| 词条 | Erwinia |
| 释义 |
| taxon = Erwinia | authority = Winslow et al., 1920 | type_species = Erwinia amylovora NCPPB 683 | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = See text. }} Erwinia is a genus of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria containing mostly plant pathogenic species which was named for the famous plant pathologist, Erwin Frink Smith. It contains Gram-negative bacteria related to Escherichia coli, Shigella, Salmonella, and Yersinia. They are primarily rod-shaped bacteria. Many infect woody plants. A well-known member of this genus is the species E. amylovora, which causes fire blight on apples, pears, and other Rosaceae crops; E. tracheiphila, though, causes bacterial wilt of cucurbits. Other familiar species, such as E. carotovora (another major cause of plant diseases), are more distantly related to the fire blight bacterium, and have been moved to genera Brenneria, Dickeya, and Pectobacterium.[1] E. aphidocola and E. persicina species were both observed to be present within the floral nectar microbial community of seven different orchid (Epipactis) flower species.[2] E. aphidicola appears to display characteristics of a pathogen as it had decimated fifty percent of a bean crop in Spain in late 2003.[3]Erwinia rhapontici has been identified as a plant pathogen that produces a distinct diffusible pink pigment on sucrose-peptone agar and creates pink seeds in the hosts.[4] It is also found to be a wound pathogen. Wound pathogens are replicating microorganisms in a wound that can cause the host injury. It is possible that the bacterium can penetrate though young pea pods through wounds or injuries and infect seeds produced in the pod, causing deformed leaves.[5]SpeciesSpecies remaining in Erwinia are:[6]
Dickeya dadantii was formerly classified as Erwinia chrysanthemi. References1. ^{{cite journal|last=Toth|first=Ian K.|author2=Bell, Kenneth S. |author3=Holeva, Maria C. |author4=Birch, Paul R. J. |title=Soft rot erwiniae: from genes to genomes|journal=Molecular Plant Pathology|date=1 January 2003|volume=4|issue=1|pages=17–30|doi=10.1046/j.1364-3703.2003.00149.x|pmid=20569359}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q134827}}2. ^{{Cite journal|last=Jacquemyn|first=Hans|last2=Lenaerts|first2=Marijke|last3=Tyteca|first3=Daniel|last4=Lievens|first4=Bart|date=2013-08-01|title=Microbial diversity in the floral nectar of seven Epipactis (Orchidaceae) species|journal=MicrobiologyOpen|language=en|volume=2|issue=4|pages=644–658|doi=10.1002/mbo3.103|pmid=23836678|pmc=3948608|issn=2045-8827}} 3. ^{{Cite journal|last=Marín|first=F.|last2=Santos|first2=M.|last3=Carretero|first3=F.|last4=Yau|first4=J. A.|last5=Diánez|first5=F.|date=2011-11-01|title=Erwinia aphidicola isolated from commercial bean seeds (Phaseolus vulgaris)|journal=Phytoparasitica|language=en|volume=39|issue=5|pages=483|doi=10.1007/s12600-011-0190-4|issn=0334-2123}} 4. ^{{cite journal|title=Biology and Epidemiology of Erwinia rhapontici, Causal Agent of Pink Seed and Crown Rot of Plants |vauthors=Huang HC, Hsieh TF, Erickson RS |journal=Plant Pathology Bulletin |volume=12 |pages=69–76 |date=2003 |url=http://140.112.183.1/cpps/pdf/12-2/12-2-069.pdf |accessdate=11 February 2018}} 5. ^{{Cite journal|last=Huang|first=H.C.|last2=Phillippe|first2=L.M.|last3=Phillippe|first3=R.C.|title=Pink seed of pea: a new disease caused byErwinia rhapontici|journal=Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology|language=en|volume=12|issue=4|pages=445–448|doi=10.1080/07060669009500990|year=1990}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|url=http://www.bacterio.net/erwinia.html |accessdate=5 February 2018 |title=Erwinia |website=LPSN |author=Parte AC}} 7. ^{{cite journal|last=Rezzonico|first=F.|author2=Smits, T.H.M.|author3=Born, Y.|author4=Blom, J.|author5=Frey, J.E.|author6=Goesmann, A.|author7=Cleenwerck, I.|author8=de Vos, P.|author9=Bonaterra, A.|author10=Duffy, B.|author11=Montesinos, E.|title=Erwinia gerundensis sp. nov., a cosmopolitan epiphyte originally isolated from pome fruit trees|journal=Int J Syst Evol Microbiol|date=2016|volume=66|issue=3|pages=1583–1592|doi=10.1099/ijsem.0.000920|pmid=26813696}} 3 : Enterobacteriaceae|Bacterial plant pathogens and diseases|Bacteria genera |
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