| 词条 | Anita Pollitzer |
| 释义 |
| name = Anita Pollitzer | image = File:Anita Pollitzer 156004v (cropped).jpg | imagesize = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date |1894|10|31}} | birth_place = Charleston, South Carolina | death_date = {{Death date and age|1975|07|3|1894|10|31}} | death_place = New York City | nationality = American | education = Columbia University | field = Photography | training = | movement = | works = | patrons = | awards = | spouse = {{marriage|Elie Charlier Edson|1928|}} | partner = }} Anita Lily Pollitzer (October 31, 1894 – July 3, 1975) was an American photographer and suffragette. Early life and educationAnita Lily Pollitzer was born October 31, 1894 in Charleston, South Carolina.[1][2] Her parents were Clara Guinzburg Pollitzer, the daughter of an immigrant rabbi from Prague,[1] and Gustave Pollitzer, who ran a cotton company at Charleston, South Carolina.[1] She had two sisters, Carrie (born 1881) and Mabel (born 1885) and a brother, Richard. Anita was raised Jewish and, as a young woman, taught Sabbath school in Charleston at Kahal Kadosh Beth Elohim. She was later a "non-observant" Jew and relied upon her own personal strength, rather than reliance on religion. In response to her sister Mabel, who said in prayer, "God gave me mountains to climb and the strength to climb them," Anita's response was, "I don’t want God to give me mountains to climb…I want to find my own."[2] Anita graduated from Memminger High School in 1913 and left Charleston to study art at Teachers College, Columbia University.[1][2] CareerArtistPollitzer may be best known for her friendship with Georgia O'Keeffe whom she met at Columbia University.[1] O'Keeffe mailed a set of charcoal drawings she made in 1915 to Pollitzer, who took them to Alfred Stieglitz at his 291 gallery early in 1916. Stieglitz found them to be the "purest, finest, sincerest things that had entered 291 in a long while", and in April, Stieglitz exhibited ten of her drawings at 291.[3][4] This was the beginning of one of the most significant relationships among artists in the 20th century,[1] Stieglitz promoted her career and later married O'Keeffe.[12] Pollitzer wrote a book entitled A Woman on Paper: Georgia O'Keeffe that contained letters that she exchanged with O'Keeffe since they attended Columbia University. They remained friends until Pollitzer's death. Lynne Bundesen, who wrote a review of the book for The New York Times, said "it is a book that tells you that the voices of the most independent, far-seeing women of the times, the pioneers of women's rights and visions talked to each other as gushing, enthusiastic, eager and confused schoolgirls straight out of the Victorian era—as they may not have talked with their men." The book was published in 1988.[5] SuffragettePollitzer was instrumental in the passage of the 19th Amendment and held positions of leadership in the National Woman's Party serving as National Chairman from 1945 until 1949.[1] Personal lifeIn December 1928, she married Elie Charlier Edson, Pete Seeger's uncle. The couple moved to New York City and lived in an apartment on West 115th St. She died on July 3, 1975, in New York City.[6] References1. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Anita Pollitzer (1894-1975): Officer and Organizer for Woman Suffrage|url=http://americancivilwar.com/women/Womens_Suffrage/Anita_Pollistzer.html|website=AmericanCivilWar.com|accessdate=28 March 2015}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|title=Anita Pollitzer |url=http://ldhi.library.cofc.edu/exhibits/show/pollitzer_family_sc/anita_pollitzer |website=The Pollitzer Family of South Carolina |publisher=Lowcountry Digital Initiative |accessdate=28 March 2015 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403020706/http://ldhi.library.cofc.edu/exhibits/show/pollitzer_family_sc/anita_pollitzer |archivedate=3 April 2015 }} 3. ^{{citation |editor-last=Roberts |editor-first=Norma J. |title=The American Collections |publisher=Columbus Museum of Art |year=1988 |isbn=0-8109-1811-0 |page=76}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.biography.com/people/georgia-okeeffe-9427684|title=Georgia O'Keeffe|author=Biography.com Editors|website=Biography Channel|publisher=A&E Television Networks|date=August 26, 2016|accessdate=January 14, 2017}} 5. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1988-09-04/books/bk-2348_1_anita-pollitzer |title=The Memoir of a Legendary Friendship —A Woman on Paper — Georgia O'Keeffe by Anita Pollitzer | author= Lynne Bundesen |date=September 4, 1988 |website=The New York Times |accessdate=February 1, 2017}} 6. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite news|last1=Nelson|first1=Jennifer|title=Anita Pollitzer|url=http://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/pollitzer-anita|accessdate=18 January 2015|work=Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia|date=1 March 2009}} External links{{commons category|Anita Pollitzer}}
9 : Photographers from South Carolina|American people of Czech-Jewish descent|Artists from Charleston, South Carolina|Columbia University alumni|1894 births|1975 deaths|American women photographers|American suffragists|20th-century American women artists |
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