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词条 Airbus A330 MRTT
释义

  1. Design and development

  2. Operational history

     Australia  United Kingdom  United Arab Emirates  Saudi Arabia  Singapore  South Korea  France  Multinational Multi-Role Tanker Transport Fleet  Possible operators  Czech Republic  Indonesia  India  Qatar  Spain  Sweden  Failed bids  Brazil  United States 

  3. Variants

  4. Operators

  5. Accidents and incidents

  6. Specifications

  7. See also

  8. References

  9. External links

{{short description|Aerial refuelling tanker aircraft}}{{EngvarB|date=April 2014}}{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2014}}
name=A330 MRTT / KC-30A
Voyager		image=File:RAF A330 Voyager ZZ335, Brize Norton 17th March 2016 (25365262923).jpg caption= A Royal Air Force Voyager in 2016

}}{{Infobox aircraft type

type=Aerial refuelling and transportmanufacturer=Airbus Defence and Spacedesigner=first flight=15 June 2007introduced=1 June 2011retired=status= In serviceprimary user= Royal Air Force more users= Royal Saudi Air Force
Royal Australian Air Force
United Arab Emirates Air Force 		produced= 2007–presentnumber built= 33 as of 14 December 2018[1]unit cost=developed from= Airbus A330variants with their own articles= EADS/Northrop Grumman KC-45
}}

The Airbus A330 Multi Role Tanker Transport (MRTT) is an aerial refuelling tanker aircraft based on the civilian Airbus A330. A version of the A330 MRTT, the EADS/Northrop Grumman KC-45 was proposed to the United States Air Force.

The A330 MRTT has been ordered by the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF), Royal Air Force (RAF), Royal Saudi Air Force (RSAF), French Air Force (Armée de l'Air), United Arab Emirates Air Force, Republic of Singapore Air Force (RSAF), and others. A total of 12 nations have placed firm orders for approximately 60 aircraft, of which 33 have been delivered by the end of 2018.[2]

Design and development

The Airbus A330 MRTT is a military derivative of the A330-200 airliner. It is designed as a dual-role air-to-air refuelling and transport aircraft. For air-to-air refuelling missions the A330 MRTT can be equipped with a combination of any of the following systems:{{Citation needed|date=June 2011}}

  • Refuelling other aircraft
    • Airbus Military Aerial Refuelling Boom System (ARBS) for receptacle-equipped receiver aircraft.
    • Cobham 905E under-wing refuelling pods for probe-equipped receiver aircraft.
    • Cobham 805E Fuselage Refuelling Unit (FRU) for probe-equipped receiver aircraft
  • Being refuelled
    • Universal Aerial Refueling Receptacle Slipway Installation (UARRSI) for self in-flight refuelling.

The A330 MRTT has a maximum fuel capacity of {{Convert|111000|kg|lb|abbr=on}} without the use of additional fuel tanks, which leaves space for the carriage of {{Convert|45000|kg|lb|abbr=on}} of additional cargo. The A330 MRTT's wing has common structure with the four-engine A340-200/-300 with reinforced mounting locations and provision for fuel piping for the A340's outboard engines. The A330 MRTT's wing therefore requires little modification for use of these hardpoints for the wing refuelling pods.[3]

The A330 MRTT cabin can be modified to carry up to 380 passengers in a single class configuration, allowing a complete range of configurations from maximised troop transport to complex customisation suitable for VIP and guest missions. Available configurations include 300 passengers in a single class and 266 passengers in two classes.[4] The A330 MRTT can also be configured to perform Medical Evacuation (Medevac) missions; up to 130 standard stretchers can be carried. The main deck cargo configuration allows carriage of standard commercial containers and pallets, military, ISO and NATO pallets (including seats) and containers, and military equipment and other large items which are loaded through a cargo door. Like the A330-200, the A330 MRTT includes two lower deck cargo compartments (forward and aft) and a bulk area capability. The cargo hold has been modified to be able to transport up to 8 military pallets in addition to civilian Unit Load Device (ULD).{{Citation needed|date=June 2011}}

An optional crew rest compartment (CRC), located in the forward cabin can be installed for a spare crew to increase time available for a mission. The passenger cabin of the A330 MRTT can be provided with a set of removable airstairs to enable embarkation and disembarkation when airbridges or ground support equipment are not available.{{Citation needed|date=June 2011}}

Standard commercial A330-200s are delivered from Airbus Final Assembly Line in Toulouse (France) to Airbus Military Conversion Centre in Getafe, Spain for fitting of refuelling systems and military avionics. The tanker was certified by Spanish authorities in October 2010.[5] It was first delivered to Australia on 1 June 2011.[6] Qantas Defence Services converted the remaining four A330-200s at its Brisbane Airport facility on behalf of EADS for the Royal Australian Air Force.[7][8]

On 30 September 2016, Airbus Defence and Space completed the first flight of the new standard A330 MRTT. The new standard features structural modifications, aerodynamic improvements for a 1% fuel-burn reduction, upgraded avionics computers, and enhanced military systems. The first delivery is planned for 2018.[8]

The Airbus/Saab team proposed an A330-based airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) ("AWACS") variant with Saab's Erieye radar to the UK's Ministry of Defence in 2018 for the replacement its E-3D fleet.[9]

Operational history

The A330 MRTT has been ordered by Australia, France, United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea and by NATO in a multi-Nation deal. Australia was the launch customer for the A330 MRTT.

Australia

Designated as KC-30A, the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) A330 MRTTs are equipped with both an Aerial Refuelling Boom System (ARBS) and two Cobham 905E under-wing refuelling pods. The aircraft are powered by two General Electric CF6-80E engines.[10] Australia initially arranged to procure four aircraft with an option to obtain a fifth; this option for a fifth aircraft was exercised to allow for two simultaneous deployments of two aircraft, the fifth being for contingency coverage. Australian KC-30A are operated by No. 33 Squadron RAAF based at RAAF Base Amberley.[11] Australia's aircraft are configured for 270 passengers plus cargo.[12]

In 2005, the RAAF expected that deliveries would begin in late 2008 and be completed in 2010.[13] Deliveries fell two years behind schedule, in part because of delays in the boom's development.[14] On 30 May 2011, KC-30A A39-003, the third converted A330, arrived at RAAF Base Amberley and was formally handed over on 1 June 2011. The second A330 conversion, A39-002 was ferried to RAAF Amberley on 18 June 2011 and handed over to the RAAF on 22 June 2011.[17] In June 2010, Qantas announced receipt of the fourth aircraft at its Brisbane facilities for an anticipated 10-month conversion.[15] On 3 December 2012, the final fifth KC-30A was delivered to the RAAF.[16]

In July 2013, it was reported there were ongoing delays with preparing the KC-30A for full entry into service due to problems with the refuelling systems, including the hose-and-drogue system passing too much fuel.[17]

In August 2013, the KC-30A made its debut as a VIP transport, ferrying Prime Minister Rudd and an entourage to Al Minhad Air Base, United Arab Emirates.[18] In August 2014, Defence Minister David Johnston announced the intention to purchase two additional KC-30As with one in VIP configuration for transport of the Prime Minister.[19] In July 2015, Defence Minister Kevin Andrews announced the order of two additional KC-30s, to be delivered in 2018. The new tankers will be based on A330-200 airliners that were previously operated by Qantas on lease from CIT Aerospace, and will be the first KC-30As to be converted from airframes that have already seen civilian service.[20][21][22] A formal decision to add a "modest" VIP fitout to one of the KC-30s was made in 2016.[23] This aircraft will be fitted with seating, meeting spaces and communication facilities for VIPs, but primarily be used as a tanker.[24]

On 22 September 2014, the RAAF deployed an Air Task Group to a staging base at Al Minhad Air Base in the United Arab Emirates, as part of a coalition to combat Islamic State forces in Iraq. The aircraft included F/A-18F Super Hornets, a KC-30A tanker transport and an E-7A Wedgetail airborne early warning and control aircraft. The KC-30 started operations just days after arriving in the UAE by aerial refueling US and other coalition aircraft over Iraq. On 6 October 2014, the RAAF started their first combat missions over Iraq with two Super Hornets supported by the KC-30 tanker.[25][26]

In the 2016 Defence White Paper, the Australian Government stated that it was exploring options to increase the size of the fleet to nine in order to support new RAAF aircraft such as the P-8A Poseidon.[27]

In December 2016 an RAAF KC-30 conducted air-to-air refueling trials with a US Air Force B-1B bomber.[28]

United Kingdom

{{main|Future Strategic Tanker Aircraft}}

In January 2004 the UK Ministry of Defence announced that a variant of the A330 MRTT had been selected to provide tanking service for the RAF for the next 30 years under the Future Strategic Tanker Aircraft (FSTA) programme, replacing the RAF's existing TriStar and VC10 tankers. The Ministry of Defence then began negotiations with the AirTanker consortium.{{Citation needed|date=January 2013}}

On 27 March 2008 the UK Ministry of Defence signed a deal to lease 14 aircraft under a private finance initiative arrangement from EADS-led consortium AirTanker, with the first aircraft to enter service in 2011.[29] There are two versions, designated Voyager KC2 and Voyager KC3;[30][34] the former will be fitted with two Cobham 905E under-wing refuelling pods, the latter with a Cobham 805E Fuselage Refuelling Unit (FRU) in addition to the under-wing pods. None of the RAF aircraft are fitted with the Aerial Refuelling Boom System (ARBS).{{Citation needed|date=January 2013}} Both versions of Voyager are powered by a pair of Rolls-Royce Trent 772B-60 engines.[31]

As of May 2014, nine aircraft had been delivered, completing the "core fleet" of RAF aircraft.[32] By August 2014, ten had been delivered with one for civilian purposes.[33] The remaining deliveries are to be a "surge capability", available to the RAF when needed, but otherwise available to Airtanker for tasks such as "release to the civil market, less its military equipment or to partner nations in a military capacity with the MoD's agreement".[32] As of 14 March 2016, all 14 Voyagers had been delivered to the RAF.[34]

In November 2015, it was announced that an RAF A330 MRTT would be refitted to carry government ministers and members of the Royal Family on official visits. The refit would cost £10m but would save around £775,000 annually compared to the current practice of chartering flights. The aircraft, nicknamed "Cam Force One" by some in the media, will be fitted with 158 seats.[35] The aircraft entered service on 6 May 2016, with the then Prime Minister David Cameron making his first flight on it to visit the 2016 Warsaw summit.[36]

Because the RAF's Voyagers are only capable of probe-and-drogue refueling, they are unable to refuel current or future RAF aircraft that are fitted solely for refueling from the flying boom, including the RC-135 Rivet Joint, C-17 Globemaster, E-7 Wedgetail and P-8 Poseidon. In April 2016, the RAF stated an interest in the idea of fitting a boom to at least some of the Voyager fleet, bringing the RAF's aircraft into line with other A330 MRTT operators around the world. Fitting a boom would not only allow operation with those types in the RAF not fitted for probe and drogue, but would also extend the flexibility of the RAF Voyager fleet in aerial refueling operations for other air forces that operate boom refueled aircraft.[37]

United Arab Emirates

In 2007, the United Arab Emirates announced it had signed a memorandum of understanding with Airbus to purchase three A330 MRTT.[38] EADS, Airbus's parent company, announced the signing of a contract with UAE in February 2008.[39]

The UAE aircraft will be equipped with both an ARBS and two Cobham 905E under-wing refuelling pods. The ARBS units installed on these tankers include a secondary boom hoist developed for the UAE.{{R|"Flightglobal1"}} This system permits the boom to be retracted, even in the event of a primary boom retraction system failure.{{R|"Flightglobal1"}} The United Arab Emirates Air Force selected the Rolls-Royce Trent 700 for its tankers.{{Citation needed|date=February 2012}}

The first A330 MRTT for the UAE was delivered on 6 February 2013.[40] The remaining two had been delivered by 6 August 2013.[41]

Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia finalised an agreement to purchase three A330 MRTT equipped with both an Aerial Refuelling Boom System (ARBS) and two Cobham 905E under-wing refuelling pods, on 3 January 2008.[42][43] In July 2009 it was announced that Saudi Arabia ordered three additional A330 MRTT tankers.[44] RSAF chose the General Electric CF6-80 to power its A330 MRTTs.

As of 31 August 2013 three aircraft have been delivered.[45] On 25 February 2013 the first A330 MRTT has been placed in operational use. Three more A330 MRTTs have been ordered in a follow-on contract. Delivery is expected in late 2014.[46]

Singapore

In February 2012, Singapore also expressed interest in the A330 MRTT to replace its four KC-135s.[47] The Republic of Singapore Air Force selected the A330-200 MRTT in February 2014 over the Boeing KC-46, and signed for a delivery of six aircraft.[48][49]

The aircraft are to be fitted with Trent 772B engines and will be configured for a maximum capacity of 266 passengers or {{convert|37,000|kg|lb}} of cargo, as well as a maximum fuel weight of {{convert|111,000|kg|lb}}.[50]

Deliveries are to start in 2018, with the first public appearance at the Republic of Singapore Air Force's 50th anniversary parade on 1 September 2018.[51] The first jet arrived in Singapore on 14 August in RSAF50 livery.[52]

South Korea

On 30 June 2015, South Korea selected the A330 MRTT aerial refuelling aircraft for procurement. South Korea is to order four aircraft with deliveries planned to be completed in 2019.[53] The first aircraft was delivered on 12 November 2018 and landed in Gimhae Air Base in Busan, South Korea for its acceptance tests. The first aircraft, which was piloted by a joint Airbus and ROKAF crew, arrived in South Korea after a ferry flight from the Airbus Final Assembly Line in Getafe, Spain, with a stop in Vancouver, Canada.[54] Designated as KC-330 Cygnus, the tankers will extend the endurance of ROKAF KF-16, F-15K, and F-35 fighters over remote areas such as Dokdo, Ieodo, and the North Pyongyang-Wonsan Line, as well as increase South Korea's ability to deploy personnel overseas for peacekeeping operations and other international support missions.[55][56] South Korea received its first A330 MRTT in January 2019,[57] and its second A330 MRTT in March 2019.[58]

France

In November 2011, France expressed interest in acquiring 14 A330 MRTT aircraft to replace its KC-135 tankers, A340 and A310 transports.[59] In December 2011, France decided in principle to replace its KC-135 tankers, A340 and A310 transports with A330 MRTTs, and in October 2012 announced that they would order 14 in 2013.[60] In 2013, Livre Blanc cut the requirement to 12 aircraft.{{citation needed|date=November 2013}} In May 2013, Airbus made an offer for 12 to 14 A330 MRTTs to France.[61]

On 20 February 2014, French Chief of Staff identified that France would acquire 12 A330 MRTTs. These will consist of two batches, initially the standard configuration with a boom and wing refuelling pods and later with a cargo door and SATCOM.[62] On 20 November 2014, French Air Force Minister announced an agreement to order 12 refuelling aircraft.[63]

On 15 December 2015, France has ordered eight A330 MRTTs, from an eventual requirement for 12 of the type worth a total €3 billion ($3.3 billion). The aircraft constitute the second tranche of the multi-year contract for 12 A330 MRTTs signed by the French Ministry of Defence in November 2014 and bring the total firm order to nine. The initial aircraft is expected to be delivered to the French air force in 2018, with further handovers of one or two per year until 2025.[64]

In September 2018, the Direction générale de l'armement (DGA) announced plans to speed up the delivery of the A330 MRTT Phénix, as it is known in French service, by two years, planning for the last of 12 aircraft to be delivered in 2023 rather than 2025. In addition the DGA also stated that the number would be further increased to 15 aircraft in the following years, without specifying a date for this planned order.[65][66] Later in September, the French Air Force received the first A330 MRTT as per the existing timetable.[67]

On 13 December 2018, France ordered another three A330 MRTT aircraft. This is the third and final tranche of the multi-year contract for 12 A330 MRTTs Phénix aircraft powered by Rolls-Royce Trent 700 engines and equipped with the Airbus Refuelling Boom System and underwing hose-and-drogue refuelling pods.[68]

Multinational Multi-Role Tanker Transport Fleet

In November 2011, the European Defence Agency (EDA) Steering Board and European Defence Ministers endorsed air-to-air refuelling (AAR) as one of the initial Pooling and Sharing initiatives after having recognised the need for a greater AAR capability as it was subject to a near-constant reliance on US Air Force refuelling aircraft during the 2011 military intervention in Libya.[69]

In November 2012, The Ministers of Defence of 10 EDA member states (the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Greece, Spain, Hungary, Luxembourg, Poland, Portugal and Norway) signed a letter of intent for joint procurement of a new multi-role tanker transport aircraft. The Netherlands was designated leader of the newly launched Multinational Multi-Role Tanker Transport Fleet (MMF) project, which was launched with the declared aim of creating an initial European AAR capability by 2020.[69]

In 2013, The Netherlands, the project lead country, officially expressed interest in the A330 MRTT to replace its two KDC-10 aircraft. A study was launched on standardising the European AAR capability in cooperation with the other MFF project members.[69]

In December 2014, after having issued a request for information to the industry earlier that year, the bulk of the project member states decided to enter negotiations with Airbus Defence and Space (ADS) for the procurement of a fleet of A330 MRTT aircraft. The fleet was decided to be owned by NATO, and OCCAR and the NATO Support and Procurement Agency would support the various phases of the procurement process.[69]

This was accompanied by a request for proposals sent to ADS by OCCAR for two A330 MRTTs with options for an additional six. At this point only the Netherlands and Luxembourg were full paying members of the project, and it was decided to base these first A330 MRTTs at Eindhoven Airbase, citing that the airbase has enough noise clearance to house and operate up to eight A330 MRTTs.[69][70]

According to the 2015 new defence plan, the Belgian Ministry of Defence intends to buy one A330 MRTT. The Belgian government is investigating the €840 million plan of minister Steven Vandeput as well as the option of equipping the ordered Belgian A400M fleet of seven planes with under-wing pods. A combined Belgian A330 MRTT and A400M fleet would cost up to €1 billion.[71][72] Belgium has expressed interest to join the tanker/transport aircraft pool with the Netherlands by likely contributing one A330 MRTT.[73][74]

In July 2016, the Netherlands and Luxembourg jointly ordered the first two A330 MRTT aircraft under the MMF programme, the first of which is scheduled to be delivered by 2020.[75][76]

In June 2017, Germany and Norway formally joined the MMF programme and have pledged to place an order for an additional five aircraft with options for an additional four.[77][78][79] On 26 September 2017, ADS announced that they had received a firm order from OCCAR for the five additional tankers.[80]

On 19 December 2017, NATO partnered with Israel's Elbit Systems to provide J-Music electronic countermeasures systems to the fleet.[81][82][83]

On 22 December 2017, Belgium signed a contract for one A330 MRTT, to be based at Eindhoven Airbase, bringing the total MMF fleet to 8 aircraft.[84][85] and officially joined the program on 14 February 2018.[86][87]

Out of the total of 8 aircraft currently on order, 5 will be based at Eindhoven AirBase (MOB) and 3 at Koln-Bonn Airbase (FOB).

Possible operators

Czech Republic

The Czech Republic is reportedly considering joining the Multinational Multi-Role Tanker Transport Fleet program.[88]

Indonesia

In January 2018, Indonesian Air Force officials were reported as saying they were studying both the Airbus A330 MRTT and Boeing KC-46 Pegasus aerial refuelling aircraft for a future modernisation programme, expected to take place after the current Airbus A400M Atlas programme completes. The Indonesian Air Force is said to compare the aircraft on compatibility with the force's current aircraft, life-cycle costs, interoperability with current and future assets, and potential funding and technology transfer options with state-owned aircraft manufacturer Indonesian Aerospace.[89]

India

The Airbus 330 MRTT and Il-78 were competing for a global tender floated in 2006 by the Indian defence ministry for six refuellers to extend the operating radius of Indian fighter jets. In May 2009, India finally chose the Airbus A330 MRTT over the Il-78.[90] However, in January 2010, the government cancelled the order citing high cost as the reason,[91] reportedly against the wishes of the Air Force.[92] After rebidding, India selected Airbus as its "preferred vendor" in November 2012.[93] In January 2013, it was reported that India had again selected Airbus' A330MRTT as "preferred bid".[94]

Airbus Defence and Space (DS) has said India's Ministry of Defence (MoD) terminated in late June the six-year-old US$2 billion tender for six multi-role tanker transport (MRTT) aircraft for the Indian Air Force (IAF), for which the company's A330 MRTT had been shortlisted. An Airbus official stated "We have been notified by the MoD of the withdrawal of the request for proposals (RfP), but we do not see this as the end of the road for the A330 MRTT campaign in India", and added that the aerospace company "will engage with the Indian government in finding a way to bring the A330 MRTT's capabilities to the IAF."[95]

In January 2018 the Indian Air Force re-launched its air-to-air refueling procurement programme, and sent out a request for information to Airbus, Boeing and Ilyushin, to which Airbus could respond with an offer for the A330 MRTT.[96] Both Airbus and Boeing responded to the request for information, but Ilyushin was disqualified as the official requirement is for an aircraft with two turbofan engines.[97] India is also considering purchasing airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) ("AWACS") aircraft that can also perform aerial refuelling.[98]

Qatar

On 27 March 2014, Airbus announced that the Qatar Emiri Air Force intends to purchase two A330 MRTTs.[99]

Spain

Spain's Ministry of Defence stated that it is to acquire two A330 MRTT in 2016 to replace its ageing Boeing 707 tankers.[100] In 2014, Spain's Secretary of State for Defence, stated that the Ministry of Defence began negotiations with Airbus Defence and Space about swapping their excess order for 13 Airbus A400Ms for an undisclosed number of Airbus A330 MRTT aircraft.[101] Airbus Defence and Space commercial director said that although being a difficult issue, the company will cooperate with Spain in order to find possible solutions to reach an agreement.[102] As of September 2018, Spain is still considering the option but has yet to make a decision.[88]

Sweden

Sweden is reportedly considering joining the Multinational Multi-Role Tanker Transport Fleet program.[88]

Failed bids

Brazil

The A330-based tankers lost in a bid for the Brazilian Air Force KC-X2 Program. Instead IAI won the contract for two 767-300ER tanker conversions.[103]

United States

{{Main|KC-X|EADS/Northrop Grumman KC-45}}

The US Air Force (USAF) ran a procurement program to replace around 100 of their oldest KC-135E Stratotankers, i.e., initially excluding the more common updated KC-135R variant. EADS offered the A330 MRTT. The Boeing KC-767 was selected in 2002;[104] however the USAF cancelled the KC-767 order upon the uncovering of illegal manipulation and corrupt practices during the competition.[105][106][107]

In 2006, the USAF released a new request for proposal (RFP) for a tanker aircraft, which was updated in January 2007, to the KC-X RFP, one of three acquisition programs that are intended to replace the entire KC-135 fleet.[108] The Airbus A330 MRTT was proposed again by EADS and Northrop Grumman as the KC-30. It again competed against the Boeing KC-767, which is a smaller aircraft (holds about 20 percent less fuel), less cargo, but is also cheaper. Northrop Grumman and EADS announced plans to assemble the aircraft at a new facility in Mobile, Alabama, which would also build A330 freighters.{{Citation needed|date=January 2013}}

The Air Force announced on 29 February 2008, that the KC-30 was chosen as the KC-135 replacement, and was designated KC-45A.[109][110] On 18 June 2008, the United States Government Accountability Office (GAO) upheld a protest by Boeing on the award of the contract to Northrop Grumman and EADS due to contract process improprieties.[111] This left the status of the KC-45A in doubt, because the GAO decision required the US Air Force to rebid the contract.[112]

On 24 September 2009, the USAF began the first steps in the new round of bids, with a clearer set of criteria.[113] On 8 March 2010, Northrop Grumman withdrew from the bidding process, asserting that the new criteria were skewed in favour of Boeing's offering.[114][115][116] On 20 April 2010, EADS announced it was re-entering the competition on a stand-alone basis and intended to enter a bid with the KC-45, still intending for Mobile to be the final assembly site.[117] On 24 February 2011, the USAF announced that the development contract had been awarded to Boeing. William J. Lynn III, the deputy defence secretary, said Boeing was "the clear winner" under a formula that considered the bid prices, how well each of the planes met war-fighting needs and what it would cost to operate them over 40 years.[118]

Variants

A330 MRTT

An Airbus A330-200 converted by Airbus Military for air-refuelling duties.

KC-30A

Australian designation for an A330 MRTT with two under-wing refuelling pods and an Aerial Refuelling Boom System.

//EADS/Northrop Grumman KC-45">KC-45A

United States Air Force designation for an A330 MRTT with two under-wing refuelling pods and an Aerial Refuelling Boom System, order cancelled.

Voyager KC2

Royal Air Force designation for an A330 MRTT with two Cobham 905 under-wing pods, primarily used for refuelling fast jets.[119]

Voyager KC3

Royal Air Force designation for an A330 MRTT with two under-wing pods and a "Cobham Fuselage Refuelling Unit (FRU)" for a centreline refuelling capability, primarily used for refuelling large aircraft.[119]

Operators

A total of 60 aircraft on order with 35 delivered as of 30 January 2019. [120]

{{AUS}}
  • Royal Australian Air Force – 6 in service with 1 more on order[121]
    • No. 33 Squadron.
{{BEL}}
  • Belgian Air Force – 1 aircraft on order, to be owned by NATO as part of the Multinational Multi-Role Tanker Transport Fleet (MMF).[84][85]
{{FRA}}
  • French Air Force – 15 aircraft planned, 12 aircraft on order, 1 delivered[122] [123]
{{GER}}
  • Luftwaffe – 4 aircraft on order, to be owned by NATO as part of the Multinational Multi-Role Tanker Transport Fleet (MMF).[124]
{{NLD}}
  • Royal Netherlands Air Force – 2 aircraft on order, to be owned by NATO as part of the Multinational Multi-Role Tanker Transport Fleet (MMF).[76][75]
{{NOR}}
  • Royal Norwegian Air Force – 1 aircraft on order, to be owned by NATO as part of the Multinational Multi-Role Tanker Transport Fleet (MMF).[124]
{{SAU}}
  • Royal Saudi Air Force – 6 delivered.[125]
{{SIN}}
  • Republic of Singapore Air Force – 4 delivered, 2 more on order[125]
{{ROK}}
  • Republic of Korea Air Force – 1 delivered, 3 more on order[125]
{{UAE}}
  • United Arab Emirates Air Force – 3 delivered.[126]
    • Air Refuelling Squadron
{{UK}}
  • Royal Air Force – 14 delivered (7 × KC2, 5 × KC3 + 2 fitted for KC3).[34] Aircraft owned by AirTanker who operate or wet-lease out aircraft not required by RAF tasking.[127]
    • No. 10 Squadron[128]
    • No. 101 Squadron

Accidents and incidents

On 19 January 2011, an air refuelling accident occurred between a boom equipped A330 MRTT and a Portuguese Air Force F-16 over the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Portugal. Early reports indicate that the boom broke off at the aft end of the boom near the F-16's receptacle which caused the boom to recoil into the underside of the A330 MRTT. The boom then became uncontrollable and oscillated until it broke off the boom assembly at the pivot point.[149] Both aircraft were damaged, but landed safely.[129] The A330 MRTT involved was an Airbus test aircraft destined for the RAAF; the air arm issued a statement that the aircraft was operated by an Airbus crew with no Australian personnel on board. At the time of the incident, Airbus had not begun deliveries.[130]

On 10 September 2012 at approximately 19:30 (CEST), an A330 MRTT's refuelling boom became detached in flight at an altitude of {{gaps|27,000 ft}} in Spanish airspace.{{R|"Flightglobal1"|"AviationWeek1"}} The boom separated cleanly at a mechanical joint and fell to the ground, while the aircraft landed safely in Getafe.{{R|"Flightglobal1"|"AviationWeek1"}} There were no injuries caused by the malfunction.{{R|"Flightglobal1"|"AviationWeek1"}} The incident was the result of a conflict between the backup boom hoist (fitted to the UAE-destined A330 MRTTs) and the primary boom retraction mechanism, and was attributable to the testing being conducted.{{R|"Flightglobal1"}} Airbus later explained that the malfunction was not possible under ordinary operating conditions, and that procedures had been designed to avoid similar incidents in the future.{{R|"Flightglobal1"}} Following the incident, INTA, the Spanish regulatory authority, issued precautionary restrictions to other users of boom-equipped A330s.[152]

Specifications

{{aircraft specifications/switch
|plane or copter?=plane
|jet or prop?=jet
|ref=A330 MRTT,[131] KC-30,[132][133] Airbus A330[134]


|loaded weight alt=
|payload main=99,000 lb
|payload alt=45,000 kg
|payload more=non-fuel payload
|max takeoff weight main=514,000 lb
|max takeoff weight alt=233,000 kg
|more general=Fuel capacity: {{Convert|111000|kg|lb|abbr=on}} max, {{Convert|65000|kg|lb|abbr=on}} at 1,000 nmi (1852 km) with 2 hours on station


|never exceed speed alt=
|stall speed main=
|stall speed alt=
|ferry range main=8,000 nmi, 9,200 mi
|ferry range alt=14,800 km
|ceiling main=42,700 ft
|ceiling alt=13,000 m
|climb rate main=
|climb rate alt=
|loading main=
|loading alt=
|thrust/weight=
|combat radius main= 972 nmi
|combat radius alt= 1,800 km
|combat radius more= with 50 tonnes of fuel for 4 hours[136]
}}

See also

{{Portal|Aviation|Airbus}}{{aircontent
|see also=
|related=
  • Airbus A330
  • Airbus A310 MRTT
  • EADS/Northrop Grumman KC-45

|similar aircraft=
  • Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker
  • McDonnell Douglas KC-10 Extender
  • Boeing KC-46 Pegasus
  • Ilyushin Il-96-400TZ

|lists=
}}

References

1. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.airbus.com/defence/a330mrtt.html |title= A330 MRTT Orders & deliveries|publisher=Airbus S.A.S |date= 14 December 2018 |accessdate=14 December 2018}}
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39. ^{{cite web|title=United Arab Emirates orders the A330 MRTT air to air refuelling aircraft from EADS|url=http://www.eads.net/1024/en/pressdb/archiv/2008/2008/all/20080225_eads_mrtt_uae.html|archive-url=https://archive.is/20130221201807/http://www.eads.net/1024/en/pressdb/archiv/2008/2008/all/20080225_eads_mrtt_uae.html|dead-url=yes|archive-date=21 February 2013|work=EADS website|publisher=EADS N.V.|location=Madrid|date=25 February 2008|accessdate=2 April 2009|quote=United Arab Emirates has announced today the purchase from EADS, through its Military Transport Aircraft Division, of the A330 MRTT (Multi Role Transport Tanker) as the new air-to-air refuelling aircraft for the UAE Air Force & Air Defense.}}
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139. ^1 {{Citation|first1=Craig|last1=Hoyle|title=Airbus Military explains cause of A330 boom detachment|url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/airbus-military-explains-cause-of-a330-boom-detachment-377845/|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Fairbus-military-explains-cause-of-a330-boom-detachment-377845%2F&date=2012-10-22|archivedate=22 October 2012|accessdate=22 October 2012|date=19 October 2012|work=Flightglobal.com website|publisher=Reed Elsevier|location=London, England, U.K.|oclc=173992746|quote=A back-up boom hoist intended to allow the structure to be retracted in the event of a failure to its primary system was being used, but its effects were unexpectedly countered by the main system until a failure and separation occurred.|deadurl=yes|df=dmy-all}}
140. ^{{citation|first1=Amy|last1=Butler|title=EADS Tanker Loses Boom Over Spain|url=http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=/article-xml/awx_09_11_2012_p0-494036.xml|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aviationweek.com%2FArticle.aspx%3Fid%3D%2Farticle-xml%2Fawx_09_11_2012_p0-494036.xml&date=2012-10-22|archivedate=22 October 2012|accessdate=22 October 2012|date=11 September 2012|work=Aviation Week website|publisher=McGraw-Hill|location=New York, NY, U.S.A.|issn=0005-2175|oclc=779657086|quote=No one on the ground or in the flight crew was injured. An Airbus Military spokesman says the boom separated cleanly at a mechanical joint, leaving minimal damage to the actual aircraft.|deadurl=yes|df=dmy-all}}
[137][138][139][140]
}}

External links

{{Commons category|Airbus A330 MRTT}}
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20170109022800/https://airbusdefenceandspace.com/our-portfolio/military-aircraft/A330MRTT/ Airbus Defence and Space, A330 MRTT official site]
  • Airtanker Consortium
  • Rivals eye Boeing's US airforce deal, by Jorn Madslien, BBC News
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20110514101526/http://www.defence.gov.au/news/raafnews/EDITIONS/4702/topstories/story12.htm RAAF: New tankers to take on many roles]
{{Airbus aircraft}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Airbus A330 Mrtt}}

7 : Airbus Defence and Space aircraft|International military tanker aircraft 2000–2009|International military transport aircraft 2000–2009|Twinjets|Airbus A330|Low-wing aircraft|Aircraft first flown in 2007
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