| 词条 | Gravelbourg |
| 释义 |
|official_name = Gravelbourg |settlement_type = Town |image_flag = Flag of Gravelbourg.png |pushpin_map = Saskatchewan#Canada |pushpin_map_caption = Location of Gravelbourg in Saskatchewan |coordinates = {{coord|49.874|-106.555|region:CA-SK|display=inline}} |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = Canada |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Saskatchewan |subdivision_type2 = Region |subdivision_type3 = Census division |subdivision_name3 = 3 |subdivision_type4 = Rural Municipality |subdivision_name4 = Gravelbourg |leader_title = Mayor |leader_name = Edward Lagasse[1] |leader_title1 = Town Manager |leader_name1 = Gord Murray |leader_title2 = Governing body |leader_name2 = Gravelbourg Town Council |leader_title3 = MLA Wood River |leader_name3 = David Marit |leader_title4 = MP Cypress Hills-Grasslands |leader_name4 = David Anderson |established_title = Post office Founded |established_date = 1907 |established_title3 = Incorporated (Town) |established_date3 = 1916[2] |area_total_km2 = 3.23 |population_as_of = 2011[3] |population_total = 1,116 |population_density_km2 = 346.0 |timezone = CST |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = S0H 1X0 |area_code = 306 |blank_name = Highways |blank_info = Redcoat Trail |blank1_name = Waterways |website = Town of Gravelbourg website |footnotes =[4][5][6] }} Gravelbourg is a small multicultural town in south central Saskatchewan, Canada. It is located just west of the Wood River at the junction of provincial Highway 43 and Highway 58, approximately 125 kilometres from Moose Jaw, Swift Current, and the United States border. The region served as a path for First Nations peoples many years ago, and was also integrated into the Redcoat Trail of the 19th century. Gravelbourg is now a key link on the 21st century Trans Canada Trail. Gravelbourg is also referenced in the fourth verse of the North American version of "I've Been Everywhere", written by Geoff Mack and made popular in North America by Hank Snow and more recently Johnny Cash. HistoryGravelbourg was settled in the early 1900s and was one of the French block settlements of the Gravelbourg-Lafleche-Meyronne area in southwestern Saskatchewan,[7] In 1930 it became the cathedral city of the Roman Catholic diocese of Gravelbourg.[8][9] Gravelbourg carries the name of its founder Abbé Louis-Pierre Gravel.[9] Louis-Pierre Gravel was designated a Person of National Historic Significance in 1956.[11] The inscription on the monument in Gravelbourg built in 1958 to honour him reads:{{quote|"Between 1906 and 1926 more than ten thousand Canadian citizens, many of whom were then living in the United States, answered the call of Reverend Louis-Pierre Gravel to make their homes on the broad plains of Saskatchewan where they built towns and established French-speaking cultural institutions." Parks Canada[10]}} Gravelbourg celebrated its centennial in 2006. Gravelbourg celebrates its many cultures at its annual Summer Solstice Festival d'été. Historic buildings{{see also|List of historic places in Saskatchewan}}{{see also|List of National Historic Sites of Canada in Saskatchewan}}A number of heritage buildings are located within the community. Our Lady of the Assumption Roman Catholic Cathedral, the former Convent of Jesus and Mary and the former Bishop's Residence were designated the Gravelbourg Ecclesiastical Buildings National Historic Site of Canada in 1995.[11] Gravelbourg Court House,[12] College Mathieu Pavilion,[13] Gravelbourg Post Office,[14] Gaiety Theatre and[15] Canadian National Railway Station[16] are also listed heritage sites. DemographyGravelbourg is located in the federal electoral district of Cypress Hills-Grasslands and in the provincial constituency of Wood River. {{canada_census|2011_population=1,116 |2011_pop_delta=2.5 |2011_land_area=3.23 |2011_pop_density=346.0 |2011_pop_rank= |2011_median_age=49.4 |2011_median_age_m=47.9 |2011_median_age_f=50.8 |2011_total_pvt_dwell=516 |2011_total_pvt_dwell_usual=486 |2011_mean_hh_income=Not Available |2011_access_date=2012-08-24 |2006_population=1,089 |2006_pop_delta=-8.3 |2006_land_area=3.23 |2006_pop_density=337.6 |2006_pop_rank= |2006_median_age=48.2 |2006_median_age_m=46.4 |2006_median_age_f=49.3 |2006_total_pvt_dwell=528 |2006_total_pvt_dwell_usual=481 |2006_mean_hh_income=Not Available |2006_access_date=2009-02-24 }} LanguagesIn the 2011 Canada Census, out a total of 1,116 residents 625 chose English while 300 chose French as their mother tongue. Thirty nine percent or 430 residents spoke both English and French.[3] Gravelbourg's French-language Fransaskois community is the subject of a short documentary Les Fransaskois, produced for the documentary series The Grasslands Project.[17] Other languages spoken in Gravelbourg were: Bisayan languages (5), Chinese (10), Dutch (5), German (15), Korean (5), Lao (5), Spanish (5), Swahili (5) and Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino) (50).[3] Climate{{Weather box|location = Gravelbourg |metric first = yes |single line = yes |collapsed = |Jan record high C = 12.8 |Feb record high C = 18.0 |Mar record high C = 24.0 |Apr record high C = 35.0 |May record high C = 37.0 |Jun record high C = 41.5 |Jul record high C = 42.8 |Aug record high C = 41.7 |Sep record high C = 39.4 |Oct record high C = 33.5 |Nov record high C = 22.8 |Dec record high C = 20.6 |year record high C = 42.8 |Jan high C = -7.4 |Feb high C = -4.0 |Mar high C = 3.3 |Apr high C = 12.5 |May high C = 19.4 |Jun high C = 24.0 |Jul high C = 26.7 |Aug high C = 26.1 |Sep high C = 19.0 |Oct high C = 12.5 |Nov high C = 1.3 |Dec high C = -5.8 |year high C = 10.6 |Jan mean C = −12.5 |Feb mean C = −9.3 |Mar mean C = -2.3 |Apr mean C = 5.5 |May mean C = 12.1 |Jun mean C = 16.8 |Jul mean C = 19.0 |Aug mean C = 18.3 |Sep mean C = 11.8 |Oct mean C = 5.9 |Nov mean C = -3.8 |Dec mean C = -10.8 |year mean C = 4.2 |Jan low C = -17.5 |Feb low C = -14.4 |Mar low C = -7.9 |Apr low C = -1.5 |May low C = 4.8 |Jun low C = 9.5 |Jul low C = 11.4 |Aug low C = 10.3 |Sep low C = 4.6 |Oct low C = -0.9 |Nov low C = -8.8 |Dec low C = -15.8 |year low C = -2.2 |Jan record low C = -44.4 |Feb record low C = -48.9 |Mar record low C = -38.3 |Apr record low C = -28.3 |May record low C = -15.0 |Jun record low C = -8.9 |Jul record low C = -1.1 |Aug record low C = -3.9 |Sep record low C = -12.8 |Oct record low C = -26.0 |Nov record low C = -32.8 |Dec record low C = -41.5 |year record low C = -48.9 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 22.8 |Feb precipitation mm = 19.0 |Mar precipitation mm = 20.3 |Apr precipitation mm = 21.2 |May precipitation mm = 48.9 |Jun precipitation mm = 58.5 |Jul precipitation mm = 60.4 |Aug precipitation mm = 37.4 |Sep precipitation mm = 34.2 |Oct precipitation mm = 16.4 |Nov precipitation mm = 18.2 |Dec precipitation mm = 24.8 |year precipitation mm = 381.9 |source 1 = Environment Canada[18] |date=August 2010 }} EducationÉcole Gravelbourg School (Grades K to 12) is located on 1st ave in Gravelbourg. The principal is Jody Lehmann.[19] The Convent of Jesus & Mary ( Past: Gravelbourg Elementary School, is now home to the GCMC (Gravelbourg Community Music Centre). The town has for the past four decades been noteworthy for College Mathieu, a francophone boarding school for boys and girls who wish to acquire or retain fluency in French. The school has attracted students from throughout the southern part of the province as well as other areas of Canada and overseas. It offers classes from Grade 8 to 12.[20] École Beau-Soleil offers K to Grade 7 in French.[21] ChurchesFormer Catholic bishopricThe town was from 1930 to 1998 the cathedral city of the Roman Catholic diocese of Gravelbourg headed by a Francophone bishop. In 1998, Pope John Paul II suppressed the residential diocese, so that it is now a titular see.[22] The Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption was at that time designated a "co-cathedral" of the Archdiocese of Regina.[23] ProtestantsThe United Church of Canada in Gravelbourg had as its minister, Lorne Calvert, the 13th Premier of Saskatchewan.[24] There are also the Gravelbourg Lutheran Church and the Church of Christ. See also
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Municipal Directory System|url=http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/muniDetails.aspx?cat=2&mun=1991|date=|accessdate=2013-02-04}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Gravelbourg (The Canadian Encyclopedia)|url=http://thecanadianencyclopedia.com/articles/gravelbourg|date=|accessdate=2013-02-04}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=2011 Community Profiles|work=Statistics Canada|publisher=Government of Canada|url=http://www12.statcan.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E|accessdate=2014-03-23}} 4. ^{{Cite web|last=National Archives|first=Archivia Net|title=Post Offices and Postmasters|url=http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-100.01-e.php|accessdate=2013-10-02}} 5. ^{{Cite web|last=Government of Saskatchewan|first=MRD Home|title=Municipal Directory System (Town of Gravebourg)|url=http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/welcome.aspx|accessdate=2013-10-02|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160115125115/http://www.mds.gov.sk.ca/apps/Pub/MDS/welcome.aspx|archivedate=15 January 2016|df=dmy-all}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Directory of Communities by Saskatchewan Electoral District|url=http://www.elections.sk.ca/resources/directory-of-communities-by-saskatchewan-electoral-district.pdf|accessdate=2013-10-03}} 7. ^{{cite web| title =Francophone land settlement in southwestern Saskatchewan by Beckey Hamilton | url =http://pcag.uwinnipeg.ca/Prairie-Perspectives/PP-Vol05/Hamilton.pdf| date =| accessdate =2014-03-23}} 8. ^{{cite web |title = Archdiocese of Regina : a history (Gravelbourg) |url = http://www.ourroots.ca/e/page.aspx?id=526714 |accessdate = 2014-04-03 |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20150924062921/http://www.ourroots.ca/e/page.aspx?id=526714 |archivedate = 24 September 2015 |df = dmy-all}} 9. ^{{cite web| title =Canadian Biography (Louis-Pierre Gravel) | url =http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio.php?id_nbr=7921| date =| accessdate =2014-03-23}} 10. ^1 {{cite web| title =Parks Canada (Gravel, Louis-Pierre National Historic Person)| url =http://www.pc.gc.ca/apps/dfhd/page_nhs_eng.aspx?id=1483| accessdate =2014-05-15}} 11. ^{{cite web| title =Gravelbourg Ecclesiastical Buildings | url =http://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=11188&pid=0%7C| date =| accessdate =2013-04-04}} 12. ^{{cite web| title = Gravelbourg Court House| url =http://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=7510| date =| accessdate =2013-04-04}} 13. ^{{cite web| title =College Mathieu Pavillion | url =http://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=8402| date =| accessdate =2013-04-04}} 14. ^{{cite web| title = Gravelbourg Post Office| url =http://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=8530| date =| accessdate =2013-04-04}} 15. ^{{cite web| title =Gaiety Theatre | url =http://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=7058| date =| accessdate =2013-04-04}} 16. ^{{cite web| title =Canadian National Railway Station | url =http://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=8531| date =| accessdate =2013-04-04}} 17. ^{{cite news|last1=Vézina|first1=Michel|title=Projection du "Projet Grasslands" à Gravelbourg|url=http://leau-vive.ca/Actualit%C3%A9/ArtsetCulture/TabId/115/ArtMID/502/ArticleID/701424/Projection-du-Projet-Grasslands-a-Gravelbourg.aspx|accessdate=30 September 2016|work=L'Eau vive|date=25 May 2016|language=French}} 18. ^Environment CanadaCanadian Climate Normals 1971–2000, accessed 27 July 2010 19. ^{{cite web| title =École Gravelbourg School| url =https://schools.prairiesouth.ca/gravelbourg/| date = | accessdate =2013-02-04}} 20. ^{{cite web| title =COLLÈGE MATHIEU DE GRAVELBOURG (Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan)| url =http://esask.uregina.ca/entry/college_mathieu_de_gravelbourg.html| date =| accessdate =2013-02-04}} 21. ^{{cite web| title =Town of Gravelbourg (Schools and Education)| url =http://www.gravelbourg.ca/html/e/residents/education.html| date = | accessdate =2013-02-04}} 22. ^Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2013 {{ISBN|978-88-209-9070-1}}), p. 906 23. ^1 {{cite web| title =Diocese of Gravelbourg| url =http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dg008.html| date = | accessdate =2012-12-22 }} 24. ^{{cite web| title =The Canadian Encyclopedia (Lorne Calvert)| url =http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com/articles/lorne-calvert| date = | accessdate =2013-02-04}} External links{{Commons category|Gravelbourg}}
| Northwest = St Boswells | North = Bateman | Northeast = Mossbank | West = Arbuthnot | Centre = Gravelbourg | East = Assiniboia | Southwest = Royer | South = Meyronne | Southeast = Woodrow }}{{Subdivisions of Saskatchewan|towns=yes}}{{SKDivision3}}{{NHSC}}{{Coord|49.874|N|106.555|W|display=title|type:city_region:CA_source:GNS-enwiki}} 3 : Towns in Saskatchewan|Gravelbourg No. 104, Saskatchewan|French communities |
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