“Sõrve Peninsula”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Sõrve Peninsula

释义

Climate
Lighthouse
References
Sources

Sõrve Peninsula ({{lang-et|Sõrve poolsaar}}) is a peninsula which forms the southernmost section of the Estonian island Saaremaa. Its length is 32 km, and its maximum width 10 km. South of it lies Irbe Strait, the main entrance to the Gulf of Riga of the Baltic Sea.

Historically, the peninsula had considerable military significance, dominating the Irbe Strait and the sea route to Riga. In the first half of the 20th century strong coastal batteries were installed on it by Imperial Russia up to 1917 and then by the Soviet Union after 1940.

In the course of World War II, the peninsula saw major fighting between Soviet and German forces, first in 1941 with the Germans attacking and the Soviets defending, and again during the Moonsund Landing Operation in 1944 with the roles reversed.

Even now it is dangerous to walk in undeveloped forest areas because a lot of unexploded ordnance remains from the fighting.

The Sõrve peninsula is also known for its unique and special natural attractions. Many rare species of birds, flowers and insects can be found throughout Sõrve.

About 400 people live there throughout the year, but most of the people are retired. Before the war, Sõrve was the most densely inhabited rural area in Estonia.

Since 1947, Estonian expatriate organisations in Australia have run an annual youth summer camp called "Sõrve", named after Sõrve peninsula.

Climate

{{Weather box
|location = Sõrve Peninsula (1981–2010)
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan record high C = 7.9
|Feb record high C = 8.7
|Mar record high C = 13.2
|Apr record high C = 20.9
|May record high C = 24.0
|Jun record high C = 26.2
|Jul record high C = 29.0
|Aug record high C = 28.1
|Sep record high C = 23.6
|Oct record high C = 18.0
|Nov record high C = 13.2
|Dec record high C = 10.1
|year record high C = 29.0
|Jan high C = 0.9
|Feb high C = −0.1
|Mar high C = 1.9
|Apr high C = 6.5
|May high C = 12.4
|Jun high C = 16.7
|Jul high C = 19.8
|Aug high C = 19.5
|Sep high C = 15.4
|Oct high C = 10.6
|Nov high C = 5.7
|Dec high C = 2.6
|year high C = 9.3
|Jan mean C = -1.0
|Feb mean C = -1.9
|Mar mean C = -0.2
|Apr mean C = 3.7
|May mean C = 9.2
|Jun mean C = 13.6
|Jul mean C = 16.9
|Aug mean C = 17.0
|Sep mean C = 13.1
|Oct mean C = 8.6
|Nov mean C = 4.0
|Dec mean C = 0.8
|year mean C = 7.0
|Jan low C = −3.0
|Feb low C = −4.0
|Mar low C = −2.2
|Apr low C = 1.6
|May low C = 6.6
|Jun low C = 11.1
|Jul low C = 14.3
|Aug low C = 14.5
|Sep low C = 10.8
|Oct low C = 6.6
|Nov low C = 2.3
|Dec low C = −1.2
|year low C = 4.8
|Jan record low C = −29.5
|Feb record low C = −25.6
|Mar record low C = −18.9
|Apr record low C = −10.7
|May record low C = −0.5
|Jun record low C = 1.9
|Jul record low C = 5.5
|Aug record low C = 6.0
|Sep record low C = 0.0
|Oct record low C = −3.8
|Nov record low C = −9.2
|Dec record low C = −16.4
|year record low C = −29.5
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 43
|Feb precipitation mm = 30
|Mar precipitation mm = 31
|Apr precipitation mm = 28
|May precipitation mm = 33
|Jun precipitation mm = 52
|Jul precipitation mm = 64
|Aug precipitation mm = 66
|Sep precipitation mm = 56
|Oct precipitation mm = 70
|Nov precipitation mm = 67
|Dec precipitation mm = 47
|year precipitation mm = 587
|Jan humidity = 86
|Feb humidity = 86
|Mar humidity = 85
|Apr humidity = 82
|May humidity = 80
|Jun humidity = 83
|Jul humidity = 83
|Aug humidity = 82
|Sep humidity = 81
|Oct humidity = 82
|Nov humidity = 85
|Dec humidity = 85
|year humidity = 83
|source 1 = Estonian Weather Service^[1]^[2]^[3]
}}

Lighthouse

The current lighthouse on Sõrve säär ("tip of Sõrve", known for its shingle beach), a cylindrical concrete tower, was built in 1960 to replace a square stone lighthouse built in 1770 and subsequently destroyed during the fighting between the Russians and the Germans in 1944 during World War II. On 1945 a temporary wooden lighthouse was built to serve during the period between two permanent lighthouses.

References

1. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.ilmateenistus.ee/kliima/kliimanormid/ohutemperatuur/?lang=en| title = Climate normals-Temperature | publisher = Estonian Weather Service| accessdate = 28 September 2016}}
2. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.ilmateenistus.ee/kliima/kliimanormid/sademed/?lang=en| title = Climate normals-Precipitation| publisher = Estonian Weather Service| accessdate = 28 September 2016}}
3. ^{{cite web| url = http://www.ilmateenistus.ee/kliima/kliimanormid/ohuniiskus/?lang=en| title = Climate normals-Humidity| publisher = Estonian Weather Service| accessdate = 28 September 2016}}

Sources

{{cite book |title=Operation Albion: the German conquest of the Baltic Islands |last=Barrett |first=Michael B |authorlink= |coauthors= |year=2007 |publisher=Indiana University Press |location= |isbn=0-253-34969-9 |page= |pages= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KudmAAAAMAAJ&q |accessdate=}}
{{cite book |title=A Naval History of World War I|last=Halpern| first=Paul |authorlink=|coauthors= |year=1994 |publisher=UCL Press| location= |isbn=1-85728-295-7| pages= | url=}}
{{cite book |title=Battle for the Baltic Islands|last=Staff| first=Gary |authorlink=|coauthors= |year=2009 |publisher=Pen and Sword| location= |isbn=1-85728-295-7| pages= | url=}}

{{coord|58|10|43|N|22|15|29|E|display=title|region:EE_type:landmark_source:dewiki}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Sorve Peninsula}}{{Saare-geo-stub}}

4 : Baltic Sea|Saaremaa|Peninsulas of Estonia|Landforms of Saare County

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