| 词条 | 2013 Zimbabwean constitutional referendum |
| 释义 |
A constitutional referendum was held in Zimbabwe on 16 and 17 March 2013,[1][2] after being postponed from September 2011[3] and from 30 June 2011.[4] Ultimately the new constitution was approved by 94.5% of voters.[5] BackgroundPresident Robert Mugabe told the United Nations that the new government formed in February 2009 "has fostered an environment of peace and stability. Several reforms have been implemented and Government has created and instituted constitutional bodies agreed to in the Global Political Agreement." As a result, a constitutional outreach programme was underway; upon whose completion a draft constitution would be formulated as a precursor to a referendum. He hoped this would be followed by an election.[6] New constitutionThe new constitution would limit the President to two five-year terms in office, though it did not apply retrospectively and therefore Mugabe was not restricted from seeking re-election.[7] It abolished the post of Prime Minister,[7] and established an independent prosecuting authority, a peace and reconciliation commission and an anti-corruption commission.[8] It also allowed for dual citizenship, but prevented any legal challenges to the land reform programme.[8] Results{{Referendum| title = Zimbabwean constitutional referendum, 2013 | yes = 3,079,966 | yespct = 94.49 | no = 179,489 | nopct = 5.51 | valid = 3,259,455 | validpct = 98.29 | total = 3,316,082 | invalid = 56,627 | invalidpct = 1.71 | turnoutpct = | electorate = | source = [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-21845444 BBC] }} References1. ^Referendum Vote Counting Continues in Zimbabwe {{Zimbabwean elections}}2. ^All Set for Zimbabwe's Referendum Vote AllAfrica, 13 March 2013 3. ^{{cite news|last=Nyoni|first=Peter|title=Constitution referendum 'delayed to September'|url=http://www.zimdiaspora.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5297:zimbabwe-constitution-referendum-delayed-to-september&catid=38:travel-tips&Itemid=18|accessdate=15 May 2011|newspaper=The Zimdiaspora|date=24 March 2011}} 4. ^Zimbabwe's Constitutional Outreach Program Ends Voice of America, November 1, 2010 5. ^[https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/africa/zimbabwe-referendum-on-new-constitution-passes-with-945-percent-of-the-vote/2013/03/19/079055ec-90a2-11e2-9173-7f87cda73b49_story.html Zimbabwe: 94 percent vote for new constitution, but police jail rights lawyer for 3rd night] The Washington Post, 19 March 2013 6. ^[https://gadebate.un.org/Portals/1/statements/634209412147500000ZW_en.pdf Statement by his Excellency Cde R G Mugabe President of the Republic of Zimbabwe to the 65th session of the United Nations General Assembly] United Nations, 24 September 2010 7. ^Mugabe appoints ZANU-PF lawyer as Zimbabwe finance minister Reuters, 10 September 2013 8. ^1 2 [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-21845444 Zimbabwe approves new constitution] BBC News, 19 March 2013 3 : 2013 referendums|2013 in Zimbabwe|Constitutional referendums in Zimbabwe |
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