| 词条 | Fortnum & Mason |
| 释义 |
| name = Fortnum & Mason | logo = Fortnum & Mason logo.jpg | image = Fortnum and Mason.jpg | type = Privately held company | foundation = {{Start date and age|df=yes|1707}} | founder = William Fortnum Hugh Mason | location_city = Piccadilly London, {{postcode|W|1}} United Kingdom | locations = 3 | area_served = United Kingdom Dubai Worldwide (via stockists and online) | key_people = Chairman: Kate Hobhouse CEO: Ewan Venters | industry = Retail | products = Luxury goods | services = | market cap = | revenue = | operating_income = | net_income = | aum = | assets = | equity = | owner = | num_employees = 708 (2016) [1] | parent = Wittington Investments Ltd | divisions = | subsid = | homepage = fortnumandmason.com | footnotes = | intl = }}{{distinguish|Fortum}}{{Use British English|date=January 2012}} Fortnum & Mason (colloquially often shortened to just "Fortnum's") is an upmarket department store in Piccadilly, London, with additional stores at St Pancras railway station and Heathrow Airport in London, as well as various stockists worldwide. Its headquarters are located at 181 Piccadilly, where it was established in 1707 by William Fortnum and Hugh Mason. Today, it is privately owned by Wittington Investments Ltd. Founded as a grocery store, Fortnum's reputation was built on supplying quality food, and saw rapid growth throughout the Victorian era. Though Fortnum's developed into a department store, it continues to focus on stocking a variety of exotic, speciality and also 'basic' provisions.[2] The store has since opened several other departments, such as the Gentlemen's department on the third floor. It is also the location of a tea shop and several restaurants. HistoryWilliam Fortnum was a footman in the household of Queen Anne. The royal family’s insistence on having new candles every night resulted in large amounts of half-used wax, which Fortnum promptly resold for a tidy profit. The enterprising Fortnum also had a sideline business as a grocer. He convinced his landlord, Hugh Mason, to be his associate, and they founded the first Fortnum & Mason store in Mason's small shop in St James's Market in 1707. In 1761, William Fortnum's grandson Charles went into the service of Queen Charlotte and the affiliation with the royal court led to an increase in business. Fortnum & Mason claims to have invented the Scotch egg in 1738.[3][4] The store began to stock speciality items, namely ready-to-eat luxury meals such as fresh poultry or game served in aspic jelly.[5] During the Napoleonic Wars, the emporium supplied dried fruit, spices and other preserves to British officers and during the Victorian era it was frequently called upon to provide food for prestigious court functions. Queen Victoria even sent shipments of Fortnum & Mason's concentrated beef tea to Florence Nightingale's hospitals during the Crimean War.[6] Charles Drury Edward Fortnum F.S.A. (1820–1899), of the family, was a distinguished art collector and a Trustee of the British Museum, to which he donated his collection of Islamic ceramics.[7]In 1886, after having bought the entire stock of five cases of a new product made by H. J. Heinz, Fortnum & Mason became the first store in Britain to stock tins of baked beans.[6] In April 1951, the Canadian businessman W. Garfield Weston acquired the store and became its chairman following a boardroom coup.[8] In 1964, he commissioned a four-ton clock to be installed above the main entrance of the store as a tribute to its founders. Every hour, {{convert|4|ft|m|adj=mid|-high}} models of William Fortnum and Hugh Mason emerge and bow to each other, with chimes and 18th-century–style music playing in the background. Since Garfield Weston's death in 1978, the store has been run by his granddaughters, Jana Khayat and Kate Weston Hobhouse. The Managing Director is Ewan Venters. The store underwent a £24 million refurbishment in 2007 as part of its tercentenary celebrations.[9] In March 2012, the Queen, Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge made their first official joint visit to Fortnum & Mason. During this visit, they were each presented with their own personalized hampers. [10] The Queen opened the Diamond Jubilee Tea Salon on the fourth floor. In November 2013, an additional store was opened at St Pancras International station, the first new store in the UK.[11] Fortnum & Mason opened its first standalone store outside Britain in Dubai on 21 March 2014. ControversyIn November 2010, animal rights group PETA UK began a campaign against Fortnum & Mason’s sale of foie gras citing the "cruelty" in the production process. The group regularly holds demonstrations involving celebrities, activists and volunteers outside the store. Celebrities supporting the campaign include Geezer Butler, Sir Roger Moore,[12] Owain Yeoman,[13] Tamara Ecclestone,[14] Bill Oddie,[15] Twiggy[16] and Morrissey.[17] Fortnum & Mason has recently been reprimanded by Westminster Trading Standards for misleading customers about its animal welfare standards.[18] As a result, the grocer has changed its corporate social responsibility document to state that only UK suppliers are required to adhere to its welfare standards. On 26 March 2011, Fortnum & Mason was targeted by the group UK Uncut, who broke off from the main 2011 anti-cuts protest march to target the tax avoidance policies of Associated British Foods, which, like Fortnum & Mason, is owned by Wittington Investments.[19] This took the form of a mass sit-in, with some 138 UK Uncut protesters being arrested.[20] Fortnum's London Dry GinOn 14 November 2014, Fortnum & Mason released a rebranded and redeveloped London Dry Gin created as a partnership brand by The London Distillery Company Ltd.[21] The London Distillery Company was approached by Fortnum and Mason in September 2014 to undertake the rebrand following continued in-store success of Dodd's Gin, which was created as a tribute to an 18th-century engineer and entrepreneur, Ralph Dodd.[22] Design agency United Creatives were commissioned by The London Distillery Company CEO Darren Rook to undertake the label rebrand.[23] Fortnum & Mason Food and Drink AwardsFortnum & Mason run an annual industry-acclaimed food and drinks awards. [24] In the words of F&M CEO Ewan Venters, the awards recognise ‘the pinnacle of high achievement in food and drink across the media’. The awards celebrate the best writers, publishers, presenters, image-makers and personalities working in the food and drink industry. The 2018 Awards ceremony was hosted by Claudia Winkleman and winners included Nadiya Hussain, Nigel Slater and Jay Rayner. [24] See also
References1. ^https://beta.companieshouse.gov.uk/company/00084909/filing-history/MzEzOTU1NDgyM2FkaXF6a2N4/document?format=pdf&download=0 2. ^{{cite book| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OO8CqRensxcC&pg=PA131&dq=Fortnum+%26+Mason&client=firefox-a#v=onepage&q=Fortnum%20%26%20Mason&f=false| author=Suzy Gershman| title=Born to Shop London| publisher=Wiley Publishing, Inc.| location=Hoboken, NJ| isbn=978-0-7645-9891-3 |accessdate=5 February 2013| year=2006}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Single Hen Scotch Egg |publisher=Fortnum & Mason |url=http://www.fortnumandmason.com/p-5251-single-hen-scotch-egg.aspx |accessdate=22 August 2011}} 4. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2007/nov/05/foodanddrink.shopping |location=London |work=The Guardian |title=A facial at Fortnums? Never! |first=Jonathan |last=Glancey |date=5 November 2007 |accessdate=5 February 2013}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.fortnumandmason.com/c-359-1700s-fortnum-and-mason.aspx?|title=1700s |publisher=F&M |accessdate=5 February 2013}} 6. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.fortnumandmason.com/c-360-1800s-fortnum-and-mason.aspx |title=1800s| publisher=F&M |accessdate=5 February 2013}} 7. ^{{cite web| title=Dictionary of Art Historians| url=http://arthistorians.info/fortnumc| author=Lee Sorensen| publisher=arthistorians.info| accessdate=4 February 2012}} 8. ^{{cite news| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/culture-obituaries/theatre-obituaries/8474838/Lord-Ampthill.html |title=Lord Ampthill |publisher=The Daily Telegraph |date=26 April 2011 |accessdate=5 February 2013}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.fortnumandmason.com/c-362-today-fortnum-and-mason.aspx? |title=2007 |publisher=F&M |date=11 May 2006 |accessdate=5 February 2013}} 10. ^{{cite news| title=The Queen, Catherine and Camilla visit Fortnum & Mason| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-17220250| work=BBC News| publisher=BBC.com| date=1 March 2012| accessdate=5 February 2013}} 11. ^{{cite news| title=Fortnum & Mason to open first new store in 307 years| url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/10101165/Fortnum-and-Mason-to-open-first-new-store-in-307-years.html| work=The Daily Telegraph| publisher=telegraph.co.uk/| date=11 June 2013| accessdate=11 June 2013}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=http://blog.peta.org.uk/2010/12/sir-roger-moore-says-foie-gras-is-cruel-not-yule/ |title=Sir Roger Moore Says, 'Foie Gras Is Cruel, Not Yule' |publisher=PETA |date=24 December 2010 |accessdate=7 December 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120327121137/http://blog.peta.org.uk/2010/12/sir-roger-moore-says-foie-gras-is-cruel-not-yule/ |archivedate=27 March 2012 }} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.femalefirst.co.uk/entertainment/Owain+Yeoman-95565.html |title=Owain Yeoman Joins Foie Gras |publisher=Female First |date=16 June 2011 |accessdate=7 December 2011}} 14. ^{{cite news| title=Tamara Ecclestone: ‘I’ve got a basic palate and simple needs’| url=http://www.croatiantimes.com/news/Panorama/2009-12-02/7545/Tamara_Ecclestone_strips_off_for_animal_cruelty_campaign| date=2 December 2009| accessdate=5 February 2013| work=Croatian Times| publisher=croatiantimes.com}} 15. ^{{cite web |url=http://blog.peta.org.uk/2011/11/bill-santa-oddie-delivers-bag-of-coal-to-naughty-fortnum-mason/ |title=Bill ‘Santa’ Oddie Delivers Bag of Coal to ‘Naughty’ Fortnum & Mason |publisher=PETA |date=10 November 2011 |accessdate=7 December 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111218094344/http://blog.peta.org.uk/2011/11/bill-santa-oddie-delivers-bag-of-coal-to-naughty-fortnum-mason/ |archivedate=18 December 2011 }} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.contactmusic.com/news/twiggy-steps-up-foie-gras-campaign_1227651 |title=Twiggy Steps Up Foie Gras Campaign |publisher=Contactmusic |date=23 June 2011 |accessdate=7 December 2011}} 17. ^{{cite web |url=http://blog.peta.org.uk/2013/07/morrissey-vs-gordon-ramsay-in-foie-gras-fracas/ |title=Archived copy |accessdate=23 August 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130814042119/http://blog.peta.org.uk/2013/07/morrissey-vs-gordon-ramsay-in-foie-gras-fracas/ |archivedate=14 August 2013 }} 18. ^{{cite news| title=Fortnum and Mason faces celebrity battle over its sale of 'cruel' foie gras| url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/dec/18/fortnum-mason-foie-gras-protest| work=The Observer| publisher=guardian.co.uk| date=17 December 2011| author=Jamie Doward and Jemima Owen}} 19. ^{{cite press release| url=http://www.ukuncut.org.uk/blog/press-release-uk-uncut-occupy-tax-dodgers-fortnum-and-mason| title=UK Uncut Occupy Tax Dodgers Fortnum and Mason| date=26 March 2011| publisher=ukuncut.org.uk| accessdate=5 February 2013| deadurl=yes| archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110329141844/http://www.ukuncut.org.uk/blog/press-release-uk-uncut-occupy-tax-dodgers-fortnum-and-mason| archivedate=29 March 2011| df=dmy-all}} 20. ^{{cite AV media| title=Occupation of Fortnum & Mason by UKuncut was peaceful| url=http://liberalconspiracy.org/2011/03/27/watch-ukuncut-occupation-of-fortnum-mason-was-peaceful/| people=Sunny Hundal| date=27 March 2011| publisher=liberalconspiracy.org| accessdate=5 February 2013}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.londondistillery.com|title=The London Distillery Company|first=|last=Enjoythis|website=www.londondistillery.com}} 22. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.fortnumandmason.com/c-1752-the-story-of-our-exclusive-gin.aspx |title=Archived copy |accessdate=7 January 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://archive.is/20150107022139/http://www.fortnumandmason.com/c-1752-the-story-of-our-exclusive-gin.aspx |archivedate=7 January 2015 }} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.unitedcreatives.com/all/article.php?articleid=13|title=United Creatives -- Designers. Thinkers. Artists. Makers. -- All|first=Matthew|last=Blackmore|website=www.unitedcreatives.com}} 24. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Onwuemezi|first1=Natasha |title= Hussain and Slater win Fortnum & Mason Food and Drink Awards|url=https://www.thebookseller.com/news/hussain-and-slater-win-fortnum-mason-food-and-drink-awards-784481|accessdate=12 May 2018|work=The Bookseller|date=11 May 2018}} External links{{commonscat-inline}}
11 : 1707 establishments in Great Britain|Shops in London|Luxury brands|Buildings and structures in the City of Westminster|Privately held companies of the United Kingdom|British Royal Warrant holders|Tourist attractions in the City of Westminster|Department store buildings in the United Kingdom|Food retailers of the United Kingdom|Delicatessens|Fortnum & Mason |
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