is a genius in the field of atomic physics, and he holds a Ph. D. in nuclear science. A brilliant engineer and inventor, he is also a superb strategist and a charismatic leader. His genius in radiation is so exceptional that he was once called upon by Mister Fantastic of the Fantastic Four to offer his expertise when the Invisible Woman suffered from complications during her second pregnancy as a result of the cosmic radiation that had given the team their powers.^[34]

Due to exposure to atomic radiation, Doctor Octopus has acquired the mental ability of psychokinetic control over the four electrically powered, telescoping, prehensile, titanium-steel artificial tentacle "arms" (a degree of psychokinetic control over them that he can also exercise over vast distances even when they are not connected to him) that are attached to a stainless-steel harness encompassing his lower torso. Each of these four arms is capable of lifting several tons, provided that at least one arm is used to support his body. The reaction time and agility of his mechanical appendages are enhanced far beyond the range attainable for normal human musculature. The arms allow Octavius to move rapidly over any terrain and to scale vertical surfaces and ceilings. He has developed his concentration and control to the point that he can engage a single opponent, like Spider-Man, or multiple opponents with the arms while performing a completely separate, more delicate task, such as stirring coffee or constructing a machine. Due to his weight and age, his opponents are often lured into a false sense of security, only to find he is a formidable combatant. He has managed to force opponents as formidable as Spider-Man, Daredevil, and Captain America to take up a defensive position in a fight.^[127]

Doctor Octopus has also employed an armored body suit enabling him to breathe underwater and designed to withstand extreme water pressure.{{issue|date=November 2010}}

Doctor Octopus has begun wearing a full-body armor suit due to a crippling illness caused by the amount of punishment he has sustained over the years, made even worse by the fact that his ability to take damage is still at a human norm, even if he can deliver a superhuman level of punishment; he relies completely on his arms to prevent opponents with superhuman strength getting in close enough to damage his relatively unfit physical form even before his illness. To compensate, he has covered his entire body with his new suit, his normal arms are bound to his chest, and four additional tentacles have been added to his harness. He has also developed psychokinetic-telepathic control over an army of "Octobots" (small octopus-like drones).^[51]

Harnesses

Doctor Octopus has possessed a total of three different harnesses during his career: the original titanium harness, a more powerful adamantium harness, and a carbonanium harness with tentacles bearing an octopus-like motif. The original and adamantium harnesses were both destroyed in the Lethal Foes of Spider-Man miniseries.

His current harness is made of a titanium-steel-niobium alloy mixture that is dense but light weight in composition. While wearing the harness, the arms are powerful enough to allow him to walk up sheer concrete walls and move about quickly. They are also used to grab items, both small and large, and as literal weapons in terms of being swung at objects and people like clubs. The pincers at the end of each tentacle can also be used to cut and tear into the flesh of his enemies. His sheer power using these appendages was great enough to beat Daredevil, a seasoned combatant with superhuman senses, almost to death.^[128]

The adamantium harness was powerful enough to both restrain and pummel the Hulk into submission during a series written by Erik Larsen. The adamantium in his tentacles made besting Iron Man in combat possible, tearing the hero's armor apart with a defeat so harsh that Tony Stark began to doubt his abilities almost enough to allow his persistent problem with alcohol abuse to flare up.^[129] The harness is also capable of holding a small jetpack allowing him to fly to places faster and able to evade Spider-Man more easily. Doctor Octopus is even capable of whirling his tentacles around to deflect small projectiles like bullets.

Powers as Spider-Man

Having taken over Spider-Man's body,^[70] Otto Octavius gains possession of all of Spider-Man's powers, abilities, memories, and equipment,^[72] although he loses access to Spider-Man's memories after apparently removing his foe from their shared mind.^[83] As a way to reaffirm his perceived superior mind, he tinkered with the original Spider-Man costume, adding some carbonadium plating over his neck and skull,^[72] talons on his hands and feet, split-toed footwear fashioned as jika-tabi shoes, a slightly different, more imposing spider-motif on his back and enhanced lenses in his costume, with HUD and tracking abilities.^[130]

He also retains access to some of his former Doctor Octopus hideouts, coupling Horizon Tech-derived inventions with his own peculiar brand of technology.^[130]

Octobots

The Octobots are octopus-themed robots that are created by Doctor Octopus. There are two different kinds of Octobots:

• The first model of the Octobot seen is a little metal ball with eight legs which are controlled mentally by Doctor Octopus via a remote control. These Octobots can also be used to attack, to perform different tasks, and attach themselves to anyone so that Doctor Octopus can control them.
• The second model of the Octobot seen is a giant metallic robot which Doctor Octopus uses to attack huge constructions.

The Octobots have at least two known variations:

• The Spider-Slayers – These Spider-Slayers that appeared in Spider-Island are actually first generation Octobots that Spider-Man had laden with a special serum which was used to cure the Spider-Virus that slowly turned everyone into Man-Spiders.
• The Spider-Bots – The Spider-Bots are small red and blue spiders. While inside Spider-Man's body, he controlled them by remote and able to enact constant surveillance over the whole New York city, perform different tasks and control technology.

Powers as Superior Octopus

In his Superior Octopus body, Otto Octavius retains access to Peter Parker's powers while also having a new set of his original tentacles designed to work with this body.^[116]

Other versions

Age of Ultron

In the Age of Ultron reality of Earth-61112 where the evil AI robot Ultron returned to Earth and annihilated humanity and a majority of the world's superheroes, it was revealed that sometime prior to Ultron's conquest, the events of Dying Wish had still occurred, as Peter Parker is revealed to be Otto Octavius.{{issue|date=August 2015}}

House of M

In the House of M reality created by the Scarlet Witch, Otto Octavius makes an appearance as a researcher for the government where he is seen studying stem cells.{{issue|date=December 2012}}

Marvel 1602

In the Marvel 1602 universe, a version of Dr. Octopus appears in the Spider-Man 1602 miniseries.^[131] Baron Victor Octavius is an Italian nobleman living in France. His attempts to use the blood of octopuses to cure himself of bubonic plague have resulted in his becoming a deformed octopus-like monster,{{issue|date=December 2012}} he is also associated with fellow Dr. Curtis Connors, transforming him into The Lizard.{{issue|date=December 2012}} A potion derived from the blood of Hal McCoy by the natural philosopher Henri Le Pym keeps him human, but is growing steadily less effective.{{issue|date=December 2012}} He believes that the blood of Peter Parquagh might be the basis of a more effective potion.{{issue|date=December 2012}} He is later killed by a transformed Le Pym's giant foot.^[132]

Marvel Zombies

On Earth-2149 (a world in which almost all heroes and villains are zombies) an undead Doctor Octopus first appears in the Marvel Zombies series alongside several other zombie supervillains attempting to kill and devour the invading Galactus; this incarnation of Doctor Octopus is apparently destroyed piecemeal by several cosmically powered hero zombies after he got in the way of an attack they were aiming at the invading Galactus.^[133]

In the prequel series to Marvel Zombies, Marvel Zombies vs. The Army of Darkness and Marvel Zombies: Dead Days, the zombie Doctor Octopus makes only a few cameo appearances, as a member of the undead Sinister Six. Another alternate version appears in Marvel Zombies Return as a member of the Sinister Six. He was ripped in half and infected by the reality-hopping Zombie Spider-Man. The Doctor's body is then destroyed and devoured by a zombified Spider-Man and then was spit out (because zombie meat tasted terrible to other zombies) after he and the rest of the Sinister Six has devoured Peter's friends.^[134]

MC2

In the MC2 alternate continuity, Doctor Octopus attacked the Daily Bugle shortly after the disappearance/retirement of Spider-Man, killing editor-in-chief Joseph "Robbie" Robertson. This motivates Bugle publisher J. Jonah Jameson to initiate "Project: Human Fly", an attempt to create a government controlled superhero. Mercenaries (later revealed to be in the employ of Doctor Octopus) attempt to steal the Human Fly suit, but are thwarted when Jameson's grandson takes the suit (the controls of which bond to the first user) and becomes the superhero The Buzz. The Buzz and Spider-Girl eventually apprehend Doctor Octopus, who—now being struck with cancer—falls into a coma from which he is not expected to recover.{{issue|date=December 2012}} Later, the mantle of Doctor Octopus is taken up by Lady Octopus.{{issue|date=December 2012}}

Marvel Noir

In the Spider-Man Noir series as part of the Marvel Noir universe, his name first appears in the Daily Bugle newspaper as one of the biologists undertaking an oceanic voyage on a research ship named "The Atlantis'.^[135] He appears in person in issue one of the sequel series, "Eyes Without a Face". Here, he is a doctor working in a facility on Ellis Island. His legs are crippled and withered, and he travels in a wheelchair with six long metal claw-like tentacles sticking out. He is officially conducting experiments on primates, to study their brains in connection with evolution, and in the end, it is shown he is secretly taking in kidnapped African-Americans for his own more secret experiments. He is later revealed to in fact be working with the Nazis and their American proxies, "Friends of New Germany", with the plot of making all minorities into mindless slaves. However, his experiments are uncovered by Spider-Man, and although he is allowed to leave the country due to his past service to America, he is subsequently rejected by the Nazis as they believe his crippled body reflects a crippled mind that could produce nothing of value for them.^[136]

Spider-Gwen

In the Spider-Gwen reality of Earth-65, Doctor Octopus is the head scientist of S.I.L.K. He engages the 616 version of his boss Cindy Moon with an experimental octopus that attaches to him.^[137]

Spider-Man: Chapter One

Otto Octavius appears in the Chapter One reimagining of Spider-Man's origin. This version of the character was transformed into Doctor Octopus in the same accident that caused a spider to become radioactive, leading to Peter Parker's transformation into Spider-Man.^[138]

Spider-Man: India

In India, Dr. Octopus is featured as a minion/meek doctor who is transformed by Nalin Oberoi into a mystical version of Doctor Octopus to find and kill Pavitr Prabhaker, the Indian version of Spider-Man.^[139] He is later killed by Oberoi, while trying to help Spider-Man rescue MJ and Aunt Maya from Oberoi.^[140]

Spider-Man: Reign

In Reign, as conceived by Kaare Andrews, in which many superheroes had grown old and retired, Octavius appeared to save Spider-Man from death at the hands of an older version of the Sinister Six.{{issue|date=December 2012}} While he originally appeared to merely be world-weary, relying on his 'four sons' (his tentacles) to keep him alive, he revealed via monologue that he had in fact been dead for months, and had left the tentacles a program that would force them into action to find Spider-Man.{{issue|date=December 2012}} Furthermore, the tentacles were used to play the tape on which his monologue is recorded, and take him to the graveyard where his loved ones lay.{{issue|date=December 2012}} The hope is to use Spider-Man to reignite the age of the super powered beings, as both Doctor Octopus and Spider-Man were born from nuclear accidents.^[141]

Secret Wars

During the Secret Wars storyline, there had been different versions of Doctor Octopus in different Battleworld domains.

• In the Battleworld Domain of the Regency as seen in Renew Your Vows, Doctor Octopus is a member of Regent's Sinister Six where they are tasked to hunt down Spider-Man.^[142] He catches Spider-Man at Tinkerer's shop when the Sinister Six was tipped off by Tinkerer. Doctor Octopus is killed by Spider-Man before the rest of the Sinister Six could arrive.^[143]
• In the Battleworld domain of the Valley of Doom, Otto Octavius has metal arms that wield revolvers under his coat. He is depicted as a minion of Governor Roxxon alongside Bullseye, Elektra, and Grizzly where they are first seen intimidating Judge Franklin Nelson into leaving town so that he wouldn't preside over Red Wolf's trial. The four villains fight Sheriff Steve Rogers and Red Wolf on Mayor Wilson Fisk's behalf which ended with Otto Octavius getting killed in battle against Sheriff Rogers.^[144]
• In the Battleworld domain of Marville, Doctor Octopus appears as a member of the Brotherhood of Mutants.^[145]
• In the Battleworld domain of Killville, Doctor Octopus had stolen as CPU unit from a defeated Nimrod Sentinel. Although MODOK saved Doctor Octopus from Bullseye, MODOK killed Doctor Octopus and claimed the CPU unit for himself.^[146]
• In a world where the superhero Civil War never ended and was recreated into the Battleworld domain of the Warzone, Doctor Octopus was killed by the Kingpin, who grafted Doctor Octopus's tentacles onto himself. The tentacles rendered Fisk virtually brain-dead due to their 'affection' for Octavius.^[147]

Spider-Verse

• A version of Doctor Octopus is a member of the Six Men of Sinestry of the dimension Earth-803, set in Industrial Age New York. Their objective was to steal the mayor's plan, but although they succeeded in the theft, they were forced to retreat after a battle with Lady Spider.^[148] In a later confrontation with Lady Spider and Spider-Man 2099, Miguel manages to examine Octopus's equipment and notes that it is powered by a radioactive material with improper shielding, musing that he would be dead of cancer within a year if he kept using the tentacles.^[149]
• In a world where Ben Parker was the Spider-Totem, Doctor Octopus attempted to blackmail the world with a stolen nuclear device. Even though the demands were met, something went wrong where most of Earth was reduced to a nuclear wasteland with Ben Parker only surviving because he was hidden in Ezekial's bunker after the deaths of his family at the hands of Emerald Elf drove him to retire.^[101]
• In Earth 94, a reality where Ben Reilly was never killed and continued to be Spider-Man, Doctor Octopus was unable to transfer his mind into Spider-Man and died.^[150]
• After various assorted Electros expand out to become a multiverse-conquering army, the lead Electro – a Max Dillon who used his powers to become a major world leader- gathers a variety of alternate Doctor Octopuses to become their 'think tank.{{issue|date=August 2016}} When Gwen Stacy and Uncle Ben attempted to free the Octaviuses from the Electros' control, the various villains attacked them, but they found an ally in the form of Octavia Otto, a teenage female Doctor Octopus who was a member of the Young Avengers in her universe, allowing them to devise a means of adapting the Octaviuses' mind-switching technology to disrupt the neural pattern of the leader of the Electro army, who had converted himself into a purely electricity-based life form.{{issue|date=August 2016}} Octavia meets with the Superior Octopus when she joins the Spider-Army to warn him about the Inheritors' hi-jacking his cloning technology to escape their prison.

Superman vs. the Amazing Spider-Man

In the 1976 DC/Marvel intercompany crossover Superman vs. the Amazing Spider-Man, Doctor Octopus forms an alliance with fellow criminal scientist Lex Luthor, in an effort to conquer the world and kill their archenemies—Spider-Man and Superman. However once he realizes that Luthor intends to destroy most of the planet Earth, Octopus betrays Luthor and attempts to stop him, but is defeated (Spider-Man subsequently defeats Luthor, and Superman prevents the East Coast of the United States from being destroyed by a Luthor-created tidal wave).^[151]

Ultimate Marvel

The Ultimate Marvel version of Doctor Octopus is younger, more muscular, and wears sunglasses to disguise scars from the accident that fused him to his metal arms. His arms are made of nanobots, and thus can transform into different tools. He initially claims to have a psychic link with his metal arms, demonstrated by controlling them remotely.^[152] He later reveals he can manipulate all metal.^[153]

Dr. Otto Octavius is introduced as a scientist at OsCorp and secretly a corporate spy for Justin Hammer, Norman Osborn's business rival. He is caught in a lab accident that also turns Norman into the Green Goblin. After this accident, his traditional metal arms are grafted onto his body and he is able to communicate with these mechanical arms via telepathy. He modifies his arms to have the power to morph into different shapes, and then seeks revenge against Hammer, but Spider-Man intervenes. Although Octavius is defeated by Spider-Man, Justin perishes due to a heart attack caused by Octavius attacking him. Afterwards, Octavius is brought into S.H.I.E.L.D. custody where he, along with Osborn, form the Ultimate Six, consisting of some of Spider-Man's rogues gallery. There are only five villains to begin with, but Osborn planned to bring Spider-Man into the group. The five attack S.H.I.E.L.D. and capture an unmasked Spider-Man. They tie him to a chair, and Osborn humiliates Peter by recounting the accident that created him, and he and Otto's involvements. Osborn then blackmails Peter Parker into joining them, threatening Mary Jane Watson's life. In a battle between the Six and the Ultimates on the White House lawn, Octopus is taken down by the Wasp. Octavius is separated from his tentacles and held in a different prison far away from them. Octavius later finds out that his ex-wife is giving the rights to use his likeness in the Spider-Man film. Outraged, he summons his tentacles from the S.H.I.E.L.D. facility and goes on a rampage. He manages to capture Spider-Man, and he brings him aboard an airplane, ties him to a chair, and unmasks him. From there, he inflicts humiliation and torture on to Peter, mocking him as a teenager, pulling a tooth out, and webbing his mouth. Peter escaped, and defeats Octavius. Back in S.H.I.E.L.D. custody, Nick Fury melts Doctor Octopus' mechanical arms in front of him and instructs the guards to watch the melting mechanism for at least an hour afterwards to make sure the arms would not try to escape. However, in the Ultimate Hobgoblin story arc, it was revealed that a spare set of arms existed within a bunker belonging to Osborn. Plans for these remain to be seen.

In the "Ultimate Clone Saga", Otto Octavius was revealed to be responsible for all the Spider-Man clones, including an older clone believing itself to be Richard Parker, and a Gwen Stacy clone that can transform into the Carnage creature. His experimentation and research was done for the FBI/CIA (both organizations are said to be behind it in different issues) in order to find a way to create super soldiers so the U.S. Government wouldn't have to be reliant on Fury's monopoly on the Ultimates.{{issue|date=June 2013}} He smugly reveals he is now outside Fury's jurisdiction and takes pleasure in pointing out to Peter that his work perverts the hero's life. In issue #104, he creates a new set of arms out of metal scraps and battles both Spider-Man and Spider-Woman, killing two other clones in the process, before being knocked out.^[153]

Octavius makes a brief appearance in Ultimate Spider-Man #113 confronting Norman Osborn as the latter breaks out of the Triskelion; he attacks his former boss to prevent his escape, informing him that he betrayed him by giving the OZ formula to the FBI. Octavius is beating Osborn senseless until his other former ally Electro intervenes and shocks Octavius with a bolt of electricity, knocking him out.

During the Ultimate Mystery, Doctor Octopus appears as a member of Roxxon's Brain Trust.^[154]

Alongside the rest of the Ultimate Six, Otto Octavius plays a role in the "Death of Spider-Man" storyline. Norman Osborn breaks him and the rest out of the Triskelion. After their escape, Osborn informs them that God wishes for them to kill Peter Parker.^[155] Octavius wanted to leave the group, because he wanted to live a normal life as a scientist and also said that he took enough pride in helping create Spider-Man. Osborn was outraged by the fact that Octavius tried to share credit for Spider-Man's existence and attacked him. The two of them fought which ended with Osborn pummeling Octavius to death.^[156]

In other media

Television

• Doctor Octopus appeared in the 1960s Spider-Man TV series, voiced by Vernon Chapman.^[157]
• Doctor Octopus appeared in the 1980s Spider-Man TV series episode "Bubble, Bubble, Oil and Trouble", voiced by Stanley Jones.^[157]
• Doctor Octopus appeared in the 1982 The Incredible Hulk TV series episode "Tomb of the Unknown Hulk", voiced by Michael Bell.^[157]
• Michael Bell reprised the role in the Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends episode "Spidey Meets the Girl of Tomorrow".^[157]

• Doctor Octopus made several appearances in the 1990s Spider-Man TV series, voiced by Efrem Zimbalist Jr. with a thick Germanic accent and a gruff voice.^[157] First appearing in the episode "Doctor Octopus Armed and Dangerous", Otto Octavius was Peter Parker's science teacher at science camp when the youth was 10 years old.
• Doctor Octopus appears in The Spectacular Spider-Man, voiced by Peter MacNicol.^[157] This version is a timid scientist and inventor at Oscorp who had a hand in turning Flint Marko into Sandman and Alex O'Hirn into Rhino. A lab accident caused by Green Goblin out of revenge ends up fusing his four mechanical tentacles to his body and drives him to become a criminal, getting into conflict with Spider-Man. He later forms the Sinister Six to eliminate Spider-Man, then later takes on the alias of Master Planner.
• Doctor Octopus appears in the Robot Chicken episode "Tapping a Hero", voiced by Seth Green.^[157]
• Doctor Octopus appears as one of the recurring villains of the Ultimate Spider-Man cartoon series, voiced by Tom Kenny.^[158] This version of the character was firstly a scientist working at Oscorp, but due to a lab accident, he was left physically paralyzed and entirely dependent of four mechanical tentacles built by Norman Osborn. He is responsible for creating the Venom Symbiote using a sample of Spider-Man's blood. Originally from the first to the first portion of the fourth season, he was shown to have long hair, a disfigured appearance, and wearing a special life support apparatus (eventually becoming a full-body shell in the fourth season when he worked for HYDRA). In the fourth season's second half, he ended up undergoing a transformation that gave him a more healthier looking-self man, similar to his 90's animated series and Ultimate Marvel incarnation.
• Doctor Octopus appears in Hulk and the Agents of S.M.A.S.H., voiced again by Tom Kenny.^[157] In the episode "The Venom Inside", Doctor Octopus creates a Venom symbiote that feeds on Gamma energy. The Gamma Venom is destroyed by the Agents of S.M.A.S.H. and Spider-Man. The Agents of S.M.A.S.H. and Spider-Man then confront and apprehend Doctor Octopus.
• Doctor Octopus appears in the Maximum Overload mini-series, voiced once more by Tom Kenny.^[157]
• Doctor Octopus appears in the anime series The Avengers, voiced by Dai Matsumoto.^[157]
• Doctor Octopus appears in Marvel's Spider-Man, voiced by Scott Menville.^[159] First appearing in "Horizon High" Pt. 2, Dr. Otto Octavius is an arrogant but highly brilliant 19-year-old prodigy who is a professor at Horizon High. In the episode "Stark Expo", Otto Octavius shows off his tentacle harness at the Stark Expo which gets taken over by Ghost. Following Ghost's defeat, Max Modell has Otto Octavius discontinue the experiment with the harness as he was pitching the cerebral cortex to serve as an alternative power source. Afterwards, he is approached by Norman Osborn who gives him his card and an offer to have his project funded by Oscorp whenever he's ready. Eventually, in "The Rise of Doc Ock" four-parter, Otto is revealed to have been developing a nuclear reactor of sorts under Horizon High, attracting the attention of the female Crimson Dynamo. While Spider-Man and Otto are able to drive the Dynamo off, she had caused the reactor to go into meltdown; while Spider-Man attempted to shut it down, Otto wouldn't have his work interfered with, and attempted to shut it down himself, resulting in his robotic arms being fused to his back. While initially downtrodden at his situation, Peter comforts him and Otto is convinced to team up with Spider-Man as "the Octopus". After several confrontations with the Lizard resulting in disasters, Otto is convinced to join Osborn Academy. Though he was annoyed that Norman Osborn started the Octobot projects without his approval, Otto later assisted in the fight against Rhino, who was used by Jackal to turn the students and one security guard into Rhinos. Upon Jackal's hideout being found by Peter Parker, Gwen Stacy, and Harry Osborn, Norman arrived with the Oscorp Commandos consisting of Otto Octavius, Vulture, Rhino, Alistair Smythe, and Oliver Osnick. When Jackal arrived, Otto defected to his side while embracing the moniker of "Doctor Octopus", and also revealed that he mind-controlled the other Oscorp Commandos and rebranded the group into the Sinister Five. In the episode "Hobgoblin Part 1," he and the Sinister Five attack Max Modell since he blames him for all his problems and attempts to take over New York City. Despite brainwashing Spider-Man into becoming part of the Sinister Six, Doctor Octopus is thwarted by the Hobgoblin who frees Spider-Man. It was confirmed that Otto's Superior Spider-Man persona will appear in season 2.^[160] Otto seemingly reforms from his crimes at first, but it later turns out to be a ruse. Following a fight with Spider-Man, his mind is later trapped inside of the Living Brain while his body is comatose. He later successfully switches brains with Spider-Man and takes over Peter's body, becoming the Superior Spider-Man, while Peter's mind is left inside the Living Brain.

Film

• Alfred Molina portrayed Otto Octavius / Doctor Octopus in the 2004 feature film Spider-Man 2. This version is depicted as a sympathetic, misguided character and husband to Rosie Octavius (portrayed by Donna Murphy). He first meets Peter Parker when Harry Osborn introduces the two so that Peter can interview Octavius for a paper he is writing. Octavius uses the arm harness to conduct an Oscorp-funded fusion experiment using tritium that becomes impossible to control, resulting in Rosie's death and the fusion of the harness to Octavius's body. This destroys the inhibitor chip that keeps the arms' artificial intelligence in check. After massacring the surgeons trying to save him, the arms' AI then convinces Octavius to steal the funds needed to attempt the experiment again. He comes into conflict with Spider-Man when he robs a bank, and takes Aunt May hostage. Though Spider-Man saves May, Octavius escapes. He eventually makes a deal with Osborn to bring him Spider-Man in exchange for more tritium. To lure Spider-Man out into the open, Octavius kidnaps Mary Jane Watson and battles Spider-Man atop an elevated train, which he sends careening out of control. Octavius then takes Spider-Man captive after he saps his strength stopping the train. Octavius keeps Watson as a hostage in an abandoned pier warehouse where he begins another attempt at the experiment, unaware, or not caring that it will destroy half of the city. When Spider-Man arrives, they battle again, resulting in the arms being damaged. After Spider-Man willingly reveals his identity as Peter Parker, he reminds Octavius of the latter's own words on how intelligence should be used for the good of mankind, causing Otto's original personality to overpower the A.I. of the arms. He ultimately sacrifices himself to drown the fusion reactor by pulling it with him into the East River.
• Kathryn Hahn voices a female version of Doctor Octopus in the 2018 animated feature film Into the Spider-Verse:^[161] scientist Olivia "Liv" Octavius, head of Alchemax and Kingpin's enforcer. She sports a hippie-esque style, while her tentacles are air-filled, completely-jointless soft robots. She attacks Spider-Man and Miles Morales at and around Alchemax before they are saved by Spider-Gwen. Doctor Octopus later accompanies Prowler, Scorpion, and Tombstone to Aunt May's house to target the spider-powered characters. Doctor Octopus participates in the final battle and engages in a battle with Miles, Peter and Gwen only to be unexpectedly hit by a passing truck. Additionally, the Doctor Octopus of Spider-Gwen's universe can be briefly seen when she explains how she was transported to Miles' universe. Also, in the older Peter Parker's introduction, his dimension's Doc Ock is also briefly seen in a montage.

Video games

Doctor Octopus appears in many Spider-Man computer games and video games:

• Doctor Octopus appeared in the Spider-Man Questprobe game.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}
• Doctor Octopus was one of many Spider-Man villains to appear in the arcade game The Video Game.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}
• Doctor Octopus was one of the bosses in The Amazing Spider-Man for the Game Boy.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}
• Doctor Octopus was the final boss in Return of the Sinister Six.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}
• Doctor Octopus was the first boss in The Amazing Spider-Man vs. The Kingpin.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}
• Doctor Octopus was the first boss in both the Super NES and Genesis Spider-Man Animated Series games based on the animated series.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}
• Doctor Octopus appeared as a boss in the Japan-exclusive Super Famicom video game Lethal Foes.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}
• Efrem Zimbalist, Jr. reprised his role of Doctor Octopus in the Spider-Man video game for the PlayStation, Dreamcast, PC, Nintendo 64 and Game Boy Color.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}} Doctor Octopus works with Carnage to turn everyone in New York into symbiotes but they are both defeated by Spider-Man. After being defeated, the Carnage symbiote bonds with Doctor Octopus, turning into Monster Ock (voiced by Marcus Shirock).^[157] After Monster Ock is defeated, the symbiote separates from Doctor Octopus and he is arrested. Doctor Octopus bangs his head on the cell while the other villains play a card game.
• Doctor Octopus appeared as the final boss in the Game Boy Color game The Sinister Six.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}}
• Doctor Octopus is seen at the end of Enter Electro still in his cell.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}} In addition, the Daily Bugle had printed out a story giving Captain America the credit of stopping "Doctor Octopus and Spider-Man's plot."
• Doctor Octopus appeared in the Spider-Man 2 game, voiced by Alfred Molina.^[157] He appears as a boss character several times in the game and is the final boss at the end of the game.
• Doctor Octopus is a playable character and a boss in Friend or Foe, voiced by Joe Alaskey.^[157] Spider-Man encounters him in Japan working on another tritanium project under the control of the P.H.A.N.T.O.M.s until he is defeated by Spider-Man and freed from his control.
• Doctor Octopus appears as a villain in two missions in the MMORPG Marvel Super Hero Squad Online, voiced initially by Charlie Adler,^[162] with Tom Kenny replacing during the game's later tenure.^[157]
• Doctor Octopus is available as downloadable content for the game LittleBigPlanet as part of "Marvel Costume Kit 1".^[163]
• Doctor Octopus appears as a card in Heroes and Heralds Mode in Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3. The producer, Ryota Niitsuma, confirmed that Doctor Octopus was planned to be a playable character at one point during production, with even character art and a theme song being developed for him before the decision to cut him from the roster.^[164]
• Doctor Octopus appears in Edge of Time, voiced by Dave B. Mitchell.^[157] When history is altered so that Alchemax was established in the 1970s, Otto Octavius is a scientist employed by the company and never turned to crime, although he still uses his tentacles as tools for his research. His in-game bio reveals that the time-travelling company founder Walker Sloan recruited him the day before the accident that would have fused his tentacles to him in the original reality. He and Sloan attempt to use Anti-Venom to kill Spider-Man. But when Spider-Man 2099 intervenes, Doctor Octopus is thrown into a time portal with Sloan and Anti-Venom where they're trapped between the present time and the year 2099 then are subsequently fused into the monstrous Atrocity (voiced by Fred Tatasciore{{citation needed|date=August 2016}}) which uses Doctor Octopus's tentacles and Anti-Venom's ability to negate Spider-Man's powers. Once Atrocity was defeated, it split back into the characters that it was created from.
• Doctor Octopus is featured as a boss in the Facebook game Avengers Alliance.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}} Another version of the character in his Superior Spider-Man persona is playable but is from a different dimension.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}
• Doctor Octopus appears in the MMO Marvel Heroes, with Doctor Octopus voiced again by Tom Kenny,^[157] and Superior Spider-Man voiced by Christopher Daniel Barnes.^[157] Doctor Octopus is featured as a boss in multiple locations while his Superior Spider-Man form is featured as a playable character.
• Doctor Octopus and Superior Spider-Man both appear as separate playable characters in Lego Marvel Super Heroes, with Doctor Octopus voiced by Dee Bradley Baker and Superior Spider-Man voiced by James Arnold Taylor.^[165][166] He is among the supervillains that help Doctor Doom obtain pieces of the Silver Surfer's board. Doctor Octopus fights Captain America and Mister Fantastic in the Baxter Building and the Daily Bugle before Spider-Man helps defeat him. A bonus mission has Phil Coulson overseeing Doctor Octopus's community service where he must fix up the damages at the Daily Bugle. His Superior Spider-Man form is also present and can be unlocked by free-falling from the Empire State Building. Doctor Octopus' Ultimate variant is also playable.
• Doctor Octopus appears in Marvel Super Heroes,^[167] voiced again by Tom Kenny.^[157] He attempts to warn Mysterio and the Green Goblin of the dangers of replicating the Venom symbiote as no one have been able to control the symbiote in the past, but the Goblin and Mysterio dismiss his worry and cut communications with him.
• Doctor Octopus appears as the fifth member of the Sinister Six to come through the portal in the Spider-Man Unlimited endless runner app, voiced by Kyle Hebert.^[157] He is complete with his own underwater research area as his Boss stage. Playable versions of Superior Spider-Man and Superior Octopus are also available to the player.^[168]
• Doctor Octopus appears in Disney Infinity 3.0, voiced again by Tom Kenny.^[157]
• Doctor Octopus is a playable character in Future Fight.^[157]
• Doctor Octopus is a boss villain in Marvel: Avengers Alliance 2.^[169]
• There are two playable versions of Doctor Octopus in the match-three mobile and PC game Marvel Puzzle Quest, the most recent of which ("Classic") was added to the game in June 2017.^[170]
• Doctor Octopus appears in Contest of Champions.^[171]
• Doctor Octopus appears as a boss villain and a playable character in Lego Marvel Super Heroes 2.^[172] His Superior Spider-Man form is also a playable character.
• Doctor Octopus appears in the 2018 Spider-Man video game, voiced by William Salyers.^[173] Once the friend of Norman Osborn and co-founder of Oscorp, Otto Octavius left the organization due to its unethical genetic experiments. Founding his own organization Octavius Industries, he works to perfect prosthetic limb technology, motivated by a neurological disorder he is developing. Octavius is also the employer of Peter Parker and secretly aware of his activities as Spider-Man. After their grant funding is shut down by Osborn exploiting his position as Mayor, Octavius is inspired to seek revenge on him by attacks led by Martin Li, a former victim of their experimentation. Working with Peter on a set of mechanical appendages, Octavius loses control due to a defect with the neural implants, and leads a mass prison break from Ryker's Island and the Raft. Forming the Sinister Six with several of Spider-Man's foes, he organizes a series of attacks on Oscorp and releases the Devil's Breath virus in the hopes of exposing Norman's crimes. Octavius is eventually defeated by Parker and tries to convince him to continue working together. Peter refuses and leaves him behind for the authorities, eventually leading to his imprisonment in the Raft.

Theatre

• Doctor Octopus appears in the LIVE! stage show.^[174]

Toys and collectibles

• Doctor Octopus has been recreated in action figure form multiple times, first as part of Mattel's Secret Wars line, then later many times by Toy Biz in their Spider-Man and Marvel Legends series, and finally by Hasbro as part of their Spider-Man: Origin series. The movie figure will also be featured in Hasbro's Marvel Legends Spider-Man 3 wave. The action feature from this figure was removed. Hasbro released a Spectacular Spider-Man action figure later.
• A Doctor Octopus figure was released in 2004 as part of the Marvel Manga Twist'ems line with wind up tentacles.
• Doctor Octopus has also been recreated in several statues and mini-busts, by the likes of Diamond Select, Art Asylum and Bowen Designs.
• Doctor Octopus is the third figurine in the Classic Marvel Figurine Collection.

Amusement park rides

• Doctor Octopus appears as the leader of the Sinister Syndicate in The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man ride at Islands of Adventure at the Universal Orlando Resort, voiced by Rodger Bumpass.{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}} He has invented an anti-gravity cannon, and uses it, with the Syndicate, to hold the Statue of Liberty for ransom. He attacks guests several times during the ride, until he is finally defeated by Spider-Man on the New York rooftops. Doctor Octopus is last seen bundled together with the rest of the Syndicate, attempting to attack Spider-Man one last time before his tentacle is webbed to the Hobgoblin's head.

References

External links

• {{Marvelwiki|Doctor_Octopus_(Otto_Octavius)|Doctor Octopus (Otto Octavius)}}
• {{Marveldatabase|Otto_Octavius_(Earth-616)|Doctor Octopus}}
  • Octobot at Marvel Wiki
• Doctor Octopus's profile at Spiderfan.org
• [https://comicvine.gamespot.com/doctor-octopus/4005-1485 Doctor Octopus] at Comic Vine
• [https://spiderman.fandom.com/wiki/Otto_Octavius_(Earth-616) Otto Octavius] at Spider-Man Wiki

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