| 词条 | George Roupell |
| 释义 |
|name= George Roupell |birth_date= {{Birth date|df=yes|1892|04|07}} |death_date= {{Death date and age|df=yes|1974|03|04|1892|04|07|}} |birth_place= Tipperary, County Tipperary, Ireland |death_place= Shalford, Surrey, England |placeofburial=Guildford Crematorium, Surrey, England |image= George Roupell VC.jpg |caption= |nickname= |allegiance={{flag|United Kingdom}} |serviceyears=1912–1946 |servicenumber=5360 |rank=Brigadier |branch={{army|United Kingdom}} |commands=1st Battalion, East Surrey Regiment 36th Infantry Brigade 114th Infantry Brigade |unit=East Surrey Regiment |battles=World War I World War II Russian Civil War |awards=Victoria Cross Order of St George 4th Class Order of the Bath Croix de Guerre |laterwork= }} Brigadier George Rowland Patrick Roupell VC CB (7 April 1892 – 4 March 1974) was born in Tipperary and was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. Early life and military careerGeorge Roupell was born into a military family; his father, Francis F. F. Roupell, having served with the British Army in the 70th Regiment and commanded the 1st Battalion, East Surrey Regiment between 1895 and 1899.[1][2] George's father had married Edith Maria Bryden at Kingston in 1887.[3] George was educated at Rossall School{{citation needed|date=January 2011}} and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He was commissioned in the East Surrey Regiment, 2 March 1912[4] and was appointed lieutenant on 29 April 1914, shortly before the outbreak of the First World War.[5][6] World War IAt the outbreak of war, the 1st Battalion the East Surreys were deployed as part of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) into northern Belgium. Roupell commanded a platoon in the BEF's first major action; the Battle of Mons in August 1914. Roupell kept a diary throughout the war which has since been a useful, and sometimes humorous, source of insight and observation on the events that he witnessed and participated in. In the trenches at Mons he recounted how he had to hit his men on the backside with his sword in order to gain their attention and remind them to fire low as they had been taught![7] Soon after, following the retreat from Mons in September, Roupell led his platoon in the first Battle of the Aisne. Once again, he came under heavy fire, this time while crossing the Aisne on a raft. The Surreys' advance was pushed back with heavy casualties.[8] Early the following year, during the continued fighting around Ypres, Roupell was 23 years old, when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC. His citation reads:
He was decorated with his VC by King George V on 12 July 1915.[10] In addition to his Victoria Cross he was awarded the Russian Order of St George (4th Class)[11] and the French Croix de Guerre,[2] and was Mentioned in Despatches.[12] He was retrospectively appointed temporary Captain 29 December 1914, to the 20 April 1915, inclusive[13] and again later the same year.[14] Roupell was aboard {{ship|TSS|The Queen||6}} when it was captured and sunk in the channel in October 1916.[15] Roupell was promoted to acting brigade major on 29 December 1917.[16] On 9 May 1918 he was seconded to the general staff at the rank of temporary major.[17] Inter-warFollowing the end of hostilities in Europe, Captain Roupell, still acting major,[18] was promoted to acting lieutenant colonel in charge of Battalion between December 1918[19] and March 1919.[20] His appointment to the general staff was confirmed on 1 July 1919.[21] During this time he was attached to the allied force under Edmund Ironside and sent to support Tsarist Russians as part of the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War. On a visit to a Tsarist unit, they mutinied and Roupell and others were taken prisoner near Arkhangelsk, sent to Moscow and finally repatriated in 1920.[2] Early in 1921, Roupell married Doris P. Sant in Paddington.[22] Daughter Phoebe and son Peter were born in 1922 and 1925 respectively.[23][24] Roupell's inter-war military career continued with steady promotions to staff captain (1921)[25] brigade major (1926)[26] and major (1928).[27] During the inter-war period, Roupell served in Gibraltar, the Regimental Depot, India and the Sudan and he attended the Staff College, Camberley.[2] As major (GSO2), Roupell spent two years from 1929 at the Royal Military College of Canada[28][29] and in 1934 a year with the British troops in China.[30][31] Following his return, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel (1935).[32] World War IIAt the outbreak of the Second World War, in September 1939, Roupell was promoted to colonel[33] and, promoted to acting brigadier[34] placed in command of 36th Infantry Brigade from 7 October 1939. Roupell's 36th Brigade were deployed as part of the 12th (Eastern) Infantry Division in April 1940 and became part of the British Expeditionary Force (BEF), taking part in the Battle of France. The German thrust near the Somme river towards Abbeville eventually cut off the BEF, northern French and Belgian forces from the rest of France. Roupell's brigade headquarters near Doullens was attacked by enemy troops and on being told of the threat Roupell is reported to have exclaimed: "Never mind the Germans. I'm just going to finish my cup of tea."[35] When the brigade headquarters was overrun on 20 May 1940, Roupell gave the order for the survivors to split up into small groups and endeavour to re-contact Allied troops. Roupell, with a captain and French interpreter, avoided capture, hiding by day and walking at night for over a month. They arrived at a farm near Rouen where the two officers remained for almost two years, working as labourers. With the help of the French Resistance they were moved through unoccupied France into non-belligerent Spain, finally boarding ship in Gibraltar and returning to the United Kingdom. Following his return he was appointed commanding officer of the 114th Infantry Brigade, part of the 38th (Welsh) Infantry Division, on 18 March 1943, a command he held until 2 November that year.[36] He was appointed as garrison commander at Chatham, where he remained until retirement.[2] Post-WarIn 1946 Roupell was formally retired from the army on retirement pay and granted the honorary rank of brigadier. [37] and, at the age of 58, excused from the reserve list of officers in 1950.[38]He was appointed a Deputy Lieutenant of Surrey in 1953.{{citation needed|date=January 2011}} He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1956.[39] In 1954 he was appointed Colonel of the Surreys, succeeding Arthur Dowler,[40] and was to be the last Colonel of The East Surrey Regiment, relinquishing office in 1959 when amalgamation with The Queen's Royal Regiment took place to form the Queen's Royal Surrey Regiment.[41] George Roupell died in Shalford, Surrey, on 4 March 1974 (aged 82). His grave is located at Guildford Crematorium. References1. ^{{London Gazette|issue=27092|page=3942|date=23 June 1899}} Listed in order of publication year 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |url=http://www.queensroyalsurreys.org.uk/colonels/079.html|title=Brigadier G R P Roupell VC CB DL 1954–1959|work=The Queen's Royal Surrey Regiment|accessdate=26 January 2011}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=PeEaR0ZAA2QlwvZRxFkmDg&scan=1|title=Index entry|accessdate=28 January 2011|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}} 4. ^{{London Gazette|issue=28586|page=1561|date=1 March 1912}} 5. ^{{London Gazette|issue=28836|page=4381|date=1 June 1914}} 6. ^{{London Gazette|issue=28851|page=5661|date=21 July 1914}} 7. ^{{cite book|url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/Mons-Star-David-Ascoli/dp/1841581275#reader_1841581275|title=The Mons Star|first=David|last=Ascoli|date=30 July 2001|publisher=Birlinn|isbn=978-1-84158-127-9}} 8. ^{{cite book |chapter-url=http://www.warbooksreview.com/challenge_of_battle/chapter-12/ |title=Challenge of Battle: The real story of the British Army in 1914 |chapter=Battle of the Aisne - Assault |first=Adrian |last=Gilbert |date=2 November 2010 |access-date=24 January 2011}} 9. ^{{London Gazette|issue=29202|page=6115|date=22 June 1915|supp=y}} 10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.queensroyalsurreys.org.uk/vc/vc03.html|title=Brigadier George Rowland Patrick Roupell VC|work=Queen's Royal Surrey Regiment |accessdate=26 January 2011}} 11. ^{{London Gazette|issue=29275|page=8504|date=25 August 1915|supp=y}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://users.telenet.be/worraf/regiments/east%20surrey/1st%20bn%20east%20surrey%20regiment.htm|title=THE 14TH BRIGADE IN THE LINE IN FLANDERS |first=Lawrence|last=Farrow|date=12 June 2003|accessdate=26 January 2011}} 13. ^{{London Gazette|issue=29226|page=6810|date=9 July 1915|supp=y}} 14. ^{{London Gazette|issue=29474|page=1665|date=14 February 1916|supp=y}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=176-esrp&cid=-1#-1|title=ROUPELL, BRIGADIER GEORGE ROWLAND PATRICK (1892–1974) ESR/25/ROUP/ 1916–1992|accessdate=24 January 2011}} 16. ^{{London Gazette|issue=29915|page=913|date=23 January 1917|supp=y}} 17. ^{{London Gazette|issue=30765|page=7543|date=5 June 1918|supp=y}} 18. ^{{London Gazette|issue=31027|page=13877|date=22 November 1918|supp=y}} 19. ^{{London Gazette|issue=31260|page=4168|date=28 March 1919|supp=y}} 20. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34725|page=7473|date=26 April 1921|supp=y}} 21. ^{{London Gazette|issue=31447|page=8798|date=8 July 1919|supp=y}} 22. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=IMt3cBXiItsOzcqTpYe2Tg&scan=1|title=Index entry|accessdate=23 January 2011|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}} 23. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=c1KoF6y1MP6qlxIICiDNGg&scan=1|title=Index entry|accessdate=23 January 2011|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}} 24. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/information.pl?cite=u9X1agNfFZFkf5MK752crg&scan=1|title=Index entry|accessdate=23 January 2011|work=FreeBMD|publisher=ONS}} 25. ^{{London Gazette|issue=32317|page=3738|date=9 May 1921|supp=y}} 26. ^{{London Gazette|issue=33209|page=6440|date=8 October 1926}} 27. ^{{London Gazette|issue=33451|page=8540|date=28 December 1928}} 28. ^{{London Gazette|issue=33479|page=1972|date=22 March 1929}} 29. ^{{London Gazette|issue=33711|page=2736|date=28 April 1931}} 30. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34098|page=6711|date=23 October 1934}} 31. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34226|page=7671|date=3 December 1935}} 32. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34233|page=8197|date=20 December 1935}} 33. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34725|page=7473|date=3 November 1939|supp=y}} 34. ^{{London Gazette|issue=34751|page=8245|date=8 December 1939|supp=y}} 35. ^{{cite book|title=Dunkirk, Fight to the Last Man|first=Hugh|last=Sebag-Montefiore|date=1 June 2006|edition=1|publisher=Viking|pages=720|isbn=978-0-670-91082-3}} 36. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/PersonData.aspx?PerX=1336&Tab=App |title=Orders of Battle – Unit Commander and/or Staff Officer Details|work=Orders of Battle.com – Second World War Military Unit Database |accessdate=28 January 2011}} 37. ^{{London Gazette|issue=37471|page=391|date=15 February 1946|supp=y}} 38. ^{{London Gazette|issue=38903|page=2234|date=5 May 1950|supp=y}} 39. ^{{London Gazette|issue=40787|page=3101|date=25 May 1956|supp=y}} 40. ^{{London Gazette|issue=40221|page=3882|date=15 February 1954|supp=y}} 41. ^{{London Gazette|issue=41839|page=6418|date=9 October 1959|supp=y}}
|first=Nora |last=Buzzell |title=The Register of the Victoria Cross |date=1997 |edition=3 |publisher=This England |pages=352 |isbn=0-906324-27-0 }} (First published 1981. Republished 1988 and 1997.)
|title=Ireland's VCs |date=1995 |isbn=1-899243-00-3 |publisher=Dept of Economic Development }}
|title=Monuments to Courage |first=David |last=Harvey |date=1999 }}
|title=VCs of the First World War - The Western Front 1915 |first1=Peter F. |last1=Batchelor |first2=Christopher |last2=Matson |date=1999 }}
|title=Irish Winners of the Victoria Cross |first1=Richard |last1=Doherty |first2=David |last2=Truesdale |date=2000 }} External links
18 : 1892 births|1974 deaths|Irish officers in the British Army|People from Tipperary (town)|East Surrey Regiment officers|British Army personnel of World War I|British Army personnel of World War II|Companions of the Order of the Bath|People educated at Rossall School|Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)|Deputy Lieutenants of Surrey|Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Third Degree|Irish World War I recipients of the Victoria Cross|British Army personnel of the Russian Civil War|Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst|Royal Military College of Canada faculty|British Army recipients of the Victoria Cross|Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley |
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