1. History

2. Modern patterns

3. Variants

4. Users
    Non-State Actors 

5. References

Flecktarn ({{IPA-de|ˈflɛktaʁn}}; "mottled camouflage"; also known as Flecktarnmuster or Fleckentarn) is a family of 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-color disruptive camouflage patterns, the most common being the five-color pattern, consisting of dark green, light green, black, red brown and green brown or tan depending on the manufacturer. The original German 5-color pattern was designed for use in European temperate woodland terrain. A 3-color variation called Tropentarn (formerly Wüstentarn) is intended for arid and desert conditions: the German Bundeswehr wore it in Afghanistan.

The original German 5-color flecktarn has been adopted, copied and modified by many countries for their own camouflage patterns.

History

The German Army started experimenting with camouflage patterns before World War II, and some army units used Splittermuster ("splinter pattern") camouflage, first issued in 1931.^[2] Waffen-SS combat units used various patterns from 1935 onwards. Many SS camouflage patterns were designed by Prof. Johann Georg Otto Schick.^[3]

Modern patterns

In 1976, the Bundeswehr in Germany developed a number of prototype camouflage patterns, to be trialled as replacements for the solid olive-grey "moleskin" combat uniform. At least four distinct camouflage patterns were tested during Bundeswehr Truppenversuch 76 ("Bundeswehr Troop Trial 76"). These were based on patterns in nature:^[2] one was called "Dots" or "Points"; another was called "Ragged Leaf" or "Saw Tooth Edge"; another was based on pine needles in winter.^[2]

Designed by the German company Marquardt & Schulz, several patterns were developed and tested by the German military. The pattern named "Flecktarn B" was chosen as the final pattern for use. The word flecktarn is a composite formed from the German words Fleck (spot, blot, patch or pattern) and Tarnung (camouflage). The Bundeswehr kept its green combat dress throughout the 1980s, however, while trials were conducted. Flecktarn was only widely introduced in 1990 in a newly reunited Germany.^[2]

In Germany, the Flecktarn camouflage pattern is used by all Bundeswehr service branches, the Heer (army), the Luftwaffe (air force), some Marine (navy) units and even the Sanitätsdienst (medical service). Its official name is 5 Farben-Tarndruck der Bundeswehr (5-color camouflage print of the Bundeswehr). This temperate Flecktarn 5-color scheme consists of 15% light green, 20% light olive, 35% dark green, 20% brown and 10% black.^[4] It is also used by snipers of the Österreichisches Bundesheer (Federal Army of Austria) and Belgian Air Force ground personnel and airborne infantry. Albania used 5-color German flecktarn while participating in IFOR in Bosnia in 1996.^[5]{{Better source|reason=Just photos only. Strongly recommend a textual reference too.|date=August 2018}} France tested Flecktarn for use, but rejected it; the Dutch army also tested and rejected it, allegedly because it was "too aggressive".^[2] Flecktarn was seen as controversial because of its resemblance to the Waffen-SS "peas" and "oak leaves" patterns, which also used dots in various colors.^[2]

Variants

In 2013, the German company Mil-Tec introduced a new version of Flecktarn, called the Arid Flecktarn. It retains the 5-color pattern but with the colour scheme resembling that of MultiCam.^[8] It remains a commercial variant and is not in use by any world military.

Users

• {{flag|Germany}}: Used by Bundeswehr.^[6]
• {{flag|Ukraine}}: Used by some Ukrainian forces including
  • Azov Regiment^[1]
  • Donbas Battalion^[9]
  • Bohdan Company^[10]
  • Ivano-Frankivsk Battalion^[11]
  • Kherson Company^[12]
  • Sicheslav Company^[13]
  • Skif Battalion^[14]
  • Sumy Company^[15]
  • Shtorm Battalion^[16]
  • Chernihiv Company^[17]
  • Dnipro-1 Regiment^[18]
  • Mykolaiv Battalion^[19]
  • Poltava Battalion^[20]
  • Vinnytsya-2 Company^[21]
  • Luhansk-1 Battalion^[22]
  • Lviv Battalion^[23]
  • Myrotvorets Regiment^[24]
  • Kyiv Regiment^[25]
  • Lavender Company^[26]
  • Kharkiv Battalion^[27]
  • 1st Assault Company^[28]

Non-State Actors

• Atomwaffen Division^[29]

References

• John Wilson (Yorkshire cricketer)
• John Wilton (British diplomat)
• John Wilton (MP)
• John Wiltshire
• John Wiltshire (actor)
• John Wimpenny
• John Wimpole
• John Winchcombe (disambiguation)
• John Wind
• John Windebank
• John Windham
• John Windle
• John Windows
• John Windsor
• John Winfield Bonser
• John Wingfield Malcolm
• John Wingfield (MP)
• John Wingfield (priest)
• John Winkin
• John Winnett
• John Winslow (1597–1674)
• John Winstanley
• John Winstead House
• John Winter (architect)
• John Winter (cricketer)