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词条 FirstEnergy Stadium
释义

  1. History

  2. Facility

     Renovations  Stadium naming  Services 

  3. Other events

     Soccer  Concerts 

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. External links

{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2019}}{{other uses}}{{Infobox venue
| stadium_name = FirstEnergy Stadium
| nickname =
| logo_image = FirstEnergy Stadium logo.svg
| image = {{Photomontage
|photo1a=FirstEnergy Stadium panorama 2016.jpg
|photo2a=FirstEnergy Stadium exterior 2016.jpg
|size=275
|position=center
|color= #FFFFFF
|border=0
}}
| caption = Interior and exterior views in 2016
| address = 100 Alfred Lerner Way
| location = Cleveland, Ohio
| coordinates = {{coord|41|30|22|N|81|41|58|W|region:US_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| broke_ground = May 15, 1997
| opened = September 12, 1999
| owner = City of Cleveland
| operator = Cleveland Browns
| surface = Kentucky Bluegrass[1]
| architect = HOK Sport[2]
Robert P. Madison International, Inc.[3]
Ralph Tyler Companies[4]
| project_manager = The Project Group[5]
| structural engineer = Osborn Engineering[6]
| services engineer = URS Corporation[7]
| general_contractor = Huber, Hunt & Nichols
| record_attendance = 73,718 (November 3, 2002 vs. Steelers)
| tenants = Cleveland Browns (NFL) (1999–present)
| publictransit = {{rail-interchange|cleveland}} West Third
| pushpin_map = United States Cleveland#Ohio#USA
| pushpin_mapsize =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Cleveland##Location in Ohio##Location in the United States
| construction_cost = $283 million
(${{formatprice|{{Inflation|US|283000000|1999}}}} in {{Inflation-year|US}} dollars{{inflation-fn|US}})[8]
| former_names = Cleveland Browns Stadium (1999–2013)
| seating_capacity = 67,895
| suites = 143
}}FirstEnergy Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Cleveland, Ohio, United States, primarily for American football. It is the home field of the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL), and serves as a venue for other events such as college and high school football, soccer, and concerts. It opened in 1999 as Cleveland Browns Stadium and was renovated in two phases in early 2014 and 2015. The initial seating capacity was listed at 73,200 people, but following the first phase of the renovation project in 2014, seating capacity was reduced to 67,431. Since 2017, capacity is listed at 67,895. The stadium sits on {{convert|31|acre}} of land between Lake Erie and the Cleveland Memorial Shoreway in the North Coast Harbor area of downtown Cleveland, adjacent to the Great Lakes Science Center and Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. The site was previously the location of Cleveland Stadium from 1931 to 1996.[9][10]

History

{{See also|Cleveland Browns relocation controversy}}

FirstEnergy Stadium is located on the site of Cleveland Stadium, commonly called Cleveland Municipal Stadium, a multipurpose facility built in 1931 that served as the Browns' home field from their inception in 1946 through the 1995 season. During the 1995 season, owner Art Modell announced his plans to move the team to Baltimore, which resulted in legal action from the city of Cleveland and Browns season ticket holders. The day after the announcement was made, voters in Cuyahoga County approved an extension of the original 1990 sin tax on alcohol and tobacco products to fund renovations to Cleveland Stadium.[11] Eventually, as part of the agreement between Modell, the city of Cleveland, and the NFL, the city agreed to tear down Cleveland Stadium and build a new stadium on the same site using the sin tax funds. Modell agreed to leave the Browns name, colors, and history in Cleveland and create a new identity for his franchise, eventually becoming the Baltimore Ravens, while the NFL agreed to reactivate the Browns by 1999 through expansion or relocation of another team. Demolition on the old stadium began in November 1996 and was completed in early 1997. Debris from the former stadium was submerged in Lake Erie and now serves as an artificial reef.

Ground was broken for the new stadium on May 15, 1997, and it opened in July 1999. The first event was a preseason game between the Browns and the Minnesota Vikings on August 21, followed the next week by a preseason game against the Chicago Bears. The first regular-season Browns game at the stadium was played the evening of September 12, 1999, a 43–0 loss to the Pittsburgh Steelers.[12]

Since 2011, the stadium has been referred to by some as the "Factory of Sadness", a name that was first coined that year by comedian and Browns fan Mike Polk. Polk made a video outside the stadium in which he complains about the team's futility.[13] Through the 2018 season, FirstEnergy Stadium is the only NFL venue that has yet to host a postseason game of any kind. The Browns are one of five teams who have yet to host a home playoff game in their respective stadium, along with the Atlanta Falcons, San Francisco 49ers, Detroit Lions, and New York Jets. These teams, however, have hosted the Super Bowl at their respective stadiums, while the Jets' home, MetLife Stadium, has also hosted a New York Giants home playoff game.

Facility

The stadium was designed by Populous, which was known at the time as the Sport Venue Event Division of Hellmuth, Obata & Kassabaum (HOK). Indianapolis-based Huber, Hunt & Nichols was the construction manager. The stadium is a concrete and glass structure, using precast concrete and cast in-place for the upper concourse. Natural stone accents were used at the base of the stadium. The construction of the concrete superstructure took more than 6,000 truckloads of concrete, or the equivalent of {{convert|60000|cuyd|m3}}, with a weight of approximately {{convert|235000000|lbs|kg}}.

The playing surface is a Kentucky Bluegrass irrigated field, with a sand-soil root zone and an underground heating system that involves nine boilers and 40 miles of underground piping. The heating system prevents the field from freezing and extends the growing season of the turf.[1] Although it was designed for football, the playing surface was built large enough to accommodate international soccer matches.

The eastern seating section is the home of the Dawg Pound, a section of bleacher seats. It was designed as a successor to the original Dawg Pound at Cleveland Stadium, the bleacher section also located in the east end zone. When FirstEnergy Stadium opened in 1999, the Dawg Pound was a 10,644, double-deck area. During stadium renovations in 2014, the upper level of the Dawg Pound was reduced to make way for a new, larger scoreboard, auxiliary scoreboard, and additional fan areas, and the bleacher seating in the upper level was replaced with chairbacks.[14]

Renovations

In 2013, Browns owner Jimmy Haslam announced a modernization project for FirstEnergy Stadium. The project included two phases that took place during the NFL offseasons in 2014 and 2015. Phase one included improving the audio system, installing new scoreboards three times the size of the original scoreboards and at the time the 4th largest in a NFL stadium, and adding more seats to the lower bowl.[15] Phase two included concession improvements, upgrades to technology connectivity, graphics throughout the stadium, and enhancing the premium suites. The renovations reduced the stadium's capacity to approximately 68,000.[16] The total cost of the renovations was estimated at $120 million with the city of Cleveland paying $30 million over 15 years and the Browns covering the rest of the cost.[17]

Stadium naming

The city specifically chose not to sell the naming rights to the stadium itself, which is highly unusual for major American stadiums built in recent years. However, it instead sold the naming rights to each of the facility's four main entrance gates. Originally, the gates were named for National City Bank, Steris Corp., CoreComm Inc., and the Cleveland Clinic Sports Health.[18] The arrangement was later discontinued, though has since been partially restored. As of the 2018 season, the southwest gate is not sponsored, while the southeast gate is sponsored by and named for University Hospitals of Cleveland, the northeast gate by Cree Inc., and the northwest gate by Fifth Third Bank.[19][20] The stadium is sometimes referred to as the "Factory of Sadness," due to the Browns' recent period of futility.

Randy Lerner sold the Browns to Jimmy Haslam, CEO of truck stop chain Pilot Flying J, in August 2012. Before the deal officially closed in October 2012, Haslam announced he would sell the stadium's naming rights. Haslam effectively ruled out his family business as buying the naming rights, mentioning that he had received offers for the naming rights, and that none of them are based in his home state of Tennessee.[21][22] On January 14, 2013, it was reported that the naming rights were sold to FirstEnergy Corporation, the Akron-based electric utility serving most of northeastern Ohio.[23] The Browns announced the following day that the stadium would be renamed "FirstEnergy Stadium, Home of the Cleveland Browns", with the deal getting official Cleveland City Council approval on February 15, 2013.[24] Though naming rights belong to FirstEnergy Corporation through 2029, the stadium itself is actually serviced by Cleveland Public Power.[25]

Services

The stadium does not have public parking facilities. However, there are several adjacent parking facilities: the Port Authority visitors lot, the West 3rd Street parking lot, and the Great Lakes Science Center parking garage. Additionally, the West 3rd Street station of Cleveland's Waterfront light rail line serves the stadium.

Other events

In addition to home games for the Browns, the stadium hosts other events during the year, including college football, high school football, and international soccer, along with occasional concerts. The Ohio Classic, a college football game, was held there in both 2004 and 2005. In September 2006, it hosted the game between the Bowling Green Falcons and Wisconsin Badgers, which had an announced attendance of 30,307 people.[26] From 2007 through 2009, the stadium hosted an event known as the Patriot Bowl, a season-opening game intended to showcase teams from the Mid-American Conference. The first Patriot Bowl featured the Army Black Knights and Akron Zips and drew 17,835 fans.[27] The following season, Boston College defeated Kent State in the second Patriot Bowl on August 30, 2008 in front of 10,788 people.[28] The third and final Patriot Bowl game was between the Ohio State Buckeyes and Toledo Rockets. While the game was considered a home game for Toledo, the crowd of 71,727 was mostly Ohio State fans.[29][30]

It has hosted numerous high school football games, including playoff games of the Ohio High School Athletic Association (OHSAA) tournament.[31] In June 2010, the Browns announced that four area powerhouses would play in doubleheader named the High School Football Charity Game. The games were played on August 28, 2010.[32] Most recently it hosted the rivalry game between two of the Cleveland area's largest parochial schools, St. Ignatius High School and St. Edward High School, in October 2016, which had 17,400 fans in attendance.[33]

Soccer

FirstEnergy Stadium is a periodic host for both the United States men's (USMNT) and women's national soccer (USWNT) teams. The stadium hosted a game between the USMNT and Venezuela in the run-up to the 2006 FIFA World Cup and a game in 2013 against Belgium that drew 27,720 fans.[34] The USWNT has played at the stadium on two occasions, the most recent being in 2016. It hosted a friendly against Germany in 2010 and the second leg of a friendly series with Japan in 2016. The game against Japan had 23,535 fans in attendance, the largest crowd to see the USWNT play in Ohio.[35] CONCACAF announced in December 2016 that FirstEnergy Stadium would host games in the group stage of the 2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup, with the USMNT playing at the stadium July 15, 2017 against Nicaragua as part of a doubleheader that also included Panama and Martinique. Both Panama and the United States won their respective matches by a score of 3–0.[36][37][38] The stadium hosted the USWNT again on June 12, 2018, in a game against China, won by the U.S. 2–1.[39][40]

Concerts

A limited number of concerts have been held at FirstEnergy Stadium since it opened. The first concert held in the stadium was George Strait in 2000, followed in 2001 by NSYNC, as part of their PopOdyssey Tour, and The Three Tenors. Kenny Chesney has performed at the stadium on three occasions. His Flip-Flop Summer Tour came to Cleveland in 2007, followed by The Poets and Pirates Tour in 2008, and the Brothers of the Sun Tour in 2012. In 2015, the stadium was part of the circuits for One Direction and their On the Road Again Tour as well as Luke Bryan and his Kick the Dust Up Tour.[41] U2 performed at FirstEnergy Stadium July 1, 2017 as part of The Joshua Tree Tour 2017. Tickets for the concert went on sale January 17 and were sold out the following day.[42] Concerts held at the stadium in 2018 included Taylor Swift in Taylor Swift's Reputation Stadium Tour on July 17, followed by Beyoncé and Jay-Z on July 25 as part of their On the Run II Tour.[43][44]

See also

{{portal|Cleveland}}
  • Chronology of home stadiums for current National Football League teams
  • List of American football stadiums by capacity
  • List of U.S. stadiums by capacity
  • List of North American stadiums by capacity
{{Clear}}

References

1. ^1 {{cite news |url=https://www.si.com/nfl/2015/10/01/nfl-stadium-turf-grass-rankings |title=Turf time: Which stadiums have the best and worst fields in the NFL? |magazine=Sports Illustrated |date=September 29, 2015 |author=Newcomb, Tim |accessdate=November 2, 2016}}
2. ^{{cite web |title=Stadia Architectural Design |url=http://populous.com/projects/type/stadia/ |publisher=Populous |year=2016 |accessdate=November 2, 2016}}
3. ^{{cite web |title=History |url=http://www.rpmadison.com/office/ |publisher=Robert P. Madison International, Inc. |accessdate=November 2, 2016 |year=2016}}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.thehistorymakers.com/biography/ralph-tyler-41 |title=Ralph Tyler |work=The History Makers |year=2016 |accessdate=November 2, 2016}}
5. ^{{cite book |url=http://www.teamweston.com/pdf/PC%20Sports%209.pdf |title=Cleveland Browns Stadium |year=1999 |format=PDF |accessdate=November 2, 2016 |publisher=Weston, Inc.}}
6. ^{{cite web |title=Osborn Engineering Co. |url=http://ech.cwru.edu/ech-cgi/article.pl?id=OEC |work=The Encyclopedia of Cleveland History |publisher=Case Western Reserve University |year=2016 |accessdate=November 2, 2016}}
7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bxmagazine.com/article.asp?ID=399 |title=A strong local presence |work=BXMagazine.com |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080313134005/http://www.bxmagazine.com/article.asp?ID=399 |archivedate=March 13, 2008 |df= }}
8. ^{{cite web |url=http://football.ballparks.com/NFL/ClevelandBrowns/index.htm |title=Cleveland Browns Stadium |publisher=Ballparks.com |accessdate=October 30, 2012}}
9. ^{{cite book |title=2016 Official NFL Record and Fact Book |url=http://www.nfl.com/static/content/public/photo/2015/07/21/0ap3000000502939.pdf#page=58 |year=2014 |publisher=National Football League |page=58 |accessdate=February 8, 2016}}
10. ^{{cite web |title=About Us |url=http://firstenergystadium.com/stadium-info/about-us/ |year=2017 |accessdate=July 6, 2017 |publisher=FirstEnergy Stadium}}
11. ^{{cite news |title=PRO FOOTBALL DAILY REPORT : AFC : Tax Measure Passes Easily in Cleveland |url=http://articles.latimes.com/1995-11-08/sports/sp-668_1_cleveland-browns |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=November 8, 1995 |accessdate=September 19, 2016}}
12. ^{{cite web |title=Cleveland Browns - 1999 |url=http://www.clevelandbrowns.com/team/history/year-by-year-results/1999.html |publisher=Cleveland Browns |year=2015 |accessdate=December 9, 2015}}
13. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.cleveland.com/browns/index.ssf/2011/11/cleveland_browns_fans_growing.html | title=Are Cleveland Browns fans at last growing weary of their NFL 'factory of sadness'? | publisher=Cleveland.com | work=The Plain Dealer | date=November 11, 2011 | accessdate=December 1, 2015}}
14. ^{{cite news |title=Cleveland Browns announce FirstEnergy Stadium renovations are on time and on budget |url=http://www.cleveland.com/browns/index.ssf/2014/06/sneak_peek_at_firstenergy_stad.html |author=Moore, Glenn |date=June 16, 2014 |newspaper=Thye Plain Dealer |accessdate=November 2, 2016}}
15. ^{{cite web |title=Alec Scheiner Outlines FirstEnergy Stadium Renovation|url=http://www.ohio.com/blogs/cleveland-browns/cleveland-browns-1.270107/video-browns-president-alec-scheiner-outlines-firstenergy-stadium-renovation-during-media-tour-1.496420|publisher=Akron Beacon Journal|accessdate=June 18, 2014}}
16. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.cleveland.com/browns/index.ssf/2013/11/cleveland_browns_renovations_f.html |title=Cleveland Browns reveal 2-year FirstEnergy Stadium modernization proposal |date=November 13, 2013 |work=Cleveland.com |accessdate=November 2, 2016}}
17. ^{{cite news |title=Cleveland City Council approves financing for upgrades to FirstEnergy Stadium |url=http://www.cleveland.com/cityhall/index.ssf/2013/11/cleveland_city_council_approve_5.html |date=November 25, 2016 |author=Atassi, Leila |work=Cleveland.com |accessdate=November 2, 2016}}
18. ^{{cite news |first=Eric|last=Mitchell|title=Browns not selling stadium naming rights, but gates are another story|url=http://www.sportsbusinessdaily.com/Journal/Issues/1999/07/19990705/No-Topic-Name/Browns-Not-Selling-Stadium-Naming-Rights-But-Gates-Are-Another-Story.aspx|work=Sports Business Journal|date=July 5, 1999|accessdate=October 21, 2012}}
19. ^{{cite map|title=Cleveland Browns 2016 Stadium Seating Guide |year=2016 |format=PDF |publisher=Cleveland Browns |accessdate=September 19, 2016}}
20. ^{{cite news |title=Browns vs. Bills: Need to Know Game Day Information |url=https://www.clevelandbrowns.com/news/2018-cleveland-browns-preseason-gameday-information |date=August 16, 2018 |work=ClevelandBrowns.com |publisher=Cleveland Browns |accessdate=September 10, 2018 |quote=New in 2018, Browns fans will pass through the Fifth Third Bank Gate when entering FirstEnergy Stadium from the northwest corner.}}
21. ^{{cite news |title=Pilot won't buy naming rights for FirstEnergy Stadium |url=http://www.newsnet5.com/dpp/sports/football/browns/pilot-wont-buy-naming-rights-for-cleveland-browns-stadium |publisher=Newsnet5.com |accessdate=October 19, 2012}}
22. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.cspnet.com/news/corporate/articles/update-pilot-flying-js-haslam-buys-cleveland-browns |title=UPDATE: Pilot Flying J's Haslam Buys Cleveland Browns |publisher=Cspnet.com |accessdate=October 19, 2012}}
23. ^{{cite news |url= http://espn.go.com/nfl/story/_/id/8844636/cleveland-browns-sell-stadium-naming-rights-according-reports |title=Browns to sell stadium naming rights |work=ESPN.com |author=Associated Press |date=January 14, 2013 |accessdate=January 15, 2013}}
24. ^{{cite news |author=Naymik, Mark|date=March 8, 2013|title=Browns owner Jimmy Haslam has spell over football fans and politicians alike |url=http://www.cleveland.com/naymik/index.ssf/2013/03/browns_owner_jimmy_haslam_has.html |newspaper=The Plain Dealer |publisher=Cleveland Live LLC |accessdate=May 6, 2013 |quote=Sweeney let the naming-rights deal pass on Feb. 15...}}
25. ^{{cite news |title=Mike Polensek says utility First Energy will have its name on a stadium powered by the city's electric company |url=http://www.politifact.com/ohio/statements/2013/jan/22/mike-polensek/mike-polensek-says-utility-first-energy-will-have-/ |date=January 22, 2013 |author=Feran, Tom |work=Politifact Ohio |accessdate=November 2, 2016}}
26. ^{{cite news |title=Wisconsin waltzes past Bowling Green to kick off post-Alvarez era |url=http://www.espn.com/college-football/game?gameId=262450189 |date=September 2, 2006 |work=ESPN.com |publisher=Associated Press |accessdate=November 1, 2016}}
27. ^{{cite news |title=Zips 22, Black Knights 14 |url=http://www.espn.com/college-football/recap?gameId=272442006 |date=September 2, 2007 |work=ESPN.com |publisher=Associated Press |accessdate=November 1, 2016}}
28. ^{{cite news |title=Eagles Flash Their Potential in Opening Win|first=Mark|last=Blaudschun|url=http://www.boston.com/sports/articles/2008/08/31/eagles_flash_their_potential_in_opening_win/|newspaper=The Boston Globe|date=August 31, 2008|accessdate=September 2, 2008}}
29. ^{{cite news |title=Donation rule will mean Ohio State fans at rare Cleveland game will be Toledo boosters, too |url=http://www.cleveland.com/osu/index.ssf/2009/03/donation_rule_will_mean_ohio_s.html |newspaper=The Plain Dealer |date=March 4, 2009 |author=Lesmerises, Doug |accessdate=November 1, 2016}}
30. ^{{cite news |title=Pryor, Ohio State feast on Toledo's porous defense |url=http://espn.go.com/college-football/recap?gameId=292622649 |work=ESPN.com |date=September 19, 2009 |accessdate=March 4, 2016}}
31. ^{{cite news |author=Tilton, Bill |date=June 10, 2010 |url=http://www.news-herald.com/articles/2010/06/10/sports/nh2617297.txt |title=High school football: Mentor will play St. Edward at Browns Stadium |newspaper=The News-Herald |accessdate=July 11, 2010}}
32. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.clevelandbrowns.com/news/article-1/Browns-to-host-Charity-Game/be2335b4-00da-4020-afed-b633e4489b44 |title=Browns to host Charity Game |publisher=Cleveland Browns |date=June 22, 2010 |accessdate=July 11, 2010}}
33. ^{{cite news |title=St. Ignatius, St. Edward play at FirstEnergy Stadium on beautiful Saturday night |url=http://www.clevelandbrowns.com/news/article-5/St-Ignatius-St-Edward-play-at-FirstEnergy-Stadium-on-beautiful-Saturday-night/3ba61200-e9d9-4984-b2de-64fdf2487218 |date=October 29, 2016 |publisher=Cleveland Browns |accessdate=November 1, 2016}}
34. ^{{cite news |title=Cleveland shines even as USMNT does not |url=http://waitingfornextyear.com/2013/05/cleveland-shines-even-as-usmnt-does-not/ |date=May 2013 |author=Lyndall, Craig |work=WaitingForNextYear |accessdate=November 1, 2016}}
35. ^{{cite news |title=FirstEnergy Stadium hosts USWNT's 2-0 victory over Japan |url=http://www.dawgsbynature.com/2016/6/5/11863254/firstenergy-stadium-hosts-uswnts-2-0-victory-over-japan |date=June 5, 2016 |author=Pokorny, Chris |work=DawgsByNature |accessdate=November 1, 2016}}
36. ^{{cite news |title=CONCACAF announce 2017 Gold Cup venues, USA and Mexico group schedule |url=http://www.mlssoccer.com/post/2016/12/19/concacaf-announce-2017-gold-cup-venues-usa-and-mexico-group-schedule |date=December 19, 2016 |author=Stejskal, Stan |work=MLSSoccer.com |accessdate=December 20, 2016}}
37. ^{{cite news |title=2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup: Games and TV times |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/2017/07/07/2017-concacaf-gold-cup-tv-times-games/457977001/ |newspaper=USA Today |date=July 7, 2017 |accessdate=July 10, 2017}}
38. ^{{cite news |title=U.S. defeats Nicaragua, captures Group B title Share |url=http://www.goldcup.org/en/gold-cup/game-detail/393994#tab_match%3Drecap |date=July 16, 2017 |accessdate=July 17, 2017 |publisher=CONCACAF}}
39. ^{{cite news |title=U.S. Women's National Team vs. China PR |url=https://www.ussoccer.com/schedule-tickets/20180612-us-wnt-vs-china-pr |year=2018 |accessdate=May 16, 2018 |publisher=United States Soccer Federation}}
40. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2018/06/13/02/23/20180612-recap-wnt-rapinoe-heath-goals-lift-usa-2-1-win-vs-china-series-sweep-in-cleveland|title=Rapinoe, Heath Goals Lift WNT 2-1, USA Completes Sweep of China PR in Cleveland|publisher=United States Soccer Federation|date=June 12, 2018|language=en|accessdate=August 20, 2018}}
41. ^{{cite news |title=Why aren't more non-Browns events held at FirstEnergy Stadium? |url=http://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/index.ssf/2017/01/why_arent_there_more_non-brown.html |author=Cooley, Patrick |work=Cleveland.com |date=January 19, 2017 |accessdate=January 19, 2017}}
42. ^{{cite news |title=U2's FirstEnergy Stadium show sells out, resale demand soars |url=http://www.cleveland.com/entertainment/index.ssf/2017/01/u2s_firstenergy_stadium_show_s.html |date=January 18, 2017 |accessdate=January 19, 2017 |work=Cleveland.com |author=Smith, Troy L.}}
43. ^{{cite news |title=Taylor Swift concert tour coming to Cleveland's FirstEnergy Stadium in 2018 |url=http://www.cleveland19.com/story/36829305/taylor-swift-concert-tour-coming-to-clevelands-firstenergy-stadium-in-2018 |author=Anderson, Chris |work=Cleveland19.com |date=November 14, 2017 |accessdate=January 5, 2018}}
44. ^{{cite web |title=Event Calendar |url=http://firstenergystadium.com/events/event-calendar/ |work=FirstEnergyStadium.com |year=2018 |accessdate=March 17, 2018}}

External links

{{commons category}}
  • {{Official website|http://www.firstenergystadium.com}}
  • FirstEnergy Stadium at StadiumDB.com
{{s-start}}{{succession box
| title = Home of the
Cleveland Browns
| years = 1999 – present
| before = Cleveland Stadium
| after = current
}}{{end}}{{NFL Stadiums}}{{Cleveland Browns}}{{2017 CONCACAF Gold Cup stadiums}}{{2019 CONCACAF Gold Cup stadiums}}{{Cleveland}}

11 : American football venues in Ohio|Cleveland Browns stadiums|National Football League venues|Sports venues in Cleveland|Sports venues completed in 1999|FirstEnergy|Music venues in Cleveland|Soccer venues in Ohio|1999 establishments in Ohio|CONCACAF Gold Cup stadiums|Downtown Cleveland
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