“Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Georg Friedrich Ferdinand, Prince of Prussia^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5] ({{lang-de|Georg Friedrich Ferdinand Prinz von Preußen}};^[6] born 10 June 1976) is the current head of the Prussian branch of the House of Hohenzollern, the former ruling dynasty of the German Empire and of the Kingdom of Prussia.^[7]^[8] He is the great-great-grandson and historic heir of Wilhelm II, the last German Emperor and King of Prussia, who was deposed and went into exile upon Germany's defeat in World War I in 1918.

Education and career

Georg Friedrich is the only son of Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia (1944–1977) and Countess Donata of Castell-Rüdenhausen (1950–2015). Born into a mediatised princely family, his mother later became Duchess Donata of Oldenburg when she married secondly Duke Friedrich August of Oldenburg, who had previously been married to her sister-in-law Princess Marie Cécile of Prussia. His only sister is Princess Cornelie-Cécile of Prussia (b. 1978).^[4]

After the death of his father, Georg Friedrich spent much of his youth in the care and under the guidance of Louis Ferdinand, his paternal grandfather.^[5] He attended grammar schools in Bremen and Oldenburg and completed his education at Glenalmond College near Perth, Scotland, where he passed his A-levels. He then volunteered for a two-year commission in the Alpine troops of the {{lang|de|Bundeswehr|italic=no}}, where he was known simply as {{lang|de|Preußen}} ("Prussia"). In May 2011 he was promoted a Major of the reserve. Georg Friedrich took his degree in business economics at the Freiberg University of Mining and Technology.

Georg Friedrich works for a company specialising in helping universities to bring their innovations to market.^[9] He also administered the Princess Kira of Prussia Foundation, founded by his grandmother Grand Duchess Kira of Russia in 1952, now administered by his wife.^[10] In 2018 he moved from a house near Bremen, where he had also spent his childhood, to Babelsberg, a district of Potsdam, the capital city of the German state of Brandenburg.

He owns a two-thirds share of his family's original seat, Hohenzollern Castle, while the other share is held by the head of the Swabian branch, Karl Friedrich, Prince of Hohenzollern. He also owns the Princes' Island in the Great Lake of {{lang|de|Plön|italic=no}}. In 2017 he founded a beer trademark called {{lang|de|Kgl. Preußische Biermanufactur}} (Royal Prussian Beer Manufactory) producing a Pilsner brand called {{lang|de|Preussens}}.

Prince Georg Friedrich continues to claim compensation for land and palaces in Berlin expropriated from his family, a claim begun in March 1991 by his grandfather Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia under the Compensation Act (EALG).^[11]

House of Hohenzollern

Georg Friedrich succeeded his grandfather, Louis Ferdinand, as Head of the Royal House of Prussia,^[12] a branch of the House of Hohenzollern, on 26 September 1994. He learned to appreciate the history and responsibility of his heritage during time spent with his paternal grandfather, who often recounted to him anecdotes from the life in exile of his own grandfather, the last German Kaiser, Wilhelm II.^[13]

His position as sole heir to the estate of his grandfather was challenged by his uncles, Friedrich Wilhelm and Michael, who filed a lawsuit claiming that, despite their renunciations as dynasts at the time of their marriages,^[4] the loss of their inheritance rights based on their selection of spouse was discriminatory and unconstitutional.^[14] His uncles were initially successful, the Regional Court of Hechingen and the higher Regional Court of Stuttgart ruling in their favour in 1997 on the grounds that the requirement to marry equally^[15] was "immoral".^[16] However, the Federal Court of Justice of Germany overturned the original rulings in favour of Georg Friedrich's uncles, the case being remanded to the courts at Hechingen and Stuttgart. This time both courts ruled in favour of Georg Friedrich. His uncles then took their case to the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany which overruled the previous court rulings in Georg Friedrich's favour.^[14] On 19 October 2005, a German regional court ruled that Georg Friedrich was indeed the principal heir of his grandfather, Louis Ferdinand (who was the primary beneficiary of the trust set up for the estate of Wilhelm II), but also concluded that each of the children of Louis Ferdinand was entitled to a portion of the Prussian inheritance.^[17]

Marriage

On 21 January 2011, Georg Friedrich announced his engagement to Princess Sophie Johanna Maria of Isenburg (born 7 March 1978), who studied business administration in Freiburg and Berlin and works at a firm that offers consulting services for nonprofit business.^[18] The civil wedding took place in Potsdam on 25 August 2011,^[9] and the religious wedding took place at the Church of Peace in Potsdam on 27 August 2011, in commemoration of the 950th anniversary of the founding of the House of Hohenzollern.^[19]^[20] The religious wedding was also broadcast live by local public television.^[9] The dinner, which many members of German and European royal families attended, was held in the Orangery Palace at Sanssouci Park.

As a Protestant descendant of Queen Victoria, Georg Friedrich was in the line of succession to the British throne from his birth until his marriage in 2011. As he married a Roman Catholic, according to the Act of Settlement 1701, he was thus debarred from the British line of succession until the implementation in 2015 of the Succession to the Crown Act 2013, which restored any succession rights to British dynasts forfeited because of marriage to Roman Catholics. Georg Friedrich is currently 170th in line to the British throne.^[21]

Children

On 20 January 2013, Georg Friedrich's wife, Sophie, gave birth to twin sons in Bremen, Prince Carl Friedrich and Prince Louis Ferdinand. Carl Friedrich, the elder of the two, is the heir apparent.^[22] The boys were baptized in the Chapel of St. Michael at Hohenzollern Castle on 24 June 2013. Their third child, Princess Emma Marie, was born on 2 April 2015. She was baptized in the Chapel of St. Michael at Hohenzollern Castle on 13 June 2015. Her godparents are Archduchess Katharina of Austria (mother's sister) and Prince Otto of Castell-Rüdenhausen (father's first cousin). On 17 November 2016, Sophie gave birth to Prince Heinrich.^[23]

Prince Heinrich was baptized in the Chapel of St. Michael at Hohenzollern Castle on 13 May 2017.

Titles, styles and honours

Titles and styles

Honours

Ancestry

References and notes

1. ^In 1919 royalty and nobility were mandated to lose their privileges in Germany, hereditary titles were to be legally borne thereafter only as part of the surname, according to Article 109 of the Weimar Constitution. Styles such as majesty and highness were not retained.
2. ^¹Eilers, Marlene. Queen Victoria's Descendants. Rosvall Royal Books, Falkoping, Sweden, 1997. pp. 16-17, 123, 172. {{ISBN|91-630-5964-9}}
3. ^¹Willis, Daniel. The Descendants of King George I of Great Britain. Clearfield, Baltimore, US, 2002, pp. 688-689. {{ISBN|0-8063-5172-1}}
4. ^¹²³Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser Band XIV. "Haus Preussen". C.A. Starke Verlag, 1991, p. 123, 146. {{ISBN|3-7980-0700-4}}
5. ^¹de Badts de Cugnac, Chantal. Coutant de Saisseval, Guy. Le Petit Gotha. Nouvelle Imprimerie Laballery, Paris 2002, pp. 77-79, 99, 106, 108-111. (French) {{ISBN|2-9507974-3-1}}
6. ^{{German title|Prinz}}
7. ^"George Frederick The Prince of Prussia" preussen.de
8. ^{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MCA9AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA407&dq=%22head+of+the+whole+house+of+Hohenzollern%22&hl=de&sa=X&ei=ouvPU8e-Juj_ygPNwoGoCw&ved=0CCEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22head%20of%20the%20whole%20house%20of%20Hohenzollern%22&f=false |title=Germany 1815-90; Vol II 1852-71 |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2017-12-15}}
9. ^¹²{{cite web |url=http://www.expatica.com/de/news/german-news/heir-to-prussian-throne-to-get-televised-wedding_171572.html |title=Heir to Prussian throne to get televised wedding |publisher=Expatica.com |date=2011-08-25 |accessdate=2017-12-15 }}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.preussen.de/en/family/george_frederick_the_prince_of_prussia.html |title=George Frederick The Prince of Prussia |accessdate=27 August 2011 }}
11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.swp.de/hechingen/lokales/hechingen/Preussen-Prinz-bittet-Berlin-zur-Kasse;art5612,2953921 |title=Preußen-Prinz bittet Berlin zur Kasse |publisher=Südwest Presse Online |date= |accessdate=2017-12-15 }}
12. ^{{cite news|last=DeMarco|first=Anthony|title=A 35-Carat Diamond of Royal Historical Significance Will Be Sold at Sotheby's|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/anthonydemarco/2012/02/29/a-35-carat-diamond-of-royal-historical-significance-will-be-sold-at-sothebys/|accessdate=18 November 2012|newspaper=Forbes|date=29 February 2012|quote=After the death of Prince Louis Ferdinand, the diamond was inherited as part of the estate by his grandson, Georg Friedrich (1976-), Prince of Prussia and current head of the Royal House of Prussia}}
13. ^Majesty. Interview, March 2009.
14. ^¹{{cite web|author=Francois Velde |url=http://www.heraldica.org/topics/royalty/hohenzollern_case.htm |title=The Hohenzollern Succession Dispute |publisher=Heraldica.org |date= |accessdate=2017-12-15}}
15. ^For further details, see the German-language Wikipedia article Ebenbürtigkeit.
16. ^Andrew Gimson, [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1998/12/18/wkai18.html "Kaiser's rule on marriage still applies to heirs"], The Telegraph (18 December 1998).
17. ^Royal news: October 2005 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070808234948/http://www.nettyroyal.nl/newsoct05.html |date=8 August 2007 }}
18. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.bunte.de/royals/prinz-georg-friedrich-von-preussen-er-hat-sich-mit-seiner-sophie-verlobt_aid_22473.html|title=Prinz Georg Friedrich von Preußen Er hat sich mit Sophie verlobt!|accessdate=27 August 2011|date=22 January 2011}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.preussen.de/de/heute/aktuell/verlobung_im_haus_hohenzollern.html |title=Verlobung im Haus Hohenzollern |publisher=Preussen.de |date= |accessdate=2017-12-15}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.charivari.de/nachrichten/prinz-von-preussen-heiratet-in-potsdam,4d6b86c0978ca.php |title=Prinz von Preußen heiratet in Potsdam |publisher=Charivari.de |date=2016-01-01 |accessdate=2017-12-15}}
21. ^https://www.sporcle.com/games/Hsink/british-line-of-succession-1-300
22. ^{{cite web|title=Official Website of the House of Hohenzollern: Prinz Georg Friedrich von Preußen|url=http://www.preussen.de/de/familie/prinz_georg_friedrich_von_preussen.html}}
23. ^{{cite web|title=BUNTE.de verrät: So heißt ihr Baby-Prinz!|url=http://www.bunte.de/royals/royals-weltweit/deutscher-adel/georg-friedrich-sophie-von-preussen-buntede-verraet-so-heisst-ihr-baby-prinz.html#h=royalsBlock_1}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bmi.bund.de/cae/servlet/contentblob/150142/publicationFile/35310/Anschriften.pdf |title=Official guidebook of the Federal Ministry of the Interior, chapter 3 |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2017-12-15}}
25. ^http://gpdhome.typepad.com/.a/6a00d8341c648253ef017ee40e8605970d-400wi
26. ^{{cite book|title=Sonderausgabe zur Königlichen Hochzeit In Potsdam am 27. August 2011|year=2011|publisher=Weißes Blatt, Magazin für Tradition und Geschichte|location=Berlin, Germany|url=http://www.neue-deutsche-monarchie.de/pdf/zeitschrift/006_wb_sonderausgabe.pdf|edition=20|accessdate=18 November 2012|language=German|format=PDF}}
27. ^http://40.media.tumblr.com/a632c9b6545688744656757f750daca4/tumblr_mk6izqEcDc1ry8y6lo1_400.jpg
28. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://www.wunderweib.de/media/img/mig/a/a3/a30/2849898/60943/georg-friedrich-preussen-kind-h_448x597.jpg |title=Georg Fredric wearing the two orders |date= |accessdate=2017-12-15}}
29. ^¹{{cite web|url=https://41.media.tumblr.com/058b367367e479ae7930f2a551d4ca70/tumblr_mvv7qpYMzV1rl706do1_500.jpg |title=Georg Fredric wearing the two other orders |date= |accessdate=2017-12-15}}