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词条 Easter (Patti Smith Group album)
释义

  1. History

  2. Religious imagery

  3. Critical reception

  4. Track listing

  5. Personnel

  6. Liner notes

  7. Charts

     Certifications and sales 

  8. Release history

  9. Notes

  10. External links

{{Infobox album
| name = Easter
| type = studio
| artist = Patti Smith Group
| cover = Easter cover.jpg
| alt =
| released = {{start date|1978|3|3}}
| recorded = {{start date|1977}}
| venue =
| studio = Record Plant, New York City;
House of Music, West Orange, New Jersey
| genre = Punk rock, new wave
| length = 39:44
| label = Arista
| producer = Jimmy Iovine
| prev_title = Radio Ethiopia
| prev_year = 1976
| next_title = Wave
| next_year = 1979
| misc = {{Singles
| name = Easter
| type = studio
| single1 = Because the Night
| single1date = 1978
| single2 = Privilege (Set Me Free)
| single2date = 1978
}}
}}Easter is the third studio album by the Patti Smith Group, released in March 1978 on Arista Records (see 1978 in music). Produced by Jimmy Iovine, it is regarded as the group's commercial breakthrough, owing to the success of the single, "Because the Night" (co-written by Bruce Springsteen and Smith), which reached #13 on the Billboard Hot 100[1] and #5 in the UK.[2]

History

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| title="Because the Night"
| description =
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| filename2 = Rock N Roll Nigger - Patti Smith Group.ogg
| title2 = "Rock N Roll Nigger"
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The first album released since Smith had suffered a neck injury while touring for Radio Ethiopia, Easter has been called the most commercially accessible of the Patti Smith Group's catalogue. Unlike its two predecessors, Easter incorporated a diversity of musical styles, though still including classic rock and roll ("25th Floor/High on Rebellion", "Rock N Roll Nigger"), folk ("Ghost Dance"[3][4][5]), spoken word ("Babelogue") and pop music ("Because the Night"). Easter is the only 1970s album of Smith's that does not feature Richard Sohl as part of the Patti Smith Group; in one interview at the time, Smith stated that Sohl was sick and this prevented him from participating in recording the album. Bruce Brody is credited as the keyboard player, Richard Sohl makes a guest appearance contributing keyboards to "Space Monkey", along with Blue Öyster Cult keyboardist Allen Lanier. The cover photograph is by Lynn Goldsmith and liner notes photography by Cindy Black and Robert Mapplethorpe.

Religious imagery

In addition to the religious allusion of its title, the album is replete with biblical and specifically Christian imagery. "Privilege (Set Me Free)" is taken from the British fame- and authoritarianism-satirizing film Privilege; its lyrics are adapted from Psalm 23. The LP insert reproduces a First Communion portrait of Frederic and Arthur Rimbaud, and Smith's notes for the song "Easter" invoke Catholic imagery of baptism, communion and the blood of Christ. A solitary hand-drawn cross is placed below the group member credits on the sleeve insert, and the last sentence of the liner notes is a quote from Second Epistle to Timothy 4:7 -- "I have fought a good fight, I have finished my course ..."

Critical reception

{{Album ratings
| title = Retrospective professional reviews
| rev1 = AllMusic
| rev1Score = {{Rating|4.5|5}}[6]
| rev2 = Chicago Tribune
| rev2Score = {{Rating|3.5|4}}[7]
|rev3 = Christgau's Record Guide
|rev3Score = A–[8]
| rev4 = Pitchfork
| rev4score = 8.8/10[9]
| rev5 = Q
| rev5score = {{Rating|4|5}}[10]
| rev6 = The Rolling Stone Album Guide
| rev6Score = {{Rating|4.5|5}}[11]
| rev7 = Spin
| rev7Score = {{Rating|4.5|5}}[12]
}}Easter was highly acclaimed upon its release. Writing in Rolling Stone, Dave Marsh called the album "transcendent and fulfilled."[13] In Creem, Nick Tosches described it as "an album of Christian obsessions, especially those of death and resurrection", and called it Smith's "best work."[14] Robert Christgau of The Village Voice wrote that "the miracle is that most of these songs are rousing in the way they're meant to be."[15] Lester Bangs, on the other hand, began his review of the album, "Dear Patti, start the revolution without me", and contended that while Horses had changed his life, Easter "is just a very good album."[16] Easter ranked at number 14 in The Village Voice{{'}}s Pazz & Jop critics' poll of the best albums of 1978,[17] while NME magazine ranked the album 46th best of the year.[18]

Track listing

{{Tracklist
| headline = Side one
| title1 = Till Victory
| writer1 = Patti Smith, Lenny Kaye
| length1 = 2:45
| title2 = Space Monkey
| writer2 = Smith, Ivan Kral, Tom Verlaine
| length2 = 4:04
| title3 = Because the Night
| writer3 = Smith, Bruce Springsteen
| length3 = 3:32
| title4 = Ghost Dance
| writer4 = Smith, Kaye
| length4 = 4:40
| title5 = Babelogue
| writer5 = Smith
| length5 = 1:25
| title6 = Rock N Roll Nigger
| writer6 = Smith, Kaye
| length6 = 3:13
}}{{tracklist
| headline = Side two
| title7 = Privilege (Set Me Free)
| writer7 = Mel London, Mike Leander, Psalm 23
| length7 = 3:27
| title8 = We Three
| writer8 = Smith
| length8 = 4:19
| title9 = 25th Floor
| writer9 = Smith, Kral
| length9 =4:01
| title10 = High on Rebellion
| writer10 = Smith
| length10 = 2:37
| title11 = Easter
| writer11 = Smith, Jay Dee Daugherty
| length11 = 6:15
}}{{tracklist
| headline = Bonus track (CD reissue in 1996 Arista Records, Inc)
| title12 = Godspeed
| writer12 = Smith, Kral
| length12 = 6:09
}}

Personnel

Patti Smith Group
  • Patti Smith – vocals, guitar
  • Lenny Kaye – guitar, bass guitar, vocals
  • Jay Dee Daugherty – drums, percussion
  • Ivan Kral – bass guitar, vocals, guitar
  • Bruce Brody – keyboards, synthesizer
Additional personnel
  • Jimmy Iovine – producer
  • Richard Sohl – keyboards on "Space Monkey"
  • Allen Lanier – keyboards on "Space Monkey"
  • John Paul Fetta – bass on "Till Victory" & "Privilege"
  • Andi Ostrowe – percussion on "Ghost Dance"
  • Jim Maxwell – bagpipes on "Easter"
  • Tom Verlaine – arrangement on "We Three" (in 1974)
  • Todd Smith – head of crew
Technical
  • Jimmy Iovine – production, mixing
  • Shelly Yakus – mixing
  • Greg Calbi – mastering
  • Thom Panunzio – engineering
  • Gray Russell – engineering
  • Charlie Conrad – engineering
  • Joe Intile – engineering
Design
  • Lynn Goldsmith – cover photography
  • Robert Mapplethorpe – insert photography
  • Cindy Black – insert photography
  • John Roberts – insert photography
  • Maude Gilman – insert design

Liner notes

In the insert with the original LP release (reproduced in the 1996 reissue), Smith's self-penned liner notes refer, among other things, to:

  • Arthur Rimbaud – 19th century French poet, sometime companion of Paul Verlaine. Lived in Ethiopia for the last 11 years of his life.
  • Frédéric Rimbaud – Arthur's brother.
  • 42nd Street and Ninth Avenue, New York – 1970s crime-ridden zone.
  • Privilege – 1967 British movie.
  • The Rolling Stones – A concert movie released in 1974.
  • Alain Delon – French actor.
  • Pier Paolo Pasolini – 1960s Italian poet and film director.
  • Bernardo Bertolucci – 1960s Italian writer and film director.
  • Jean-Luc Godard – 1960s Franco-Swiss filmmaker.
  • {{start date|1977|8|16}} – date of Elvis Presley's death.
  • Ghost Dance – 19th century religious movement among some Native American tribes.
  • r.e.f.m. – Radio Ethiopia Field Marshal.
  • Jean Shrimpton – 1960s British model and actress.
  • Paul Jones – 1960s British musician and actor.
  • Charles Baudelaire – 19th century French poet.
  • CBGB – New York music club.
  • Little Richard – 20th century American singer-songwriter.
  • New Jersey.
  • The UN's declaration of 1979 as International Year of the Child.

Charts

YearChartPeak
position
1978Norway[19]10
Sweden[19]34
UK Albums Chart[2]16
Billboard Pop Albums[20]20

Certifications and sales

{{certification Table Top}}{{certification Table Entry|title=Easter|type=album|artist=Patti Smith|relyear=1978|region=France|award=Gold|salesamount=204,900|salesref=[21]}}{{certification Table Entry|type=album|region=United Kingdom|artist=Patti Smith Group|title=Easter|award=Silver|certyear=1978|relyear=1978|autocat=yes}}{{col-end}}

Release history

Date Label Format Catalog
March 1978 Arista Records LP 4171
1996 Arista Records CD
2007 Sony BMG CD 37929

Notes

1. ^{{cite web |url={{Allmusic|class=album|id=r18301|pure_url=yes}} |title=Easter > Chart & Awards – Billboard Singles |accessdate=2008-02-28 |publisher=allmusic}}
2. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.chartstats.com/albuminfo.php?id=4313 |title=UK Album Charts |accessdate=2008-02-28}}
3. ^Wendell, Eric (2014). [https://books.google.com/books?id=kjcDAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT101&dq=patti+smith+ghost+dance&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj0zobnuLrZAhVGxWMKHe8nDmgQ6AEIODAD#v=onepage&q=%22ghost%20dance%22&f=false Patti Smith: America's Punk Rock Rhapsodist], p.54. Rowman & Littlefield. {{ISBN|9780810886919}}. "The 'Ghost Dance' in question may refer to the Native American practice, a holy tradition meant to reunite the living with the spirits of the departed."
4. ^Johnstone, Nick (2012). [https://books.google.com/books?id=kjcDAwAAQBAJ&pg=PT101&dq=patti+smith+ghost+dance&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj0zobnuLrZAhVGxWMKHe8nDmgQ6AEIODAD#v=onepage&q=%22ghost%20dance%22&f=false Patti Smith: A Biography], unpaginated. Omnibus. {{ISBN|9780857127785}}. "The title referred to the Native American Indian ritual of the ghost dance...This was another song about different modes of communicating with God and parallel planes of existence."
5. ^Dethier, Brock (2003). From Dylan to Donne: Bridging English and Music, p.38. Boynton/Cook. {{ISBN|9780867095326}}. "Patti Smith's 'Ghost Dance', for instance, can spark discussions of cultural appropriation, treatment of the sacred, and of course the genocide of Native Americans."
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/easter-mw0000652295 |title=Easter – Patti Smith Group / Patti Smith |publisher=AllMusic |accessdate=October 15, 2015 |last=Ruhlmann |first=William}}
7. ^{{cite news |url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1996-06-17/features/9606170040_1_fred-sonic-smith-patti-smith-lenny-kaye/3 |title=Back For More |work=Chicago Tribune |date=June 17, 1996 |accessdate=September 12, 2016 |last=Kot |first=Greg |authorlink=Greg Kot}}
8. ^{{cite book|last=Christgau|first=Robert|authorlink=Robert Christgau|year=1981|title=Rock Albums of the Seventies|publisher=Ticknor & Fields|isbn=089919026X|chapter=Consumer Guide '70s: S|chapter-url=https://www.robertchristgau.com/get_chap.php?k=S&bk=70|accessdate=March 12, 2019|via=robertchristgau.com}}
9. ^{{cite web |url=http://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/23244-easter/ |title=Patti Smith Group: Easter |work=Pitchfork |date=May 28, 2017 |accessdate=May 28, 2017 |last=Rose |first=Caryn}}
10. ^{{cite journal |title=Patti Smith: Easter |journal=Q |issue=122 |date=November 1996 |page=154}}
11. ^{{cite book |chapter=Patti Smith |last=Abowitz |first=Richard |title=The New Rolling Stone Album Guide |publisher=Simon & Schuster |edition=4th |year=2004 |editor1-last=Brackett |editor1-first=Nathan |editor2-last=Hoard |editor2-first=Christian |isbn=0-7432-0169-8 |pages=751–52}}
12. ^{{cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BpE-C2vX2LcC&pg=PA108 |title=Discography: Patti Smith |journal=Spin |volume=24 |issue=9 |date=September 2008 |accessdate=October 15, 2015 |last=Marchese |first=David |page=108}}
13. ^{{cite journal|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/artists/pattismith/albums/album/120255/review/5944596/easter |title=Patti Smith: Easter |work=Rolling Stone |issue=263 |date=April 20, 1978 |accessdate=February 29, 2008 |last=Marsh |first=Dave |authorlink=Dave Marsh |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071209184644/http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/pattismith/albums/album/120255/review/5944596/easter |archivedate=December 9, 2007 |deadurl=yes |df= }}
14. ^{{cite journal |url=http://www.oceanstar.com/patti/crit/tosches.htm |title=Patti Smith Group: Easter |work=Creem |date=June 1978 |accessdate=February 29, 2008 |last=Tosches |first=Nick}}
15. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/cg/cgv4-78.php |title=Christgau's Consumer Guide |newspaper=The Village Voice |date=April 24, 1978 |accessdate=October 15, 2015 |last=Christgau |first=Robert |authorlink=Robert Christgau}}
16. ^{{cite journal |url=http://www.oceanstar.com/patti/crit/7805bang.htm |title=Patti Smith's Top 40 Insurrection |work=Phonograph Record |date=May 1978 |accessdate=February 29, 2008 |last=Bangs |first=Lester |authorlink=Lester Bangs}}
17. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.robertchristgau.com/xg/pnj/pjres78.php |title=The 1978 Pazz & Jop Critics Poll |work=The Village Voice |date=January 22, 1979 |accessdate=February 29, 2008}}
18. ^{{cite web |url=http://acclaimedmusic.net/Current/A444.htm |title=Easter |publisher=Acclaimed Music |accessdate=February 29, 2008}}
19. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://swisscharts.com/showitem.asp?key=22698&cat=a |title=European charts |accessdate=2008-02-28}}
20. ^{{cite web |url={{Allmusic|class=album|id=r18301|pure_url=yes}} |title=Easter > Chart & Awards |accessdate=2008-02-28 |publisher=allmusic}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.infodisc.fr/CDCertif_O.php?debut=400|title=Les Albums Or|publisher=SNEP|work=infodisc.fr|accessdate=2011-08-31|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111018005836/http://www.infodisc.fr/CDCertif_O.php?debut=400|archivedate=2011-10-18|df=}}

External links

  • {{Allmusic|class=album|id=r18301|label=Easter}}
{{Patti Smith}}

4 : Patti Smith albums|1978 albums|Arista Records albums|Albums produced by Jimmy Iovine
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