词条 | East Horsley | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|country = England |coordinates = {{coord|51.261|-0.433|display=inline,title}} |official_name= East Horsley |civil_parish= East Horsley |static_image_name=Former Gatehouse to Horsley Towers - geograph.org.uk - 438854.jpg |static_image_caption=The prominent former gatehouse to Horsley Towers on Guildford Road has mock-medieval turrets. Flower meadows rest on the lower slopes of the North Downs here. |static_image_2_name=Lovelace Coats-of-Arms - geograph.org.uk - 565486.jpg |static_image_2_caption=Inlaid brickwork settings depicting two coats of arms and a crown in rubble masonry wall of the noble Lovelace family who long lived in the village |map_type= Surrey | population = 4290 |population_ref=(Civil Parish 2011)[1] |area_total_km2=7.4 |shire_district= Guildford | shire_county = Surrey |region= South East England |constituency_westminster= Mole Valley |post_town= Leatherhead |postcode_district = KT24 |postcode_area= KT |dial_code= 01483 |os_grid_reference= TQ0952 }} East Horsley is a village and civil parish in Surrey, England, 21 miles southwest of London, on the A246 between Leatherhead and Guildford. Horsley and Effingham Junction railway stations are on the New Guildford line to London Waterloo. The two-halves of ancient Horsley are similar in having substantial woodland and some chalky lower slopes, in the south, of the North Downs. History
East Horsley appears in Domesday Book of 1086 as having two manors, listed under the chief manor's heading of Horslei. This was held by Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury. Its domesday assets were: 3 hides and 1½ virgates; 8½ ploughs, woodland worth 50 hogs. It rendered £5 per year to its overlords.[2] The Bishop's Manor in East Horsley seems to have belonged to the see of Exeter throughout the Middle Ages. Malden writing in 1911 associates closely the Domesday entry in Latin meaning 'Bishop Osborn of Exeter holds Woking' with this manor which his successors later held, since there is no trace of any land held by the Bishop of Exeter in Woking in pipe rolls, Assize Rolls, feet of fines or the records of Lambeth Palace.[3]
In 1792 an Inclosure Act enabled William Currie MP to inclose most of Horsley Common at the northern end of the parish and the common fields and waste at the southern part, very much on the chalk. The parsonage and glebe were at the same time moved within the parish.[3] The village is the site of Horsley Park, a gothic mansion designed by Sir Charles Barry (later the architect of the Houses of Parliament) for William Currie in place of an earlier building. Currie, a distiller and banker, had bought the property in 1784 and over the next 44 years made extensive changes to the village, including rebuilding most of its houses, establishing the school and restoring the church.[3] After Currie's death in 1829, the property was acquired by the 1st Earl of Lovelace. It was the marital home of Ada, Lady Lovelace (the writer, mathematician and world's first computer programmer) and later Sir Thomas Sopwith, aviation pioneer. In 1971 it was used as a (Defence) Staff Training College and was placed in the second category of the English Heritage scheme of architecture as a Grade II* listed building.[4] The buildings were used as a location for the film, The Colour of Magic, in 2008. It is currently in use as a hotel. The 3rd Earl of Lovelace imposed restrictive covenants on most of his former fields when selling these to private developers in the early 20th century, leading to the overwhelming proportion of homes being detached; no minimum plot size is specified by these, and planning is controlled by Guildford Borough Council, subject to advice from the civil parish council. {{clear}}GeographyThe settlement is 21 miles south west of London, partly on the A246 between Leatherhead and Guildford. As such it forms a cross between a nucleated village and dispersed settlement directly north of this road, with a wide array of medium-sized individual home plots typically of {{convert|0.4|acres}}. Horsley and Effingham Junction railway stations are on the New Guildford line in the parish (connected to London Waterloo and both have a line direct to Leatherhead, Epsom and Sutton). The village has the parade of shops and businesses of the two Horsleys (see West Horsley), Otherwise the two-halves of ancient Horsley are similar in having substantial woodland and some chalky lower slopes, in the south, of the North Downs.[5] In the light of the local emphasis on detached homes, journalist Caroline McGhie considered East Horsley to show signs of becoming 'Britain's richest village' based upon 46 house sales of over one million pounds in the 12 months to March 2011. The study explicitly excludes, however, groups of considerably more expensive homes and areas of Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire and Surrey with a higher level of average income.[6]{{#tag:ref|Examples include Richings Park, Gerrard's Cross, Wentworth and/or its village of Virginia Water (with 146 sales over £1M in the same period), Saint George's Hill and Burwood Park. In East Horsley income groups are not especially high for a South East England village; at the 2011 census the ONS found the largest single group of those aged 16–74 were those of the second category out of eight: lower managerial, administrative and professional occupations.|group= n}} Amenities
The main row of shops is near the western railway station on a local thoroughfare from the end of Forest Road towards Ockham, a small number of professions operate here, such as accountants, opticians and the NHS medical practice. A Legacy hotel is in the village.[7]
The medieval church continues as part of a larger charitable organisation in the Diocese of Guildford and caters for Anglicanism, St Martin's.[8]
A village with a theatre (as does similarly-sized Godstone in the county), this is a well-equipped amateur production stage named the Nomad Theatre[9] which is behind the smaller of East Horsley's two rows of shops, Bishopsmead Parade. Its construction was largely financed by National Lottery grants from Arts Council England. The theatre opened in October 1998 with a production of Dylan Thomas's Under Milk Wood. Demography and housingEast Horsley had 1,343 detached homes (of which 1,309 were inhabited) and fewer than 183 of any other dwelling types at the 2011 census, and a high proportion of business-owners and directors, accordingly it was deemed Britain's "richest village" by The Daily Telegraph in 2011[10] and again in 2015.[11]
The average level of accommodation in the region composed of detached houses was 28%, the average that was apartments was 22.6%.
The proportion of households in East Horsley who owned their home outright was 19.3% above the regional average. The proportion who owned their home with a loan was 0.3% greater than the regional average; providing overall a lower proportion than average of rented residential property relative to the average in Surrey, the district and the country.
PoliticsLocal government is administered by Guildford Borough Council and Surrey County Council. At Surrey County Council, one of the 81 representatives represents the area within the Horsleys division.[12] At Guildford Borough Council the ward of the borough is deemed appropriate to be best represented under the current constitution by three councillors.[13]
East Horsley is in Mole Valley. At the elections since its inception a Conservative has won it. Neighbouring areasNeighbouring areas are: {{Geographic location|title = Nearest Settlements |Centre = East Horsley |North = Ockham |Northeast = Downside |East = Effingham |Southeast = Effingham Upper Common or Dogkennel Green including woods Effingham |South = across the North Downs Gomshall, Shere (large hamlet) |Southwest = across the North Downs Shere |West = West Horsley |Northwest = across part of West Horsley Ockham }} See also
Notes and references
1. ^1 2 3 4 5 Key StatisticsL Key figures, Dwellings, Tenure; Quick Statistics: Population Density United Kingdom Census 2011 Office for National Statistics Retrieved 21 November 2013 2. ^Surrey Domesday Book {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030192829/http://www.gwp.enta.net/surrnames.htm |date=30 October 2007 }} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=42982 |title=Parishes: East Horsley |editor=H.E. Malden |publisher=Institute of Historical Research |date=1911 |work=A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 3 |accessdate=22 November 2013 }} 4. ^{{National Heritage List for England|num=1294810|accessdate=22 November 2013}} 5. ^Grid square map Ordnance survey website 6. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/property/luxuryhomes/8410974/Britains-richest-villages.html|title=Britain's richest villages|work=The Daily Telegraph}} 7. ^Legacy Hotels in England Retrieved 22 November 2013 8. ^East Horsley – St Martin The Church of England. Retrieved 22 November 2013 9. ^ Nomad Theatre Website 10. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/property/luxury-homes/8410974/Britains-richest-villages.html|title=Britain's richest villages|work=The Daily Telegraph}} 11. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/property/house-prices/11453685/Welcome-to-the-villages-with-the-most-1m-plus-homes.html|title=Welcome to the villages with the most £1m-plus home sales|work=The Daily Telegraph}} 12. ^Electoral Divisions {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202225249/http://mycouncil.surreycc.gov.uk/mgWardMap.aspx |date=2 December 2013 }} Surrey County Council. Retrieved 6 November 2013 13. ^1 Your local councillors Guildford Borough Council. Retrieved 20 November 2013 14. ^ Returning Officer's Declaration of Result for the May 2015 Local Council Elections. Retrieved 27 October 2015 15. ^Your Councillor Surrey County Council. Retrieved 22 November 2013
3 : Villages in Surrey|Borough of Guildford|Civil parishes in Surrey |
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