“FC Torpedo Moscow”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Football Club Torpedo Moscow ({{lang-ru|link=no|ФК "Торпедо" Москва}}, FK Torpedo Moskva) is a Russian football club based in Moscow that was founded in 1924 and currently plays in the Russian Professional Football League.

History

Name history

Club history

Torpedo Moscow Football Club (based on Proletarskaya Kuznitsa teams) was formed in 1924 by the AMO automotive plant (soon to be Stalin Automotive Plant – ZIS and later Likhachev Automotive Plant – ZIL).

They played in the Moscow League until 1936 when they became one of the founder members of the Soviet 'B' League and changed their name to Torpedo Moscow. In 1938, they were promoted to the 'A' League.

Torpedo have won the National League Championship on three occasions, and have lifted the National Cup seven times. In 1957 Torpedo Moscow, as well as other Soviet sport clubs named "Torpedo", became a part of the republican VSS Trud of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.

Nicknamed "the Black-Whites," Torpedo has not been a major force in Russian football since the days of Eduard Streltsov, the brilliant striker of the 1950s and 1960s, known as "the Russian Pelé." Past glories for Torpedo include three USSR titles (1960, 1965, and autumn 1976), six USSR Cups (1949, 1952, 1960, 1968, 1972, 1986), one Russian Cup (1993) and three appearances in the quarterfinals of European/UEFA Cup competition, and one Ciutat de Lleida Trophy in 1991.

The club used to belong to the ZIL automobile plant until a fallout in the mid-1990s that resulted in Torpedo leaving their historic ground and moving across town to Luzhniki, as they became property of the Luzhniki corporation and its name was changed to Torpedo-Luzhniki between (1996–1997) before it was renamed Torpedo Moscow.

After selling Torpedo Moscow in 1996, ZIL created a new team, Torpedo-ZIL (1997), which debuted in the Third Division and reached the Russian Premier League in 2000. However, ZIL sold the team to MMC Norilsk Nickel in 2003, where it was relaunched as FC Moscow. This new team, however, was eventually dissolved after spending the 2010 season in Amateur Football League when its owner and main sponsor, MMC Norilsk Nickel, withdrew funding.

After selling Torpedo-ZIL in 2003, ZIL created another team, Torpedo-ZIL (2003), which began play in the Third Division. This team, however, was also eventually disbanded in 2011 after its efforts to seek promotion to the First Division failed.

Under SC Luzhniki ownership (1996–2009), Torpedo Moscow was relegated to the First Division in 2006 and after two seasons it fell further to the Second Division. In early 2009, Luzhniki sold the team back to ZiL.^[1]

It was speculated that ZIL would merge Torpedo Moscow and Torpedo-ZIL (2003), but instead an independent Torpedo Moscow spent 2009 in the Amateur Football League, later earning two consecutive promotions to gain a spot in the First Division in 2011. In their first season back in the First Division, the team finished eighth during the first half of the tournament at the end of 2011, taking them through to a Top 8 Promotion playoff during the season's second half.

In the 2012–13 season, Torpedo barely avoided relegation to the second division. At the end of the championship was again replaced head coach – instead Ignatiev came 42-year-old Vladimir Kazakov, in due time played in Torpedo. Were acquired several players with experience of playing at the highest level. However, in the first 6 matches, black-white were able earn only two points, Kazakov took the blame and resigned.

On 5 September 2013, a team led by A. G. Borodyuk began to become more competitive, ultimately placing third in the 2013–14 season and securing a playoff spot for promotion to the Premier League. The team drew the previous year's 14th-placed Premier League team, Krylia Sovetov Samara, in a game held on 18 May 2014 at the stadium in suburban Ramenskoye, which ended 2–0 for Torpedo. On 22 May, in the tie's second leg at Metallurg Stadium in Samara, Torpedo played to a draw, thus prevailing on aggregate and returning to the Premier League after an eight-year absence.

The 2014–15 season began poorly for Torpedo in the top division; in the first matchday, the club was defeated 1–4 by CSKA Moscow. At the end of the season, the team was relegated back to the Russian Football National League after finishing second-last, in 15th. Due to a lack of financing, however, Torpedo could only receive licensing for play in the third-tier Russian Professional Football League for 2015–16 season, thus sealing a two-level relegation.

In 2017 Torpedo club got another owner – Roman Avdeev, the Russian billionaire, head of Ingrad real estate development company and Rossium concern.

The Edward Streltsov stadium, Torpedo`c home stadium, is also owned by Rossium. In 2017 Roman Avdeev declared the reconstruction of the stadium. It will be reconstructed in 2019–2020, after that 15 000 of fans would be able to watch the match.

Supporters and rivalries

The fans of Torpedo are "twinned" with the fans of Spartak Moscow. {{citation needed|date=February 2016}}

Torpedo's rivalries are with FC Lokomotiv Moscow, FC CSKA Moscow, FC Dynamo Moscow and FC Zenit Saint Petersburg. {{citation needed|date=February 2016}}

Torpedo kits

Honours

Domestic competitions

Non-official

League history

{{flagicon|USSR}} Soviet Union

Season	Div.	Pos.	Pl.	W	D	L	GS	GA	P	Cup	Europe		Top scorer (league)	Head coach	Notes
1936	2nd	2	6	3	1	2	10	7	13	—	—				Spring tourn.
1936		4	7	4	0	3	11	7	15	—	—				Autumn tourn.
1937		6	12	4	4	4	16	18	24	R16	—				Promoted due to league expansion
1938	1st	9	25	9	11	5	51	38	29	R16	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Sinyakov – 15 {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} P. Petrov – 15	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Bukhteev
1939		9	26	8	7	11	51	51	23	R64	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Zharkov – 13	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Bukhteev {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Kvashnin
1940		11	24	6	6	12	36	50	18	—	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Zharkov – 9	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Kvashnin
1941	Did not participate
No league and cup competitions in 1942–1943
1944	No competition									SF	—
1945	1st	3	22	12	3	7	41	21	27	R16	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Panfilov – 14
1946		4	22	11	5	6	44	29	27	SF	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} A. Ponomaryov – 18	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Maslov
1947		5	24	9	6	9	36	29	24	RU	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Zharkov – 9	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Maslov
1948		5	26	15	3	8	58	43	33	QF	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} A. Ponomaryov – 19	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Maslov {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Nikitin
1949		4	34	16	10	8	64	42	42	W	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} A. Ponomaryov – 19	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Nikitin {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Kvashnin
1950		10	36	13	10	13	57	60	36	R32	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ponomaryov – 12	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Kvashnin
1951		12	28	8	8	12	37	48	24	R32	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Nechaev – 8	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Moshkarkin {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Rzhevtsev
1952		10	13	3	6	4	11	15	12	W	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Nechaev – 3 {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Gabichvadze – 3	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Maslov
1953		3	20	11	3	6	24	24	25	QF	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Vatskevich – 9	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Maslov {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} N. Morozov
1954		9	24	8	6	10	34	34	22	R16	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Vatskevich – 9	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} N. Morozov
1955		4	22	10	8	4	39	32	28	R16	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Streltsov – 15	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} N. Morozov
1956		5	22	8	7	7	40	37	23	—	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov – 13	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Beskov
1957		2	22	11	6	5	46	23	28	SF	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov – 14	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Maslov
1958		7	22	7	8	7	51	42	22	RU	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov – 14	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Maslov
1959		5	22	11	3	8	27	23	25	—	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Falin – 7	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Maslov
1960		1	30	20	5	5	56	25	45	W	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Gusarov – 12	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Maslov
1961		2	30	19	3	8	68	35	41	RU	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Gusarov – 22	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Maslov
1962		7	32	15	8	9	64	32	48	QF	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Gusarov – 15	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Zharkov
1963		10	38	12	16	10	46	41	40	R16	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov – 17	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Zolotov {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} N. Morozov
1964		2	33	19	8	6	53	23	46	R32	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov – 14	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Zolotov
1965		1	32	22	7	3	55	21	51	R32	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Streltsov – 12	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Maryenko
1966		6	36	15	10	11	55	39	40	RU	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Streltsov – 12	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Maryenko
1967		12	36	12	9	15	38	47	33	QF	EC	R32	4 players – 6	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} N. Morozov {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1968		3	38	18	4	6	60	32	50	W	CWC	QF	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Streltsov – 21	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1969		5	32	13	10	9	36	27	36	QF	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Pais – 8	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1970		6	32	12	10	10	36	38	34	QF	CWC	R32	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} G. Shalimov – 6	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1971		7	30	4	20	6	27	27	28	SF	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Pais – 6	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Maslov
1972		9	30	11	9	10	31	33	31	W	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Y. Smirnov – 12	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Maslov
1973		13	30	9	1+7	13	28	37	19	R32	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Y. Smirnov – 8	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Maslov {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1974		4	30	13	7	10	35	28	33	R16	CWC	R32	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Nikonov – 12	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1975		4	30	13	8	9	42	33	34	R32	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Khrabrostin – 7	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1976		12	15	5	4	6	15	20	14	R16	UC	R16	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Degterev – 5 {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Sergey V. Grishin – 5	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov	Spring tourn.
1976		1	15	9	2	4	20	9	20	R16	UC	R16	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Khrabrostin – 5 {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Sakharov – 5	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov	Autumn tourn.
1977		3	30	12	13	5	30	23	37	RU	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} 4 players – 4	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1978		8	30	11	11	8	36	29	30	SF	EC	R32	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Khrabrostin – 7	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1979		16	34	8	9	17	32	46	24	Qual.	UC	R32	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} N. Vasilyev – 14	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Salkov
1980		11	34	10	11	13	28	32	30	QF	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Redkous – 7	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Salkov
1981		5	34	14	14	6	41	29	38	Qual.	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Petrakov – 10	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1982		8	34	11	12	11	36	33	32	RU	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Redkous – 12	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1983		6	34	14	11	9	40	34	38	R16	CWC	R32	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Petrakov – 11	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1984		6	34	15	10	9	43	36	40	QF	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Redkous – 14	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1985		5	34	13	10	11	42	40	36	R16	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Kobzev – 9	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1986		9	30	10	11	9	31	28	30	W	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Y. Savichev – 12	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1987		4	30	12	12	6	35	25	34	QF	CWC	QF	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Y. Savichev – 10	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1988		3	30	17	8	5	39	23	42	RU	—		{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Grechnev – 9 {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} A. Rudakov – 9	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1989		5	30	11	13	6	40	26	35	RU	UC	R64	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Grechnev – 11 {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Y. Savichev – 11	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1990		4	24	13	4	7	28	24	30	QF	CWC	R16	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Y. Savichev – 8	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov
1991		3	30	13	10	7	36	20	36	RU	UC	QF	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Tishkov – 8	{{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} V. Ivanov {{flagicon\|Soviet Union}} Skomorokhov

{{flagicon|Russia}} Russia

European campaigns

Current squad

Notable players

Had international caps for their respective countries. Players whose name is listed in bold represented their countries while playing for Torpedo.

Player records

Most appearances

Most goals scored

Coaches

Reserve squad

Torpedo's reserve squad played professionally as FC Torpedo-d Moscow (Russian Second League in 1992–93, Russian Third League in 1994–95), FC Torpedo-Luzhniki-d Moscow (Russian Third League in 1996–97) and FC Torpedo-2 Moscow (Russian Second Division in 1998–2000).